LEADER 10993nam 2200541 450 001 9910585769103321 005 20240226104915.0 010 $a981-19-0817-6 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC7048883 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL7048883 035 $a(CKB)24278542500041 035 $a(PPN)26390184X 035 $a(EXLCZ)9924278542500041 100 $a20230105d2022 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aAquaculture science and engineering /$fedited by Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian, Wen-chao Liu, Govindharajan Sattanathan 210 1$aSingapore :$cSpringer,$d[2022] 210 4$d©2022 215 $a1 online resource (591 pages) 311 08$aPrint version: Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan Aquaculture Science and Engineering Singapore : Springer,c2022 9789811908163 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aIntro -- Preface -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Chapter 1: Ramifications of Climate Change Induced by Anthropogenic Factors on Global Fish Population Scenario -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Ocean Warming -- 1.2.1 Causes of Ocean Warming -- 1.2.2 Effects of Ocean Warming -- 1.2.3 Remedial Measures to Control Ocean Warming -- 1.3 Ocean Acidification -- 1.3.1 Causes of Ocean Acidification -- 1.3.2 Effects of Ocean Acidification on Ecology, Species Biodiversity, and Ecosystems -- 1.3.3 Regulation of Ocean Acidification -- 1.4 Ocean Deoxygenation -- 1.4.1 Causes of Deoxygenation -- 1.4.2 Effects of Ocean Deoxygenation -- 1.4.3 Measures to Curb Ocean Deoxygenation -- 1.5 Global Efforts to Sustain Fish Population -- 1.5.1 Adaptation -- 1.5.2 The Ecosystem Approach -- 1.5.3 Co-management -- 1.6 Scope of Inland Aquaculture -- 1.6.1 Effects of Floods and Sea Level Rise on Inland Aquaculture -- 1.6.2 Effects of Indiscriminate Antibiotic Usage on Inland Aquaculture -- 1.6.3 Effects of Increased Pollutant Dumping on Inland Aquaculture -- 1.6.4 Effect of Algal Bloom on Inland Aquaculture -- 1.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Developments in Feeds in Aquaculture Sector: Contemporary Aspects -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Fish Meal and Its Demand -- 2.2.1 Fish Meal Replacers -- 2.3 Probiotics in Aquaculture -- 2.4 Antioxidants, Protein Hydrolysates, Peptides, and Amino Acids in Fish Feeds -- 2.5 Amino Acids and Fish Nutrition -- 2.6 Single-Cell Protein (SCP) as Aqua Feed Additive -- 2.6.1 Microalgae -- 2.6.2 Bacteria -- 2.6.3 Fungi and Yeast -- 2.6.4 Challenges in Using SCP as Aqua Feed Additive -- 2.7 Keratin in Aqua Feeds -- 2.8 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as Aqua Feed Additive -- 2.8.1 PHA Biosynthesis and Enzymology -- 2.9 Chitosan in Aquaculture -- 2.9.1 Biomedical Applications in Aquaculture -- 2.10 Cellulose as Aqua Feed Additive. 327 $a2.10.1 Effect of Cellulose in Fishes -- 2.11 Enzymes in Aqua Feed: Factors to Consider -- 2.11.1 Anti-Nutritional Factors -- 2.11.2 Phytates -- 2.11.3 Non-starch Polysaccharides -- 2.11.4 Protease Inhibitors -- 2.11.5 Phytase Enzymes -- 2.11.6 Protease Enzyme -- 2.11.7 Carbohydrase Enzymes -- 2.12 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Perspectives and Implications of Probiotics as Beneficial Mediators in Aquaculture Industry -- 3.1 Probiotics and Aquaculture -- 3.2 Selection of the Probiotic Strain -- 3.3 Bioencapsulation -- 3.4 Microencapsulation -- 3.5 Microencapsulation of Biological Compounds for Cultured Fish Feeds -- 3.6 Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics -- 3.6.1 Production of Antibacterial Substances and Blocking Adhesion Sites -- 3.6.2 Antiviral and Antifungal Activity of Probiotics -- 3.6.3 Competence for Nutrients -- 3.6.4 Stimulation of Immune System -- 3.6.5 Disruption of Quorum Sensing and Activation of Quorum Quenching -- 3.6.6 Maintenance of Water Quality -- 3.6.7 Role of Probiotics in Aquaculture as Biocontrol Agents -- 3.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 4: Different Animal Feeds and Their Role in Aquaculture -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Different Animal Feeds Used in Aquaculture -- 4.2.1 Fishery Byproducts -- 4.2.2 Insects -- 4.2.2.1 Nutritional Composition of Insects -- 4.2.2.2 Sources of Insect Feeds -- 4.2.2.3 Feeding Trials -- Grasshopper or Locust and Termite Meal -- Yellow Meal Worm -- Silkworm Meal and Silkworm Protein Oil -- Maggot Meal -- Black Soldier Fly -- Super Worm Meal -- 4.2.3 Microbial Biomass (Single-Cell Proteins) -- 4.2.3.1 Importance and Nutritional Quality -- 4.2.3.2 Sources of Single-Cell Protein in Aquaculture -- Fungi -- Bacteria -- Microalgae -- 4.2.3.3 Single-Cell Protein Feeding Trial Results -- Fungi and Bacteria -- Microalgae -- 4.2.4 Poultry by-Products. 327 $a4.2.4.1 Feeding Trial -- 4.2.5 Tubifex -- 4.2.6 Shrimp and Crab Meal -- 4.2.7 Krill Meal -- 4.2.7.1 Krill Meal as a Feeding Stimulant -- 4.2.7.2 Krill Meal Used in Plant-Based Diets -- 4.2.7.3 Krill Meal in Animal Byproduct Diets -- 4.2.8 Zooplankton -- 4.2.8.1 Importance in Aquaculture -- 4.2.8.2 Nutritional Quality and Role of Live Feeds in Aquaculture -- Artemia -- Rotifer -- Copepod -- Cladocerans -- Fairy Shrimps -- 4.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Novel Feed Ingredients for Approaching Aquatic Sustainability -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Nutrition of Microalgae Used in Aquaculture -- 5.1.2 The Growth Factors Involved in Microalgae Cultivation -- 5.1.3 The Use of Microalgae in Formulated Aquafeeds -- 5.1.4 Application of Yeast and Alternative Protein Sources as Marine Feed Ingredients -- 5.1.5 Probiotics as Antibiotic Alternatives and Immune Stimulants -- 5.1.5.1 Nile Tilapia -- 5.1.5.2 Rainbow Trout -- 5.1.5.3 Shrimp -- 5.2 Summary -- References -- Chapter 6: Molecular Closeness of Zebrafish and Human Platelets -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Morphology and Aggregation of Zebrafish Thrombocytes -- 6.3 Thrombocyte Formation in Zebrafish at Embryo Stage -- 6.4 Molecular Factors Identified in Zebrafish Platelet Development -- 6.4.1 runx 1 Gene -- 6.4.2 miR-126 microRNA -- 6.4.3 FOG1 Gene -- 6.4.4 GATA1 Gene -- 6.4.5 MASTL Gene -- 6.4.6 Arghef3 Gene -- 6.4.7 NBEAL2 Gene -- 6.5 Epigenetics -- 6.5.1 DNA Methylation -- 6.5.2 Histone Variants -- 6.5.3 Noncoding RNA -- 6.5.4 Epigenetic Modifications and Platelets -- 6.6 Environmental Toxins as Epigenetic Modifiers in Zebrafish -- 6.6.1 Benzo[a]Pyrene -- 6.6.2 Arsenic -- 6.6.3 Nickel -- 6.6.4 Cadmium -- 6.6.5 Bisphenol A -- 6.6.6 Perfluorooctanoic Acid -- 6.6.7 Lead -- 6.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Neuroendocrinology of Fishes -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Telencephalon -- 7.3 Preoptic Area. 327 $a7.4 Hypothalamus -- 7.5 Central Neurohormones -- 7.6 Hypophysiotropic Peptides -- 7.6.1 Functions of Prolactin (PRL) -- 7.6.2 Functions of Somatolactin (SL) -- 7.7 Hypothalamic Neurotransmitters -- 7.7.1 Glutamate and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) -- 7.7.2 Dopamine -- 7.7.3 Serotonin -- 7.8 Endocrine Targets of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary -- 7.8.1 Sex Steroid Production in the Fish Brain -- 7.8.2 Metabolic Hormones -- 7.8.3 Leptin -- 7.8.4 Insulin-Like Growth Factor and Insulin -- 7.8.5 Receptors for Thyroid Hormone -- 7.9 The Neuroendocrinology Regulation of Fluid Intake and Fluid Balance -- 7.9.1 Mechanism of Fluid Exchange and Balance -- 7.9.2 Regulation of Fluid Intake -- 7.10 Hormonal Regulation of Drinking in Fish -- 7.10.1 Hormones That Induce Drinking -- 7.10.2 Hormones That Inhibit Drinking -- 7.10.3 Other Hormones That Regulate Drinking -- 7.10.4 Neural Mechanisms of Drinking in Fish -- 7.10.5 Fluid Balance Regulation -- 7.10.5.1 Fluid Balance by Arginine-Vasotocin (AVT) -- 7.10.5.2 Fluid Balance by Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) -- References -- Chapter 8: Common Bacterial Fish Diseases and Approaches on Molecular Techniques for Characterization and Early Detection of P... -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Methods Followed for Detecting Fish Pathogens -- 8.2.1 Microscopic Methods -- 8.2.2 Culture Methods -- 8.2.3 Histological Diagnosis -- 8.2.3.1 Preparation -- 8.2.3.2 Staining -- 8.2.4 Serological Tests -- 8.2.5 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) -- 8.2.6 Dot-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Dot-ELISA) -- 8.2.7 Latex Agglutination Test -- 8.2.8 Fluorescent Antibody Test -- 8.2.9 Molecular Methods -- 8.2.10 Polymerase Chain Reaction -- 8.2.11 Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) -- 8.2.12 Multiplex PCR -- 8.2.13 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) -- 8.2.14 Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP). 327 $a8.2.15 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) -- 8.2.16 In-Situ Hybridization -- 8.2.17 Dot Blot or Slot Hybridization -- 8.2.18 DNA Microarray -- 8.2.19 Genome Sequencing -- 8.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: The Different and Basic Functions of Organ Systems of Fishes -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Fish -- 9.2.1 The General Characters of Fishes are as Follows -- 9.2.2 Classification -- 9.2.2.1 Agnatha -- 9.2.2.2 Chondrichthyes -- 9.2.2.3 Osteichthyes -- 9.3 Bioacoustics of Fish -- 9.4 The Integumentary System -- 9.4.1 Organization of Skin -- 9.4.1.1 Functions -- 9.4.2 Scales of Fishes -- 9.4.2.1 Classification of Scales -- Cosmoid Scale -- Ganoid Scale -- Placoid Scale -- Ctenoid and Cycloid Scales -- 9.5 The Muscular System -- 9.6 The Brain and Nervous System -- 9.6.1 The Peripheral Nervous System -- 9.7 The Circulatory System -- 9.8 The Digestive System of Fish -- 9.8.1 The Digestive Channel -- 9.9 The Reproductive System -- 9.9.1 The General Structure of Teleost Testes -- 9.9.2 Anatomy of Testes, Efferent Duct and Seminal Vesicles -- 9.9.3 Spermatogenesis -- 9.9.4 Vitellogenesis in Fishes -- 9.10 Fish Ecology -- 9.11 Growth in Fish -- 9.11.1 Factors Influencing Growth Rate -- 9.11.2 Growth Regulation -- References -- Chapter 10: The Use of Immunopotentiators in Aquaculture -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 ?-Glucan -- 10.3 Antimicrobial Peptides -- 10.4 Plant Extracts -- 10.5 Chinese Herbal Medicine -- 10.6 Probiotics -- References -- Chapter 11: Immunostimulants and Their Uses in Aquaculture -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Definition of Immunostimulants -- 11.3 Concept of Immunostimulants -- 11.4 Immunostimulants in Fish Diets -- 11.5 Immunostimulants Have the Following Characteristics -- 11.6 Immunostimulants Advantages -- 11.7 Immunostimulants Disadvantages -- 11.8 The Classification of Immunostimulants -- 11.9 Sources. 327 $a11.10 Synthetic Derived Immunostimulants. 606 $aAquacultural engineering 606 $aAqüicultura$2thub 606 $aEnginyeria$2thub 615 0$aAquacultural engineering. 615 7$aAqüicultura 615 7$aEnginyeria 676 $a060 702 $aBalasubramanian$b Balamuralikrishnan 702 $aLiu$b Wenchao 702 $aSattanathan$b Govindharajan 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910585769103321 996 $aAquaculture Science and Engineering$92902767 997 $aUNINA