LEADER 03442nam 2200505z- 450 001 9910557755303321 005 20211118 035 $a(CKB)5400000000045809 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/73766 035 $a(oapen)doab73766 035 $a(EXLCZ)995400000000045809 100 $a20202111d2020 |y 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurmn|---annan 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aTowards Improved Forecasting of Volcanic Eruptions 210 $cFrontiers Media SA$d2020 215 $a1 online resource (317 p.) 311 08$a2-88963-624-0 330 $aForecasting volcanic eruptions and their potential impacts are primary goals in Natural Hazards research. Active volcanoes are nowadays monitored by different ground and space-based instruments providing a wealth of seismic, geodetic, and chemical data for academic volcanologists and monitoring agencies. We have better insights into volcanic systems thanks to steady improvements in research tools and data processing techniques. The integration of these data into physics-based models allows us for example to constrain magma migration at depth and to derive the pressure evolution inside volcanic conduits and reservoirs, which ultimately help monitor evolving volcanic hazard. Yet, it remains challenging to answer the most crucial questions when the threat of an eruption looms over us: When will it occur? What will be its style? Will it switch during its course? How long will the eruption last? And most importantly: will we have enough time to alert and evacuate population? Addressing these questions is crucial to reduce the social and economic impact of volcanic eruptions, both at the local and global scales. For example, the 2014 eruption at Ontake (Japan) had only limited spatial impact but killed dozens of hikers; in contrast, the 2010 Eyjafjallajo?kull eruption (Iceland) did not cause any human loss but paralyzed the European air space for weeks. Several limitations arise when approaching these questions. For example, short-term eruption forecasts and models that relate changes in monitoring parameters to the probability, timing, and nature of future activity are particularly uncertain. More reliable and useful quantitative forecasting requires the development of optimized and integrated monitoring networks, standardized approaches and nomenclature, and a new range of statistical methods and models that better capture the complexity of volcanic processes and system dynamics. 606 $aPhysical geography and topography$2bicssc 606 $aScience: general issues$2bicssc 610 $aearth science 610 $aforecasting 610 $amonitoring 610 $avolcano 610 $avolcanology 615 7$aPhysical geography and topography 615 7$aScience: general issues 700 $aCaudron$b Corentin$4edt$01325566 702 $aChardot$b Lauriane$4edt 702 $aGirona$b Társilo$4edt 702 $aAoki$b Yosuke$4edt 702 $aFournier$b Nico$4edt 702 $aCaudron$b Corentin$4oth 702 $aChardot$b Lauriane$4oth 702 $aGirona$b Társilo$4oth 702 $aAoki$b Yosuke$4oth 702 $aFournier$b Nico$4oth 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910557755303321 996 $aTowards Improved Forecasting of Volcanic Eruptions$93036971 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04687nam 22007455 450 001 9910392753903321 005 20251116135551.0 010 $a3-319-20660-5 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-319-20660-8 035 $a(CKB)3710000000460481 035 $a(EBL)3568039 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001546678 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16141331 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001546678 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14796386 035 $a(PQKB)10371157 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-319-20660-8 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3568039 035 $a(PPN)188458794 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000460481 100 $a20150805d2015 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aClosing Human Evolution: Life in the Ultimate Age /$fby Ladislav Ková? 205 $a1st ed. 2015. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2015. 215 $a1 online resource (134 p.) 225 1 $aSpringerBriefs in Evolutionary Biology,$x2192-8134 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a3-319-20659-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. 327 $aPrelude -- First movement. Life as a cosmic imperative -- Second movement. Evolutionary uniqueness of humans -- Third movement -- The ultimate optimism: Finitics -- Finale. 330 $aThis volume analyses the evolution of humankind by combining approaches from science and the arts. It offers a novel perspective on the evolution of life on Earth, based on a recent reformulation of the second law of thermodynamics in terms of the ?maximum entropy production principle.? In essence, the Earth is but one of many ?white holes? in the universe, where life functions as a specific arrangement for the rapid dissipation of energy gradients by generating self-organized structures. Evolution of life in the universe is a creative process of increasing complexity as a Bayesian ratchet of knowledge accumulation, advancing in an evolutionary maze characterized by myriad blind alleys. On Earth, the human species has progressed more than any other by creating artefacts that have become both agents and products of in our cumulative cultural evolution. Culture has dramatically enhanced the rate of dissipation of energy gradients. Extrapolating from the acceleration of cultural evolution suggests that humanity will reach the Civilization Singularity in the middle of the 21st century, a point in time at which the rate of changes, and hence their unpredictability and uncontrollability, will converge to infinity. Humankind has now entered the ultimate age, in which the exuberance and splendour of human feats may be metaphorically likened to fireworks. The author highlights a new role of scientists as intellectuals who can create ?music for the fireworks? by analysing the consequences of the astounding dynamics in order to make the closing phase of human evolution a sublime one marked by minimal political and social tensions. 410 0$aSpringerBriefs in Evolutionary Biology,$x2192-8134 606 $aEvolution (Biology) 606 $aSociophysics 606 $aEconophysics 606 $aBiology?Philosophy 606 $aLife sciences 606 $aPhilosophy and social sciences 606 $aEvolutionary Biology$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/L21001 606 $aData-driven Science, Modeling and Theory Building$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P33030 606 $aPhilosophy of Biology$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/E34010 606 $aPopular Life Sciences$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/Q25000 606 $aPhilosophy of the Social Sciences$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/E36000 615 0$aEvolution (Biology) 615 0$aSociophysics. 615 0$aEconophysics. 615 0$aBiology?Philosophy. 615 0$aLife sciences. 615 0$aPhilosophy and social sciences. 615 14$aEvolutionary Biology. 615 24$aData-driven Science, Modeling and Theory Building. 615 24$aPhilosophy of Biology. 615 24$aPopular Life Sciences. 615 24$aPhilosophy of the Social Sciences. 676 $a570 700 $aKova?c?$b Ladislav$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$0704106 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910392753903321 996 $aClosing Human Evolution: Life in the Ultimate Age$92504825 997 $aUNINA