LEADER 03523nam 2200637z- 450 001 9910557548203321 005 20220111 035 $a(CKB)5400000000044124 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/76412 035 $a(oapen)doab76412 035 $a(EXLCZ)995400000000044124 100 $a20202201d2021 |y 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurmn|---annan 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aSkin-Gut-Breast Microbiota Axes 210 $aBasel, Switzerland$cMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute$d2021 215 $a1 online resource (110 p.) 311 08$a3-0365-0898-8 311 08$a3-0365-0899-6 330 $aThis book represents the latest research on microbiota axes, with a special focus on the gut-skin axis and the role of microbial breast bacteria on human health communication. This book also contains discussions of the microorganism-derived products that can directly or indirectly be signals for our organs and systems. Gut dysbiosis, representing a disruption of intestinal integrity, can create aberrant physiological conditions (including immunological disorders, intestinal stress, and anxiety-like behavior), as well as high serum levels of microbial metabolites increasing oxidative stress dysfunctions and generalized inflammation. Much research in this field has been carried out in animal models, and establishing whether those findings translate to humans will be crucial but challenging. On the other hand, several studies conducted on humans have evaluated the link between fecal microbiota composition and quality of life by recruiting thousands of participants. As well as identifying bacterial genera associated with higher quality of life, they carried out metagenomic analyses that indicated that the potential of microorganisms to synthesize certain active metabolites, and especially their interrelation, may also correlate with general wellbeing. It is clear that many axes can influence our lives; the most important include "the gut-brain axis" and the "skin-gut-breast axis". Together, the studies presented in this book have laid the foundations for a better understanding of the effects of gut microbiota on skin and on our body in general. The mechanisms that underlie them may represent the ideal focus for the initial efforts to explore the relevance of these axes for human wellbeing. 606 $aMedicine and Nursing$2bicssc 610 $aadenoid 610 $abowel disease 610 $achild 610 $acolitis 610 $aDesulfovibrio 610 $adysbiosis 610 $agut microbiota 610 $ahydrogen sulfide 610 $ajoint inflammation 610 $amaternal-fetal interface 610 $amicrobiome 610 $amicrobiota 610 $amicrobiota axes 610 $amicrobiota axis 610 $amiddle ear 610 $anewborn 610 $aolanzapine administration 610 $aoral microbiota arthritis 610 $aotitis media 610 $apediatric disease 610 $aschizophrenia 610 $asmall-large intestine axis 610 $asulfate reduction 610 $aupper respiratory tract 610 $aweight gain 615 7$aMedicine and Nursing 700 $aDrago$b Lorenzo$4edt$01293632 702 $aDrago$b Lorenzo$4oth 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910557548203321 996 $aSkin-Gut-Breast Microbiota Axes$93022683 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03622nam 2200445z- 450 001 9910137093003321 005 20210212 035 $a(CKB)3710000000824728 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/58163 035 $a(oapen)doab58163 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000824728 100 $a20202102d2015 |y 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurmn|---annan 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aRemodeling of cardiac passive electrical properties and susceptibility to ventricular and atrial arrhythmias 210 $cFrontiers Media SA$d2015 215 $a1 online resource (141 p.) 225 1 $aFrontiers Research Topics 311 08$a2-88919-647-X 330 $aThe effective management of cardiac arrhythmias, either of atrial or of ventricular origin, remains a major challenge. Sudden cardiac death due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias remains the leading cause of death in industrialized countries while atrial fibrillation is the most common rhythm disorder; an arrhythmia that's prevalence is increasing and accounts for nearly one quarter of ischemic stokes the elderly population. Yet, despite the enormity of the problem, effective therapeutic interventions remain elusive. In fact, several initially promising antiarrhythmic agents were found to increase rather than decrease mortality in patients recovering from myocardial infarction. The question then is what went wrong, why have these interventions proven to be so ineffective? An obvious answer is the drugs were designed to attack the wrong therapeutic target. Clearly, targeting single ion channels (using either isolated ion channels or single myocytes preparations) has proven to be less than effective. What then is the appropriate target? It is well established that cardiac electrical properties can vary substantially between single cells and intact preparations. One obvious example is the observation that action potential duration is much longer in isolated cells as compared to multi-cellular preparations or intact hearts. Due to the low electrical resistance between adjacent myocytes, the cells act in coordinated fashion producing "electrotonic interdependence" between neighboring cells. Myocardial infarction and/or acute ischemia provoke profound changes in the passive electrical properties of cardiac muscle. In particular, electrotonic uncoupling of the myocytes disrupts the coordinated activation and repolarization of cardiac tissue. The resulting compensatory changes in ionic currents decrease cardiac electrical stability increasing the risk for life-threatening changes in the cardiac rhythm. Thus, the electrical properties of myocardial cells must be considered as a unit rather than in isolation. It is the purpose of this Research Topic to evaluate the largely neglected relationship between changes in passive electrical properties of cardiac muscle and arrhythmia formation. 606 $aPhysiology$2bicssc 610 $aarrhythmias 610 $aAtrial Fibrillation 610 $acable theory 610 $acomputer modeling 610 $aelectrotonic coupling 610 $aFibrosis 610 $aGap Junctions 610 $aMyocardial Infarction 610 $asino-atrial node 610 $aVentricular Fibrillation 615 7$aPhysiology 700 $aGeorge E. Billman$4auth$01309599 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910137093003321 996 $aRemodeling of cardiac passive electrical properties and susceptibility to ventricular and atrial arrhythmias$93029438 997 $aUNINA LEADER 10168nam 22009253 450 001 9910482867603321 005 20251017110135.0 010 $a3-662-63021-4 035 $a(CKB)5590000000474433 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6635000 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6635000 035 $a(OCoLC)1256237771 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/70800 035 $a(PPN)255887248 035 $a(ODN)ODN0010072243 035 $a(oapen)doab70800 035 $a(DNLM)9918383870406676 035 $a(EXLCZ)995590000000474433 100 $a20210901d2021 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aNuclear and Radiological Emergencies in Animal Production Systems, Preparedness, Response and Recovery 210 $cSpringer Nature$d2021 210 1$aBerlin, Heidelberg :$cSpringer Berlin / Heidelberg,$d2021. 210 4$d©2021. 215 $a1 online resource (206 pages) 311 08$a3-662-63020-6 327 $aIntro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Contents -- About the Contributors -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1: National Veterinary Services Roles and Responsibilities in Preparing for and Responding to Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies -- References -- Chapter 2: Short Refresher of Radiobiology -- 2.1 Atoms and Isotopes -- 2.2 Definition of Radiation -- 2.3 Types of Ionizing Radiation -- 2.3.1 ß? Decay -- 2.3.2 ß+ Decay -- 2.3.3 Electron Capture -- 2.4 Physical Half-Life of Radioactive Isotopes -- 2.5 Biological Half-Life of the Radioactive Isotopes -- 2.6 Effective Half-Life of the Radioactive Isotopes in the Body of Animals -- 2.7 Decay Chains and Ingrowth -- 2.8 Units of Radioactivity -- 2.9 Specific Radioactivity -- 2.10 Radiation Dose -- 2.11 Effective Dose Equivalent -- 2.12 Lethal Dose -- 2.13 Interaction of the Ionizing Radiation with the Matter -- 2.14 The Sources of Man-Made Environmental Contamination -- References -- Chapter 3: Measurement of Radioactivity -- 3.1 Measuring Instruments -- 3.1.1 Personnel Dosimeters -- 3.2 Measuring Contamination Levels in Live Farm Animals -- References -- Chapter 4: Preparedness and Response to Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies in Animal Production Systems in the Context of IAEA Safety Standards -- 4.1 Relevant IAEA Publications on Emergency Preparedness and Response for Animal Production Systems -- 4.2 Phases of a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency -- 4.2.1 The Preparedness Stage -- 4.2.1.1 Hazard Assessment -- 4.2.1.2 Development, Justification and Optimisation of a Protection Strategy -- 4.2.1.3 International Trade of Food Following a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency -- 4.2.1.4 OILs for Triggering Food, Milk and Drinking Water Restrictions -- 4.2.1.5 Emergency Planning Zones and Emergency Planning Distances -- 4.2.2 Emergency Exposure Situation -- 4.2.2.1 The Urgent Response Phase. 327 $a4.2.2.2 The Early Response Phase -- 4.2.2.3 The Transition Phase -- 4.2.2.4 Radioactive Waste Management -- 4.2.2.5 Dealing with Non-radiological Consequences -- 4.2.3 The Termination of a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency -- 4.2.4 Planned or Existing Exposure Situation -- 4.2.4.1 Restrictions on Food, Milk and Drinking Water After the Termination of an Emergency -- References -- Chapter 5: Environmental Pathways of Radionuclides to Animal Products in Different Farming and Harvesting Systems -- 5.1 Major Nuclear or Radiological Emergencies Causing Animal and Animal Product Contamination -- 5.2 Key Environmental Processes Controlling Animal Product Contamination -- 5.2.1 Vegetation Interception -- 5.2.2 Chemical Form of the Released Radionuclides -- 5.2.3 Radionuclide Behaviour in Soils -- 5.2.4 Radionuclide Transfer from Soil to Crops -- 5.2.5 Quantification of Radionuclide Transfer to Plants and Fodder Crops -- 5.2.6 Intake and Absorption of Radionuclides by Animals -- 5.2.7 Gastrointestinal Absorption -- 5.2.8 Quantification of Radionuclide Transfer to Animal Products -- 5.2.9 Quantification of the Time Dependency of Radionuclide Activity Concentrations in Animal Products -- 5.2.10 Biological Half-Life () in Animal Tissues -- 5.2.11 Ecological and Effective Half-Lives -- 5.3 Monitoring Animal Food Products -- 5.4 Radionuclide Transfer to Intensively Farmed Agricultural Animals -- 5.4.1 Soil and Plant Aspects -- 5.4.1.1 Radioiodine -- 5.4.1.2 Radiocaesium -- 5.4.1.3 Radiostrontium -- 5.4.1.4 Other Radionuclides -- 5.4.2 Dairy Production -- 5.4.2.1 Radioiodine -- 5.4.2.2 Radiocaesium -- 5.4.2.3 Radiostrontium -- 5.4.3 Meat and Offal Production -- 5.4.3.1 Transfer of Radionuclides to Meat -- 5.4.3.2 Other Accumulating Tissues -- 5.4.3.3 Target Tissues for Different Radionuclides -- 5.5 Radionuclide Transfer in Non-intensive Animal Production. 327 $a5.5.1 Dairy Production in Low-Productivity Areas -- 5.5.2 Meat Production in Low-Productivity Areas -- 5.6 Radionuclide Transfer to Game Animals -- 5.6.1 Forest Environments -- 5.7 Impacts on the Health of Livestock Exposed to Nuclear Contamination -- 5.8 Routes of Radionuclide Intake via Aquatic Pathways -- 5.8.1 Radionuclides in Freshwater Fish -- 5.9 The Risk for Public Health (Placement on the Market for Human Consumption) -- 5.9.1 Radioiodine -- 5.9.2 Radiocaesium -- 5.9.3 Other Radionuclides -- References -- Chapter 6: Management Options for Animal Production Systems: Which Ones to Choose in the Event of a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency? -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Management Options -- 6.3 Radionuclides of Importance -- 6.4 Seasonality and Radioecological Zoning -- 6.5 Decision-Aiding Handbooks for Food Production Systems -- 6.5.1 Decision-Aiding Framework -- 6.5.2 Selection Tables (Step 2) -- 6.5.3 Applicability of Management Options for Different Radionuclides (Step 3) -- 6.5.4 Key Constraints Affecting Management Options (Step 4) -- 6.5.4.1 Technical Feasibility and Capacity -- 6.5.4.2 Timescales for Implementation -- 6.5.4.3 Waste Generation -- 6.5.4.4 Environmental Impact -- 6.5.4.5 Cost -- 6.5.5 Effectiveness of Management Options (Step 5) -- 6.5.6 Management Options Incurring an Additional Dose to Implementers (Step 6) -- 6.5.7 Consideration of the Datasheets (Step 7) -- 6.5.8 Selecting and Combining Options to Develop the Management Strategy (Step 8) -- References -- Chapter 7: Information Systems in Support of the Decision-Making Tools -- 7.1 The IAEA Unified System for Information Exchange in Incidents and Emergencies (USIE) -- 7.2 Decision Support System for Nuclear Emergencies Affecting Food and Agriculture (DSS4NAFA) -- 7.3 iVetNet -- References. 327 $aCorrection to: Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies in Animal Production Systems, Preparedness, Response and Recovery -- Correction to: I. Naletoski et al. (eds.), Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies in Animal Production Systems, Preparedness, Response and Recovery, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63021-1 -- Annexes -- Annex A: Datasheets on the Management Options -- Annex B: Worked Examples to Illustrate Decision-Aiding Framework. 330 $aThis Open Access volume explains how major nuclear and radiological emergencies (NREs) can have implications at local, national and international level. The response to NREs requires a competent decision-making structure, clear communication and effective information exchange. National veterinary services have the responsibility to plan, design and manage animal production system in their countries. These activities cover animal health, animal movement control, production control and improvement, and control of the products of animal origin before their placement on the market. Release of radionuclides after NREs can cause substantial contamination in the animal production systems. Critical responsibility of veterinary authorities is therefore to prevent such contamination, establish early response mechanisms to mitigate the consequences and prevent placement of contaminated products of animal origin on the market for human consumption. This work summarizes the critical technical points for effective management of NREs for national veterinary services. 606 $aContaminació radioactiva$2thub 606 $aProducció animal$2thub 606 $aVeterinària preventiva$2thub 606 $aVeterinary medicine$2bicssc 606 $aPublic health & preventive medicine$2bicssc 606 $aAccident & emergency medicine$2bicssc 606 $aAnimal ecology$2bicssc 606 $aBiochemistry$2bicssc 608 $aLlibres electrònics$2thub 610 $aVeterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science 610 $aPublic Health 610 $aEmergency Services 610 $aAnimal Ecology 610 $aNutrition 610 $aVeterinary Science 610 $aEcology 610 $aNuclear and Radiological Emergencies 610 $aRadiological Contamination 610 $aAnimal Production Systems 610 $aDisaster Management 610 $aOpen Access 610 $aVeterinary medicine 610 $aPublic health & preventive medicine 610 $aAccident & emergency medicine 610 $aZoology & animal sciences 610 $aBiochemistry 615 7$aContaminació radioactiva 615 7$aProducció animal 615 7$aVeterinària preventiva 615 7$aVeterinary medicine 615 7$aPublic health & preventive medicine 615 7$aAccident & emergency medicine 615 7$aAnimal ecology 615 7$aBiochemistry 686 $aMED003010$aMED078000$aMED089000$aSCI007000$aSCI020000$2bisacsh 700 $aNaletoski$b Ivancho$0906900 701 $aLuckins$b Anthony G$0906901 701 $aViljoen$b Gerrit$0906902 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910482867603321 996 $aNuclear and Radiological Emergencies in Animal Production Systems, Preparedness, Response and Recovery$92028692 997 $aUNINA