LEADER 04660nam 2201141z- 450 001 9910557390103321 005 20231214133524.0 035 $a(CKB)5400000000041997 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/76264 035 $a(EXLCZ)995400000000041997 100 $a20202201d2021 |y 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurmn|---annan 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aChallenges and Prospects of Steelmaking Towards the Year 2050 210 $aBasel, Switzerland$cMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute$d2021 215 $a1 electronic resource (222 p.) 311 $a3-0365-2777-X 311 $a3-0365-2776-1 330 $aThe world steel industry is strongly based on coal/coke in ironmaking, resulting in huge carbon dioxide emissions corresponding to approximately 7% of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. As the world is experiencing a period of imminent threat owing to climate change, the steel industry is also facing a tremendous challenge in next decades. This themed issue makes a survey on the current situation of steel production, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions, as well as cross-sections of the potential methods to decrease CO2 emissions in current processes via improved energy and materials efficiency, increasing recycling, utilizing alternative energy sources, and adopting CO2 capture and storage. The current state, problems and plans in the two biggest steel producing countries, China and India are introduced. Generally contemplating, incremental improvements in current processes play a key role in rapid mitigation of specific emissions, but finally they are insufficient when striving for carbon neutral production in the long run. Then hydrogen and electrification are the apparent solutions also to iron and steel production. The book gives a holistic overview of the current situation and challenges, and an inclusive compilation of the potential technologies and solutions for the global CO2 emissions problem. 606 $aTechnology: general issues$2bicssc 610 $aironmaking 610 $acarbon emissions 610 $aenergy consumption 610 $aflash ironmaking process 610 $aalternate ironmaking processes 610 $adirect reduction 610 $asmelting reduction 610 $airon ore concentrate 610 $anatural gas 610 $adigitalization 610 $adigital technologies 610 $adigital transformation 610 $asteel industry 610 $adigital skills 610 $aindustrial restructuring 610 $acarbon emission 610 $atechnology upgrade 610 $asteel 610 $aenvironment 610 $amining 610 $aproduction 610 $acircular economy 610 $alean and frugal design 610 $aecology transition 610 $aclimate change 610 $apollution 610 $atoxicology 610 $ametals 610 $ametallic products 610 $aenvironmental impact 610 $acarbon capture and storage 610 $aCO2 mineralization 610 $asteelmaking slags 610 $ananoparticles 610 $alife cycle assessment (LCA) 610 $aby-products 610 $aindustrial symbiosis 610 $areuse 610 $arecycling 610 $aCO2 mitigation 610 $ahydrogen 610 $akinetics 610 $afossil-free steel 610 $ahydrogen direct-reduced iron (H2DRI) 610 $amelting of H2DRI in EAF (Electric Arc Furnace) 610 $ahydrogen production by water electrolysis 610 $ahydrogen storage 610 $agrid balancing 610 $arenewable electricity 610 $aclimate warming 610 $acarbon footprint 610 $aenergy saving 610 $aemissions mitigation 610 $aelectricity generation 610 $ahydrogen in steelmaking 610 $asteel vision 610 $amini blast furnace 610 $acharcoal 610 $amathematical model 610 $agas injection 610 $akinetic models 610 $aself-reducing burden 610 $airon ore 610 $acoking coal 610 $aDRI 610 $ascrap 610 $ablue dust 610 $adecarbonization 615 7$aTechnology: general issues 700 $aHolappa$b Lauri$4edt$01303450 702 $aHolappa$b Lauri$4oth 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910557390103321 996 $aChallenges and Prospects of Steelmaking Towards the Year 2050$93027060 997 $aUNINA