LEADER 11000nam 2200517 450 001 9910554878603321 005 20220629093651.0 010 $a1-119-70049-3 010 $a1-119-70051-5 010 $a1-119-70048-5 035 $a(CKB)4100000012049796 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6739235 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6739235 035 $a(OCoLC)1276859885 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000012049796 100 $a20220629d2021 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aPhysiology of salt stress in plants $eperception, signalling, omics and tolerance mechanism /$fPratibha Singh [and three others] 210 1$aHoboken, New Jersey :$cJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc.,$d[2021] 210 4$d©2021 215 $a1 online resource (275 pages) 311 $a1-119-70047-7 327 $aCover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1 An Introduction to Salt Stress Perception and Toxicity Level: Worldwide Report at a Glance -- 1.1 Soil Salinity: An Introduction -- 1.2 Salt Stress Perception and Current Scenario -- 1.3 Types of Salt Stress -- 1.4 Origin of Problems -- 1.5 Salt Toxicity Level: A Worldwide Report -- 1.6 Effect of Salt Stress on Flora and Fauna of the Ecosystem -- 1.7 Role in Sustainable Agriculture -- 1.8 Unintended Effects of Salt-Containing Substance Application in Agricultural Land -- 1.9 Role of Salt Toxicity in the Operation of Green Revolution -- 1.10 Reaching the Current Status and Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2 Effects of Salt Stress on Physiology of Crop Plants: At Cellular Level -- 2.1 Soil Salinity and Plants -- 2.2 Crop Loss Due to Salt Toxicity - An Estimation Worldwide -- 2.3 Effect of Salt Stress on Target and Nontarget Plants and Microorganisms -- 2.4 Effect of Salt Stress on Physiology of Crop Plants -- 2.4.1 Effect of Salt Stress on Chlorophyll Biosynthesis, Chloroplast Functioning, and Photophosphorylation -- 2.4.2 Glycolysis, Kreb'sCycle Enzymes, Oxidative Phosphorylation, and Other Mitochondrial Functioning -- 2.4.3 Peroxisome Functioning -- 2.5 Halophytes and Their Physiology -- 2.5.1 Ion Homeostasis in a Halophyte -- 2.5.2 Osmotic Adjustment -- 2.5.3 Physiological and Metabolic Adaptation of Halophytes -- 2.6 Halophytes in Agriculture and Land Management -- 2.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 3 Effects of Salt Stress on Biochemistry of Crop Plants -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Effects of Salt Stress on Lipid Metabolism -- 3.3 Effects of Salt Stress on the Amino Acids Synthesis and Nitrogen Metabolism -- 3.4 Effects of Salt Stress on Protein Biosynthesis. 327 $a3.5 Effect of Salt Stress on the Oxidation of Membrane Proteins -- 3.6 Effect of ROS on the Nucleic Acid Formation -- 3.7 DNA-Protein Cross-links -- 3.7.1 Type 1 DPC -- 3.7.2 Type 2 DPC -- 3.7.3 Type 3 & -- 4 DPC -- 3.8 Effect of Salt Stress on Dephosphorylation of RNA and DNA -- 3.9 Future Advances and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Salt Ion Transporters in Crop Plants at Cellular Level -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Absorption of Na+ from Soil and Its Compartmentalization in Plant Cell -- 4.3 Salt Ions Regulation in Plant Cells and Tissues -- 4.4 Role of Ion Channels and Salt Ion Transporter in Crop Plants at Cellular Level -- 4.5 Transport of Na+ Through SOS Signal Transduction Pathway: At Cellular Level -- 4.6 Role of Salt Tolerance Responsive Genes in Transport of Na+ and Cl Ions -- 4.7 Role of Ions in Salt Stress Tolerance -- 4.8 Reaching the Current Status and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Salt Ion and Nutrient Interactions in Crop Plants: Prospective Signaling -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Effects of Salt Stress on Nutrient Absorption -- 5.3 Effects of Salt Stress on Nutrient Cycling in Crop Plants -- 5.4 Salt Ion and Nutrient Interactions in Crop Plants -- 5.5 Effect of Salt Stress on Nutrient Transporters -- 5.5.1 K Transporters -- 5.5.2 N Transporters -- 5.5.3 P Transporters -- 5.5.4 S Transporters -- 5.6 Role of Nutrient Interactions: Prospective Signaling -- 5.7 Future Prospective and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Effects of Salt Stress on the Morphology, Anatomy, and Gene Expression of Crop Plants -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Salt Stress and Effects on Morphology of Plants -- 6.3 Photosynthetic Pigments and Osmolytes Accumulation -- 6.4 Effect of Saline Stress on Floral Organs -- 6.5 Anatomical Features and Salt Stress -- 6.5.1 Relationship of Structure-Function Operation in Roots -- 6.5.2 Transport Through Xylem. 327 $a6.5.3 Transport into the Phloem -- 6.6 Yield and Related Traits -- 6.7 Salt Stress and its Effect on Gene Expression -- 6.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7 Effect of Salt Stress on Soil Chemistry and Plant-Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC) -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Soil Salinization - Types and Causes -- 7.2 Effect of Salt Stress on Soil Component -- 7.2.1 Effect of Salt Stress on Abiotic Component of Soil and Soil Health -- 7.2.2 Effect of Salt Stress on Biotic Component of Soil and Soil Health -- 7.3 Soil Chemistry Affecting Factors in Agricultural Land -- 7.4 Soil Salinity Effect on Crop Plants -- 7.4.1 Germination -- 7.4.2 Growth -- 7.4.3 Photosynthesis and Photosynthetic Pigments -- 7.4.4 Mineral Uptake and Assimilation -- 7.4.5 Oxidative Stress -- 7.4.6 Yield -- 7.5 An Introduction to Soil, Plant-Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC) -- 7.6 Salt Absorption by Root Tissues and Their Effect on Plant-Atmosphere Continuum -- 7.7 Translocation of Salt Ions in the Vascular System of Crop Plants -- 7.7.1 Mechanism of Sodium Influx Into Cytosol -- 7.7.2 Mechanism of Na+ Compartmentalization in Vacuoles -- 7.7.3 The SOS Pathway -- 7.7.4 Effect of Salt Stress on Xylem Transport -- 7.7.5 Effect of Salt Stress on Phloem Loading -- 7.8 Current Status and Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8 Effects of Salt Stress on Nutrient Cycle and Uptakeof Crop Plants -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Limitation of Nutrient Cycle and Uptake of Nutrients -- 8.2.1 Phosphorus Limitation -- 8.2.2 Nitrogen Limitation -- 8.3 Nutrient Cycle or Biogeochemical Cycle -- 8.3.1 Water Cycle or Hydrological Cycle -- 8.3.2 Carbon Cycle -- 8.3.3 Nitrogen Cycle -- 8.3.4 Oxygen Cycle -- 8.3.5 Phosphorus Cycle -- 8.3.6 Sulfur Cycle -- 8.3.7 Calcium Cycle -- 8.4 Effect of Salt Stress on Carbon Cycle -- 8.5 Effect of Salt Stress on Oxygen and Water Cycle. 327 $a8.5.1 Effect of Salt Stress on Oxygen Cycle -- 8.5.2 Effect of Salt Stress on Water Cycle -- 8.6 Effect of Salt Stress on Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria and Biogeochemical Cycle of Nitrogen -- 8.7 Effect of Salt Stress on Phosphorous Bacteria and Biogeochemical Cycle of Phosphorus -- 8.8 Effect of Salt Stress on Sulfur Bacteria and Biogeochemical Cycle of Sulfur -- 8.9 Future Prospective and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 Salt-Induced Effects on Crop Plants and Counteract Mitigating Strategy by Antioxidants System -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Formation of Salt-Induced Indirect Products (Oxidative Biomarkers) in Crops -- 9.3 Effect of Salt Stress on Crop Plants -- 9.4 Consequences Effect of Oxidative Biomarkers in Crop Plants -- 9.4.1 Lipid Peroxidation -- 9.4.2 Effect on Proteins -- 9.4.3 Effects on Carbohydrates -- 9.4.4 Effect on Polynucleic Acids -- 9.5 Generation of Self-defense Mitigating Strategy in Crop Plants -- 9.5.1 Counteract Mitigating Strategy by Enzymatic Antioxidants System -- 9.5.2 Counteract Mitigating Strategy by Nonenzymatic Antioxidants System -- 9.6 Conclusion and Future Prospective -- References -- Chapter 10 Effects of Salt Stress on Osmolyte Metabolism of Crop Plants and Mitigating Strategy by Osmolyte -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Groups and Biosynthetic Pathways of Osmolytes in Crop Plant -- 10.2.1 Polyamines and Their Biosynthetic Pathways in the Cell Organelles of Crop Plant -- 10.2.2 Betaine and Their Biosynthetic Pathways in the Cell Organelles of Crop Plant -- 10.2.3 The Biosynthetic Pathway of Carbohydrate Sugar, Sugar Alcohol, and Amino Acids in the Cell Organelles of Crop Plant -- 10.3 Effect of Salt Stress on Osmolyte Production and Work Action -- 10.4 The Osmotic and Ionic Adjustment Under Salt Stress Tolerance Mechanism -- 10.5 Conclusion -- References. 327 $aChapter 11 Salt Stress Toxicity Amelioration by Phytohormones, Synthetic Product, and Nutrient Amendment Practices -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Structure and Mechanism of Action of Phytohormones Under Salt Stress -- 11.3 Structural, Physiological, and Biochemical Nature of Phytohormones Under Salt Stress -- 11.3.1 Abscisic Acid (ABA) -- 11.3.2 Cytokinins (CKs) -- 11.3.3 Gibberellins (GAs) -- 11.3.4 Auxins (AUXs) -- 11.3.5 Brassinosteroids (BRs) -- 11.3.6 Salicylic Acid (SA) -- 11.3.7 Jasmonic Acid (JA) -- 11.4 Salt Stress Toxicity Amelioration by Exogenous/Endogenous Phytohormones -- 11.4.1 Auxin -- 11.4.2 Gibberellins -- 11.4.3 Cytokinin -- 11.4.4 Brassinosteroids -- 11.4.5 Salicylic Acid -- 11.5 Salt Toxicity Amelioration by Exogenous Synthetic Products -- 11.6 Salt Toxicity Amelioration by Exogenous Nutrient Amendment Practices -- 11.7 Future Prospective and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12 Crop Plants Develop Extracellular Signaling Products Against Salt Stress -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Site of Synthesis of Extracellular Signaling Products -- 12.3 Release of Extracellular Products by Cells of Cyanobacteria, Algae, and Crop Plants Under Salt Stress: Antioxidants, Enzymes, and Proteins -- 12.3.1 Antioxidants -- 12.3.2 Enzymes -- 12.3.3 Proteins -- 12.4 Release of Extracellular Products by Cells of Cyanobacteria Algae and Crop Plants Under Salt Stress: Amino Acids, Osmolytes, Nitrogen Nitric Oxide Ammonia -- 12.4.1 Amino Acids -- 12.4.2 Osmolytes -- 12.4.3 Nitrogen and Its Derivatives -- 12.5 Release of Extracellular Products by Cells of Cyanobacteria and Crop Plants Under Salt Stress: Phenols, Terpenoid, Phytols, Sterols, Fatty Acids -- 12.5.1 Phenols -- 12.5.2 Terpenoid -- 12.5.3 Phytols -- 12.5.4 Sterols -- 12.5.5 Fatty Acids. 327 $a12.6 Release of Extracellular Products by Cells of Cyanobacteria and Crop Plants Under Salt Stress: Photoprotective Compounds, Polysaccharides, Halogenated Compounds, and Phytohormone. 606 $aCrops$xEffect of salt on 606 $aPlants$xEffect of salt on 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aCrops$xEffect of salt on. 615 0$aPlants$xEffect of salt on. 676 $a581.13354 702 $aSingh$b Pratibha$c(Plant physiology), 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910554878603321 996 $aPhysiology of Salt Stress in Plants$92818283 997 $aUNINA