LEADER 02989nam 2200505 450 001 9910554238203321 005 20230126223325.0 010 $a0-520-38230-7 024 7 $a10.1525/9780520382305 035 $a(CKB)5590000000629989 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6787913 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6787913 035 $a(OCoLC)1242017392 035 $a(DE-B1597)585114 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780520382305 035 $a(EXLCZ)995590000000629989 100 $a20220713d2022 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n#---||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 14$aThe racial Muslim $ewhen racism quashes religious freedom /$fSahar Aziz 210 1$aOakland, California :$cUniversity of California Press,$d[2022] 210 4$dİ2022 215 $a1 online resource 311 $a0-520-38228-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Foreword by John L. Esposito -- Introduction -- 1. When American Racism Quashes Religious Freedom -- 2. The Color of Religion -- 3. Racialization of Jews, Catholics, and Mormons in the Twentieth Century -- 4. From Protestant to Judeo-Christian National Identity: The Expansion of American Whiteness -- 5. Social Construction of the Racial Muslim -- 6. American Orientalism and the Arab Terrorist Trope -- 7. Fighting Terrorism, Not Religion -- 8. Officiating Islamophobia -- 9. Criminalizing Muslim Identity -- 10. The Future of the Racial Muslim and Religious Freedom in America -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index. 330 $aWhy does a country with religious liberty enmeshed in its legal and social structures produce such overt prejudice and discrimination against Muslims? Sahar Aziz's groundbreaking book demonstrates how race and religion intersect to create what she calls the Racial Muslim. Comparing discrimination against immigrant Muslims with the prejudicial treatment of Jews, Catholics, Mormons, and African American Muslims during the twentieth century, Aziz explores the gap between America's aspiration for and fulfillment of religious freedom. With America's demographics rapidly changing from a majority white Protestant nation to a multiracial, multireligious society, this book is an in dispensable read for understanding how our past continues to shape our present--to the detriment of our nation's future. 606 $aMuslims$zUnited States$xSocial conditions 606 $aIslamophobia$zUnited States 606 $aReligion and politics$zUnited States 615 0$aMuslims$xSocial conditions. 615 0$aIslamophobia 615 0$aReligion and politics 676 $a305.6970973 700 $aAziz$b Sahar F.$01219664 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910554238203321 996 $aThe Racial Muslim$92820101 997 $aUNINA