LEADER 04593nam 22006615 450 001 9910548175203321 005 20230810174500.0 010 $a9783030932824$b(electronic bk.) 010 $z9783030932817 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-030-93282-4 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6897074 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6897074 035 $a(CKB)21325633200041 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-030-93282-4 035 $a(EXLCZ)9921325633200041 100 $a20220222d2022 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 14$aThe Syrian Information and Propaganda War $eThe Role of Cognitive Bias /$fby Ben Cole 205 $a1st ed. 2022. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Palgrave Macmillan,$d2022. 215 $a1 online resource (xvi, 414 pages) 300 $aIncludes index. 311 08$aPrint version: Cole, Ben The Syrian Information and Propaganda War Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2022 9783030932817 327 $aChapter 1. Propaganda, Power and Bias -- Chapter 2. The Pre-uprising Propaganda War -- Chapter 3. Establishing The Dominant Discourse -- Chapter 4. Assad is Sectarian -- Chapter 5. Assad Is Killing His Own People -- Chapter 6. Assad Is Using Chemical Weapons -- Chapter 7. Assad Protector Of The Nation -- Chapter 8. Syria Is Secular -- Chapter 9. The Rebels Are Extremists -- Chapter 10. Business As Usual -- Chapter 11. Limited Effects -- Chapter 12. Conclusion - Decoding The Propaganda War. 330 $aThis book focuses on the propaganda war between the Syrian government and the opposition movement, which excludes the Islamic State and the Kurdish-led SDF. Drawing on international relations, psychology, and media studies, the book encourages readers to question the dominant discourse on the war. The core of the book outlines the propaganda battles over the main paradigms and narratives that framed the war, exploring the shortcomings of those paradigms and narratives, identifying who won the propaganda war and why, and assessing what impact it had on the military side of the war. In particular, it focuses on the role of cognitive bias amongst primary and secondary sources in determining the outcome of the propaganda war, and whether the influence of this propaganda is best explained by effects or limited effects theory. Through explaining the dynamics of the propaganda war, the book encourages readers to critically question the dominant discourse on the war, assists them in understanding primary and secondary reporting on the war, and shows that the impact of the propaganda war is best understood in terms of limited effects theory. The book's main findings are that: 1) the opposition won the international propaganda war but failed to win the propaganda war inside Syria; 2) propaganda had relatively little effect on shaping attitudes either inside Syria or internationally (instead, its main effect was to reinforce attitudes that had already been shaped by other factors); and 3) the reality of the war lies between the conflicting paradigms and narratives being promoted by each side. Ben Cole is Honorary Lecturer at the School of Psychology, University of Liverpool, UK. He currently specializes in the process by which individuals become radicalized into violent extremism; terrorist decision making with regard to CBRN weapons; real-time monitoring and analysis of conflicts and terrorist movements using online media; and the war in Syria. . 606 $aInternational relations 606 $aCommunication in politics 606 $aPeace 606 $aJournalism 606 $aMiddle East$xPolitics and government 606 $aInternational Relations 606 $aPolitical Communication 606 $aPeace and Conflict Studies 606 $aJournalism 606 $aMiddle Eastern Politics 615 0$aInternational relations. 615 0$aCommunication in politics. 615 0$aPeace. 615 0$aJournalism. 615 0$aMiddle East$xPolitics and government. 615 14$aInternational Relations. 615 24$aPolitical Communication. 615 24$aPeace and Conflict Studies. 615 24$aJournalism. 615 24$aMiddle Eastern Politics. 676 $a956.910423 676 $a956.910423 700 $aCole$b Benjamin$f1967-$01011310 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 912 $a9910548175203321 996 $aThe Syrian information and propaganda war$92921620 997 $aUNINA