LEADER 05350oam 22006134a 450 001 9910524657103321 005 20241204165112.0 010 $a9780814345078 010 $a0814345077 035 $a(CKB)4100000006996626 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5526610 035 $a(OCoLC)1112099351 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse68282 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/88595 035 $a(Perlego)2998777 035 $a(oapen)doab88595 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000006996626 100 $a19980708d1999 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aAmbiguous Relations$eThe American Jewish Community and Germany Since 1945 /$fShlomo Shafir 210 $cWayne State University Press$d2018 210 1$aDetroit :$cWayne State University Press,$d1999. 210 4$d©1999. 215 $a1 online resource (508 pages) $cillustrations 300 $a"Published in cooperation with the Jacob Rader Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives, Cincinnati, Ohio." 311 08$a9780814327234 311 08$aErscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe 0814327230 311 08$a9780814345085 311 08$a0814345085 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 459-482) and index. 327 $aCover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Part I. Early Postwar Concerns -- 1. American Jews and the German Problem Until the End of the War -- 2. Morgenthau's Plan, Supporters, and Opponents -- 3. Safeguarding the Survivors and Refugees -- 4. Denazification and the Major War Crimes Trials -- Part II. Getting Involved or Staying Aloof -- 5. Advocates of Moderation -- 6. Critics and Opponents -- 7. Anti-German Protests at Home -- 8. Waiting in Vain for a German Change of Heart -- Part III. Reparations: Their Impact and Limits -- 9. The Twisted Road Toward Shilumim -- 10. German Diplomats: The Initial Efforts to Soften American Jewish Hostility -- 11. Antisemitic Manifestations and Their Abatement -- Part IV. Holocaust Consciousness and the Role of Israel -- 12. The Eichmann Trial and the Quest for Punishment of Nazi Criminals -- 13. Changing Circumstances and Futile Dialogues -- 14. Disappointment with the Social Democrats -- 15. The Growth of Holocaust Consciousness and Its Impact on American Jewish-German Relations -- 16. Bitburg and Its Repercussions -- Part V. American Jews and East Germany -- 17. From Grotewohl to de Maizière -- Part VI. Unification and Beyond -- 18. Expectations and Question Marks -- 19. An Ambiguous Balance -- Abbreviations -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index. 330 $aThe reemergence of a united Germany as a dominant power in Europe has increased even more it's importance as a major political ally and trade partner of the United States, despite the misgivings of some U.S. citizens. Ambiguous Relations addresses for the first time the complex relationships between American Jews and Germany over the fifty years following the end of World War II, and examines American Jewry's' ambiguous attitude toward Germany that continues despite sociological and generational changes within the community.Shlomo Shafir recounts attempts by American Jews to influence U.S. policy toward Germany after the ware and traces these efforts through President Reagan's infamous visit to Bitburg and beyond. He shows how Jewish demands for justice were hampered not only by America's changing attitude toward West Germany as a postwar European power but also by the distraction of anti-communist hysteria in this country.In evaluating the impact of Jewish pressure on American public opinion and on the West German government, Shafir discusses the rationales and strategies of Jewish communal and religious groups, legislators, and intellectuals, as well as the rise of Holocaust consciousness and the roles of Israel and surviving German Jewish communities. He also describes the efforts of German diplomats to assuage American Jewish hostility and relates how the American Jewish community has been able to influence German soul-searching regarding their historical responsibility and even successfully intervened to bring war criminals to trial.Based on extensive archival research in Germany, Israel, and the Unities States, Ambiguous Relations in the first book to examine this tenuous situation in such depth. It is a comprehensive account of recent history that comes to groups with emotional and political reality. 606 $aHolocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)$zGermany (West)$xInfluence 606 $aHolocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)$zGermany (West)$xReparations 606 $aJews$zUnited States$xAttitudes 606 $aJews$zUnited States$xPolitics and government 607 $aGermany (West)$xForeign public opinion, American 615 0$aHolocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)$xInfluence. 615 0$aHolocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)$xReparations. 615 0$aJews$xAttitudes. 615 0$aJews$xPolitics and government. 676 $a973/.04924 700 $aShafir$b Shlomo$01141176 712 02$aJacob Rader Marcus Center. 801 0$bMdBmJHUP 801 1$bMdBmJHUP 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910524657103321 996 $aAmbiguous Relations$92679408 997 $aUNINA