LEADER 08836nam 22005533 450 001 9911020091503321 005 20240712080341.0 010 $a9781394306565 010 $a1394306563 010 $a9781394306541 010 $a1394306547 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC31522867 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL31522867 035 $a(CKB)32721265100041 035 $a(Exl-AI)31522867 035 $a(Perlego)4501977 035 $a(EXLCZ)9932721265100041 100 $a20240712d2024 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aFractal Geometry in Human Geography and Planning 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aNewark :$cJohn Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,$d2024. 210 4$d©2024. 215 $a1 online resource (360 pages) 225 1 $aISTE Invoiced Series 311 08$a9781789451597 311 08$a1789451590 327 $aCover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Introduction -- Part 1. Basic Concepts and Reference Figures -- Chapter 1. Introduction to Fractal Analysis and Modeling in Human Geography -- 1.1. Geometric models of the spatial distribution of human settlements: from the use of smooth and regular shapes to the adoption of fractal shapes -- 1.2. Description and measurement of the shapes of the spatial distribution of human settlements -- 1.3. References -- Chapter 2. Basic Concepts for Fractal Analysis and Modeling in Human Geography -- 2.1. Methods of construction of fractal figures -- 2.1.1. Iterated function systems -- 2.1.2. Fractal cascades -- 2.1.3. Chaos game -- 2.1.4. L-systems (Lindenmayer systems) -- 2.1.5. Other methods for creating fractal figures -- 2.2. Measuring the size of fractal and non-fractal objects -- 2.3. Definition of a fractal object -- 2.4. Density and fractal dimension -- 2.5. Mathematical fractals versus fractals in the real world -- 2.6. Fractality and scale invariance -- 2.7. References -- Chapter 3. Fractal Reference Figures -- 3.1. Fractal curves and islands -- 3.1.1. Fractal curves -- 3.1.2. Teragons, fractal islands -- 3.2. Fractal dusts, gaskets and carpets -- 3.2.1. Fractal dusts -- 3.2.2. Sierpinski gaskets and carpets -- 3.2.3. Box fractal -- 3.3. Hybrid fractal figures and multifractal figures -- 3.3.1. Hybrid fractal figures -- 3.3.2. Multifractal figures -- 3.3.3. Composite figures -- 3.4. Fractal geometric models of central places -- 3.5. Concerning lacunarity -- 3.6. Conclusion -- 3.7. References -- Part 2. Fractal and Multifractal Analyses of the Spatial Distribution of Human Settlements -- Chapter 4. Fractal Analysis Methods for Characterizing the Spatial Distribution of Human Settlements. 327 $a4.1. Estimating the fractal dimension of a collection of human settlements (point, linear or surface objects) -- 4.1.1. General principle governing the estimation of fractal dimensions -- 4.1.2. Box-counting dimension -- 4.1.3. Correlation dimension -- 4.1.4. Geographically Weighted Fractal Analysis (GWFA) -- 4.1.5. Clarifications and comments -- 4.2. Fractal box-counting and correlation analyses of 50 built-up fabrics -- 4.2.1. The built-up fabrics studied -- 4.2.2. Choice of parameter values for fractal analyses -- 4.2.3. Comparison of the box-counting and correlation dimensions for the 50 built-up fabrics -- 4.3. Conclusion -- 4.4. References -- Chapter 5. Morphological Delineation of Urban Agglomerations: Comparison of Fractal and Non-Fractal Methods -- 5.1. Comparison of three fractal and non-fractal methods of morphological delimitation of cities -- 5.1.1. Presentation and critique of the three methods -- 5.1.2. Comparison of methods -- 5.1.3. Application of the three methods to identify the morphological limits of the city of Brussels (Belgium) -- 5.2. Morphological characterization of cities delimited by means of MorphoLim within 82 French urban areas -- 5.2.1. The 82 urban areas studied -- 5.2.2. Methodology -- 5.2.3. Results -- 5.3. Conclusion -- 5.4. References -- Chapter 6. Multifractal Analyses of Population Distributions -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Theoretical presentation of multifractal analysis -- 6.2.1. Measures and probabilities: mathematical modeling of population distributions -- 6.2.2. Generalized dimensions -- 6.2.3. The singularity spectrum (or multifractal spectrum) -- 6.2.4. Multifractal formalism -- 6.3. Application to the study of the spatial distribution of the population -- 6.3.1. Exploration of generalized dimensions -- 6.3.2. Typology of spatial distributions according to their multifractal spectrum. 327 $a6.4. Conclusion and perspectives -- 6.5. References -- Chapter 7. Characterizing Deviations from Scale Invariance Using Cross-Scale Signatures -- 7.1. Cross-scale signatures: a tool for exploring deviations from scale invariance -- 7.1.1. Limitations of fractal dimension for characterizing built patterns -- 7.1.2. Calculation of cross-scale signatures -- 7.2. Synthesizing the information provided by cross-scale signatures -- 7.2.1. Typology of cross-scale signatures using principal component analysis -- 7.2.2. Decomposition of cross-scale signatures using orthogonal polynomials -- 7.3. Conclusion -- 7.4. References -- Part 3. Urban Forms and Fractal Planning -- Chapter 8. Principles of Fractal Planning and Urban Design -- 8.1. Hypotheses about the functional advantages of fractal built and non-built forms -- 8.1.1. Response to public expectations for residential choice and satisfaction -- 8.1.2. Spatial structuring of intra-urban parks and green spaces -- 8.1.3. Preservation of biodiversity -- 8.1.4. Intra- and inter-urban spatial hierarchies -- 8.1.5. Shape of the perimeter of urban agglomerations -- 8.2. Fractal planning standards: between myths and realities -- 8.2.1. Is there a "right" fractal dimension for city planning? -- 8.2.2. Are fractal city shapes, by nature, optimal? -- 8.3. Why and how to introduce fractal geometric rules into geographic models of urban and regional planning? -- 8.3.1. MUP-City: simulation of fractal residential development under accessibility constraints -- 8.3.2. Fractalopolis: design of multifractal urban development plans -- 8.3.3. Fractal geometric rules in geographic models of cities and territories -- 8.4. Conclusion -- 8.5. References -- Chapter 9. Multifractal Forward Planning: The Fractalopolis Model Applied to the Case of Greater Paris. 327 $a9.1. Planning for accessibility: reducing distances traveled and organizing urban centers -- 9.1.1. Accessibility and residential satisfaction -- 9.1.2. Social demand: expectations and needs for individual mobility -- 9.1.3. From the hierarchy of individual needs to the hierarchy of central places -- 9.2. Integrating green and blue infrastructure into a planning process -- 9.2.1. Green infrastructure to reduce heat islands -- 9.2.2. Green infrastructure to protect biodiversity -- 9.2.3. Green infrastructure as a planning concept -- 9.3. Fractalopolis: a multi-scale development model -- 9.3.1. A precursor: TOD, itself inspired by the Garden City -- 9.3.2. Fractal geometry as a basis for reflections on planning -- 9.3.3. Hierarchy of central places linked by green and blue infrastructure -- 9.3.4. Formalization of accessibility -- 9.4. Example of application: from Greater Paris to the Est Ensemble sector -- 9.4.1. Multifractal development planning -- 9.4.2. Assessment of potential residential satisfaction -- 9.4.3. Scenarios for spatial distribution of dwellings -- 9.5. Conclusion -- 9.6. References -- Conclusion -- List of Authors -- Index -- EULA. 330 $aThis book, coordinated by Cécile Tannier, presents an in-depth exploration of fractal geometry within the context of human geography and urban planning. It aims to introduce and apply fractal analysis and modeling methods to the spatial distribution of human settlements. The text covers basic concepts and reference figures in fractal geometry, including methods for constructing fractal figures and measuring their dimensions. It also delves into the differentiation between mathematical fractals and those observed in real-world scenarios. The book is intended for researchers and professionals in geography and urban planning, providing a comprehensive look at the use of fractals in analyzing and modeling urban environments.$7Generated by AI. 410 0$aISTE Invoiced Series 606 $aFractals$7Generated by AI 606 $aSpatial analysis (Statistics)$7Generated by AI 615 0$aFractals 615 0$aSpatial analysis (Statistics) 700 $aTannier$b Cécile$01364678 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911020091503321 996 $aFractal Geometry in Human Geography and Planning$94418073 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05444nam 22006733 450 001 9910520099303321 005 20250628110033.0 010 $a9783030853228 010 $a3030853225 035 $a(CKB)5340000000068896 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6841090 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6841090 035 $a(OCoLC)1291622719 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/77355 035 $a(ODN)ODN0010067581 035 $a(oapen)doab77355 035 $a(EXLCZ)995340000000068896 100 $a20220207d2022 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aClimate of the Middle $eUnderstanding Climate Change As a Common Challenge 205 $a1st ed. 210 $cSpringer Nature$d2022 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing AG,$d2022. 210 4$d©2022. 215 $a1 online resource (76 pages) 225 1 $aSpringerBriefs in Climate Studies 311 08$a9783030853211 311 08$a3030853217 327 $aIntro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Introduction and Lessons Learned -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Dealing with Polarised Positions on Climate Change -- 1.3 Achieving a Good Distribution of Responsibilities -- 1.4 Building on Existing Moral Inclinations -- 1.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Perceptions of Catastrophic Climate Risks -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Why Perceptions of Climate Risks Matter -- 2.3 Biases and Heuristics in Decision-Making -- 2.4 Policies that Work With-Not Against-Behavioral Biases -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Determinants of Belief - And Unbelief - In Climate Change -- 3.1 The Scientific Consensus and Public Reception -- 3.2 Cognitive, Motivational and Social Determinants of Disbelief in Climate Change -- 3.3 Conspiratorial Thinking -- 3.4 Doubt and Uncertainty as a Political Strategy -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Climate Catastrophes as a Sum of Known Risks -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Difficulties in Grasping the Scale and Impact of the Problem -- 4.3 The Apparent Predictability and Manageability of Climate Change -- 4.4 The Corona Crisis as a Harbinger of Climate Risks -- 4.5 Catastrophes as Cascades of Foreseeable Problems -- 4.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: The Green Challenge for Central Banks and Households -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Who Should Act? -- 5.3 Greening Monetary Policy -- 5.4 Greening Consumption -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Corporate Taxation in a Circular Economy -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Dilemmas of Corporate Taxation in a Circular Economy -- 6.3 A Legitimate Green Corporate Tax -- 6.4 Corporate Tax Design in a Circular Economy -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Climate Change in the Attention Arena of the Middle Class -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The Middle Class and Its Worries. 327 $a7.3 Sentiment Can Reverse Quickly - The Virus -- 7.4 Climate Change Concerns as a Cultural Phenomenon -- 7.5 Challenges for Obtaining Efficient Interventions -- 7.6 Focusing the Goodwill of the Western Middle-Class: Apollo Projects -- 7.7 Conclusion -- References. 330 $aThis Open Access book presents a multidisciplinary perspective to increase our understanding of climate policies that are rooted in the natural moral inclinations of people, families and firms. Which policies prevent a widening gap between higher and lower educated people? Which policy instruments are there, and how could they be used? What is the role of free entrepreneurship? In this book, academics from different fields have brought together their knowledge and expertise to reflect on the following three questions: How are the polarised positions on climate change of different groups related to their moral outlook, world view, tradition, cultural norms and values? What is a good distribution of responsibilities between firms, households and the government relating to climate change? What are possible avenues where the climate policies are a natural extension of moral inclinations of families and firms, such as the stewardship for the natural environment and the climate? This book will be of interest to policy and decision-makers, students of social and behavioural sciences, and those interested climate change policies and how this effects our lives 410 0$aSpringerBriefs in Climate Studies 606 $aCentral government policies$2bicssc 606 $aSocial, group or collective psychology$2bicssc 606 $aSocial work$2bicssc 610 $aClimate change policy 610 $aResponsible citizenship 610 $aFree entrepreneurship 610 $aNatural extension of moral inclinations 610 $aDistribution of moral inclinations 610 $aStewardship for the natural environment and climate 610 $aOpen access 615 7$aCentral government policies 615 7$aSocial, group or collective psychology 615 7$aSocial work 686 $aPOL029000$aPOL044000$aPSY031000$aSOC025000$2bisacsh 700 $aSiegmann$b Arjen$01076273 702 $aSiegmann$b Arjen$4oth 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910520099303321 996 $aClimate of the Middle$92586665 997 $aUNINA