LEADER 07882nam 22004573 450 001 9910512171303321 005 20211213080214.0 010 $a9789811683374$b(electronic bk.) 010 $z9789811683367 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6824944 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6824944 035 $a(CKB)20094263400041 035 $a(EXLCZ)9920094263400041 100 $a20211213d2022 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aAdvances in Engine Tribology 210 1$aSingapore :$cSpringer Singapore Pte. Limited,$d2022. 210 4$d©2022. 215 $a1 online resource (261 pages) 225 1 $aEnergy, Environment, and Sustainability Ser. 311 08$aPrint version: Kumar, Vikram Advances in Engine Tribology Singapore : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,c2022 9789811683367 327 $aIntro -- Preface -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Part I General -- 1 Introduction to Advances in Engine Tribology -- References -- Part II Emerging Challenges with Modern Engines -- 2 Friction, Wear, and Lubrication Studies of Alcohol-Fuelled Engines -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Frictional Losses in IC Engines -- 2.3 Wear Characterization -- 2.3.1 Wear Measurement Methods -- 2.3.2 Wear-Metal Analysis of Lubricating Oil Samples -- 2.3.3 Soot in Lubricating Oil Samples -- 2.3.4 Wear Analysis of Various Engine Components -- 2.4 Different Lubrication Methods -- 2.4.1 Lubricating Oil Properties and Their Variations -- 2.4.2 Effect of Alcohol on the Lubricating Oil -- 2.5 Carbon Deposits on Engine Components -- 2.6 Summary -- References -- 3 Impact of Biodiesel Blended Fuels on Combustion Engines in Long Term -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Effects of Biodiesel Blended Fuels on Engine Parts -- 3.2.1 Cylinder Head and Liner -- 3.2.2 Piston Top, Skirt and Rings -- 3.2.3 Fuel Injector -- 3.2.4 Pump Components -- 3.2.5 Valves -- 3.3 Conclusions -- References -- 4 Automated SI Engine Wear Parts -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Tribological Components of SI Engine -- 4.2.1 Piston Assembly -- 4.2.2 Engine Bearings -- 4.2.3 Valve Train -- 4.2.4 Gearbox Wear -- 4.2.5 Tire Wear -- 4.3 Engine Condition Monitoring -- 4.4 Summary -- References -- 5 Wear of Wheels and Axle in Locomotive and Measures Taken by Indian Railway -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Wheel and Axle Problem -- 5.1.2 Defect Observed on the Wheels -- 5.2 Wear of Wheels -- 5.3 Defect Observed on the Axles -- 5.3.1 The Problem Associated with Axles -- 5.4 Possible Solution Adopted by Other Country -- 5.5 Wheel and Axle Problem in Indian Railways -- 5.6 Stakeholders and Interests -- 5.7 Organizational Implications -- 5.8 Atma Nirbhar Scheme of Indian Railways -- 5.9 Summary and Conclusion -- References. 327 $aPart III Recent Advances in Engine Tribology -- 6 Boundary Lubrication Properties of Nanolubricants on the Steel Surface for Transportation Application -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Materials and Experiment -- 6.2.1 Pin-On-Disk Tribometer -- 6.2.2 Preparation of Grease -- 6.3 Results and Discussions -- 6.3.1 Nanoparticles in an Oil Suspension -- 6.3.2 Nanoparticle in Water Suspension -- 6.3.3 Grease Analysis Using FTIR -- 6.4 Conclusions -- References -- 7 Nanomaterials Lubrication for Transportation System -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Lubrication -- 7.1.2 Lubrication Classification -- 7.1.3 Preventing Low and Excessive Lubrication -- 7.2 Lubricants Reducing Friction and Wear -- 7.3 Types of Lubrication -- 7.3.1 Boundary Lubrication -- 7.3.2 Mixed Lubrication -- 7.3.3 Hydrodynamic Lubrication -- 7.3.4 Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication -- 7.4 Composition of Lubricants -- 7.5 The Impact of Lubricants on Climate Change and the Environment -- 7.6 Properties of Nano Particles-Based Lubrication in Oil Medium -- 7.6.1 Automotive Oils -- 7.6.2 Railroad Engine Oils -- 7.6.3 Marine Engine Oils -- 7.6.4 Industrial Oils -- 7.7 Base Oil -- 7.7.1 Categories of Base Oil -- 7.8 Viscosity -- 7.8.1 Viscosity Versus Temperature -- 7.8.2 10.2Multigrade Versus Monograde Oil -- 7.9 Grease -- 7.10 Graphene Based Lubrication -- 7.11 MoS2 Based Lubrication -- 7.12 Boron Based Lubrication -- 7.13 Boric Acid Based Lubrication -- 7.14 Tungsten Disulfide Based Lubrication -- 7.15 Lubrication of Rail Track Components -- 7.15.1 Lubricating Elastic Rail Clip (ERC) CLIPS -- 7.15.2 Greasing and Sealing Linear Contact Area -- 7.15.3 Lubricating Switch Expansion Joints (SEJs) -- 7.15.4 Lubricating Point and Crossings -- 7.15.5 Lubricating Rail Joints -- 7.15.6 Certificate of Lubrication -- 7.16 Conclusions and Future Directions -- References. 327 $a8 The Effect of Friction Induced Noise, Vibration, Wear and Acoustical Behavior on Rough Surface: A Review on Industrial Perspective -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Concept of Physical Contact Surface -- 8.3 Friction Noise Due to Wear -- 8.3.1 Airborne Noise and Wear -- 8.3.2 Acoustic Emission and Friction -- 8.4 Modelling Techniques -- 8.4.1 Wear Models -- 8.4.2 Friction Models -- 8.4.3 Empherical Models -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part IV Novel Materials for Advanced Engine Design -- 9 Composite Materials and Its Advancements for a Cleaner Engine of Future -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Need for Composites -- 9.1.2 History and Background -- 9.1.3 What Are Composites? -- 9.1.4 Composites Against Metals -- 9.1.5 Limitations in Use of Composites -- 9.2 Classification of Composites -- 9.2.1 Metal Matrix Composites -- 9.2.2 Ceramic Matrix Composites -- 9.2.3 Polymer Matrix Composites -- 9.2.4 Carbon-Carbon Composites -- 9.3 Properties of Composites -- 9.3.1 Metal Matrix Composites -- 9.3.2 Ceramic Matrix Composites -- 9.3.3 Carbon-Carbon Composites -- 9.3.4 Polymer Matrix Composites -- 9.4 Application of Composites -- 9.4.1 Metal Matrix Composites -- 9.4.2 Ceramic Matrix Composites -- 9.4.3 Carbon-Carbon Composites -- 9.4.4 Polymer Matrix Composites -- 9.5 Conclusion and Future Prospectus -- 9.6 Summary -- References -- 10 Role of Composite Materials in Automotive Sector: Potential Applications -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.1.1 History/Background -- 10.1.2 Characteristics of Automotive Material -- 10.1.3 Materials Used for Automotive Applications -- 10.2 Application of Composite Materials in Automotive Components -- 10.2.1 Engine Parts -- 10.2.2 Braking System -- 10.2.3 Suspension System -- 10.2.4 Interior Trims -- 10.2.5 Exterior Trims -- 10.3 Other Automobile Applications -- 10.4 Conclusions -- References. 327 $a11 Modeling of a Closed Loop Hydrostatic Transmission System and Its Control Designed for Automotive Applications -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 System Description -- 11.3 Experiment Description -- 11.3.1 The Hydraulic System Modeling and Experimental Validation -- 11.4 Traditional Pid Control of the Closed Loop System -- 11.4.1 PID Controller Based on the Artificial Neural Network -- 11.5 Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) -- 11.5.1 Performance Evaluation for the Models -- 11.6 Comparative Analysis of the Speed Response of Hydraulic Motor -- References -- 12 Study of Tribo-Corrosion in Materials -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Tribocorrosion in Materials -- 12.2.1 Tribocorrosion in Alloys -- 12.2.2 Tribocorrosion in Ceramics -- 12.2.3 Tribocorrosion in Polymers -- 12.3 Future Scope -- 12.4 Conclusions -- References. 410 0$aEnergy, Environment, and Sustainability Ser. 608 $aElectronic books. 700 $aKumar$b Vikram$01070231 701 $aAgarwal$b Avinash Kumar$0859903 701 $aJena$b Ashutosh$01070232 701 $aUpadhyay$b Ram Krishna$01070233 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 912 $a9910512171303321 996 $aAdvances in Engine Tribology$92558032 997 $aUNINA