LEADER 11066nam 2200589 450 001 9910502979703321 005 20230425121725.0 010 $a3-030-56802-4 035 $a(CKB)4100000012024518 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6721739 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6721739 035 $a(OCoLC)1267766685 035 $a(PPN)25805588X 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000012024518 100 $a20220614d2021 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aPediatric ultrasound /$fHarriet J. Paltiel, Edward Y. Lee 210 1$aCham, Switzerland :$cSpringer International Publishing,$d[2021] 210 4$d©2021 215 $a1 online resource (1034 pages) 311 $a3-030-56801-6 327 $aIntro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Contributors and Editors -- Contributors -- About the Editors -- 1: Ultrasound Imaging Techniques and Artifacts -- Introduction -- Acoustics -- Wavelength and Frequency -- Sound Propagation -- Acoustic Impedance -- Reflection -- Refraction -- Attenuation -- Distance Measurement -- Instrumentation -- Transmitter -- Transducer -- Receiver -- Image Display -- Image Storage -- Mechanical Transducer -- Array Transducer -- Transducer Selection -- Harmonic Imaging -- Spatial Compounding -- Three-Dimensional Ultrasound -- Doppler Ultrasound -- Continuous Wave Doppler -- Pulsed Wave Doppler -- Color Doppler -- Power Doppler -- B-Flow -- Elastography Imaging -- Quasi-Static Strain Elastography -- Dynamic Elastography -- Ultrasound Contrast Imaging -- Contrast Agents -- Pulse Inversion Imaging -- Ultrasound Artifacts -- Grayscale Artifacts -- Mirror Image: Multipath Reflection -- Refraction -- Reverberation, Comet-Tail, and Ring-Down Artifacts -- Side Lobe Artifact -- Enhancement and Shadowing Attenuation Artifacts -- Partial Volume Artifact -- Doppler Artifacts -- Technically Related Doppler Artifacts -- Inappropriate Doppler Settings -- Aliasing (Wraparound) -- Color Doppler Noise -- Flow Directional Abnormalities -- Anatomically Related Doppler Artifacts -- Spectral Mirror Image Artifact -- Tissue Vibration Artifact -- Twinkling Artifact -- Blooming Artifact -- Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Artifacts -- Ultrasound Contrast Agent Artifacts -- Blooming Artifact -- Systolic Peak Velocity Increase -- High-Intensity Transient Signals -- Ultrasound Safety -- Thermal Bioeffects -- Nonthermal Bioeffects -- Regulations and Policies -- References -- 2: Brain -- Introduction -- Technique -- Patient Positioning -- Ultrasound Transducer Selection -- Imaging Approaches -- Normal Development and Anatomy. 327 $aNormal Development -- Normal Anatomy -- Cerebral Cortex -- Basal Ganglia and Thalami -- Ventricles -- Cisterna Magna -- Extra-Axial Fluid Spaces -- Congenital Brain Anomalies -- Dorsal Induction Disorders -- Chiari Malformations -- Anencephaly -- Hydranencephaly -- Ventral Induction Disorders -- Holoprosencephaly -- Septo-Optic (Pituitary) Dysplasia -- Anomalies of the Corpus Callosum -- Dandy-Walker Syndrome -- Neuronal Proliferation Disorders -- Hemimegalencephaly -- Neuronal Migration Disorders -- Lissencephaly -- Gray Matter Heterotopia -- Post-Migration Disorders -- Polymicrogyria -- Schizencephaly -- Intracranial Hemorrhage -- Preterm Infants -- Periventricular Hemorrhagic Infarction -- Cerebellar Hemorrhage -- Term Infants -- Epidural Hemorrhage -- Subdural Hemorrhage -- Subpial Hemorrhage -- Parenchymal Hemorrhage -- Choroid Plexus Hemorrhage -- Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury -- Global Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury -- Preterm Infants -- Term Infants -- Focal Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury -- Arterial Ischemic Stroke -- Venous Sinus Thrombosis -- Sickle Cell Disease -- Infectious Brain Disorders -- Viral Infections -- Bacterial Infections -- Fungal Infections -- Neoplastic Brain and Ventricular Disorders -- Neoplasms of the Brain -- Neoplasms of the Ventricle -- Vascular Brain Disorders -- High-Flow Malformations -- Low-Flow Malformations -- Hydrocephalus -- Benign External Hydrocephalus -- Scalp Masses -- Congenital Scalp Lesions -- Dermoid/Epidermoid Cyst -- Cephalocele -- Lymph Node -- Extracranial Birth Trauma -- Vascular Scalp Lesions -- Infantile Hemangioma -- Sinus Pericranii -- Suture Evaluation -- Craniosynostosis -- Positional Plagiocephaly -- References -- 3: Spine -- Introduction -- Technique -- Patient Positioning -- Ultrasound Transducer Selection -- Imaging Approaches -- Normal Development and Anatomy -- Normal Development -- Normal Anatomy. 327 $aSpinal Cord -- Central Canal -- Ventriculus Terminalis -- Filar Cyst -- Fatty Filum -- Positional Nerve Root Clumping ("Pseudomass") -- Pseudosinus Tract -- Dysmorphic Coccyx -- Congenital Spinal Anomalies -- Spinal Dysraphism -- Open Defect -- Meningocele -- Myelocele and Myelomeningocele -- Closed Defect -- Simple Closed Defects -- Complex Closed Defects -- Lipomatous Tissue and Dural Defect (Lipomyelomeningocele, Lipomyelocele) -- CSF-Containing Defects -- Tethered Cord -- Caudal Regression Syndrome -- Spinal Lipoma -- Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis -- Infectious and Inflammatory Spinal Disorders -- Epidural Abscess -- Pilonidal Sinus and Cyst -- Neoplastic Spinal Disorders -- Intramedullary Tumors -- Extramedullary Tumors -- Sacrococcygeal Teratoma -- Traumatic Spinal Disorders -- Lumbar Puncture -- Spinal Cord Injury -- Spinal Cord Laceration and Transection -- Epidural/Subdural Hematoma and Hematomyelia -- Hydromyelia/Syringomyelia/Syrinx -- References -- 4: Neck -- Introduction -- Technique -- Patient Positioning -- Ultrasound Transducer Selection -- Imaging Approaches -- Normal Development and Anatomy -- Neck -- Anterior Triangle -- Posterior Triangle -- Lymph Nodes -- Thyroid Gland -- Parathyroid Glands -- Salivary Glands -- Parotid Glands -- Submandibular Glands -- Sublingual Glands -- Neck -- Congenital Neck Anomalies -- Congenital Nonvascular Neck Masses -- Congenital Benign Cystic Neck Masses -- Thyroglossal Duct Cyst -- Branchial Cleft Cyst -- Cervical Thymic Cyst -- Duplication Cyst -- Teratoma and Dermoid Cyst -- Congenital Benign Solid Neck Masses -- Ectopic Thymus -- Cervical Extension of Normal Thymus -- Fibromatosis Colli -- Congenital Vascular Neck Masses -- Hemangiomas -- Vascular Malformations -- Arteriovenous Malformation -- Arteriovenous Fistula -- Venous Malformation -- Lymphatic Malformation. 327 $aInfectious and Inflammatory Neck Disorders -- Cervical Lymphadenitis and Abscess -- Mycobacterial Infection -- Other Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders -- Neoplastic Neck Disorders -- Benign Neck Neoplasms -- Myofibromatosis -- Neurofibroma -- Lipoma and Lipoblastoma -- Malignant Neck Neoplasms -- Lymphoma -- Neuroblastoma -- Rhabdomyosarcoma -- Metastatic Disease -- Thyroid Gland -- Congenital Thyroid Gland Anomalies -- Dysgenesis -- Dyshormonogenesis -- Focal Thyroid Gland Lesions -- Cystic Focal Thyroid Gland Lesions -- Colloid Cysts -- Simple Cysts -- Complex (Hemorrhagic) Cysts -- Solid Focal Thyroid Gland Lesions -- Benign Solid Focal Thyroid Gland Lesions -- Follicular Adenoma -- Hyperplastic or Adenomatoid Nodules -- Malignant Solid Focal Thyroid Gland Lesions -- Thyroid Cancer -- Lymphoma -- Diffuse Parenchymal Thyroid Gland Lesions -- Multinodular Goiter (Nodular Hyperplasia) -- Infectious Diffuse Parenchymal Thyroid Gland Disorders -- Acute Suppurative (Bacterial) Thyroiditis -- Subacute (De Quervain) Thyroiditis -- Autoimmune-Mediated Diffuse Parenchymal Thyroid Gland Lesions -- Graves' Disease -- Hashimoto Thyroiditis -- Parathyroid Glands -- Parathyroid Cyst -- Parathyroid Hyperplasia -- Parathyroid Adenoma -- Salivary Glands -- Congenital Salivary Gland Anomalies -- First Branchial Cleft Cyst -- Ranula -- Infectious and Inflammatory Salivary Gland Disorders -- Acute Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders -- Viral (Nonsuppurative) Inflammation -- Bacterial Parotitis and Abscess -- Recurrent and Chronic Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders -- Chronic Sialadenitis -- Neoplastic Salivary Gland Disorders -- Benign Salivary Gland Masses -- Infantile Hemangioma -- Lymphatic Malformation -- Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasms -- Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma -- Acinar Cell Carcinoma -- Other Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasms -- Sialolithiasis. 327 $aReferences -- 5: Lung -- Introduction -- Technique -- Patient Positioning -- Ultrasound Transducer Selection -- Imaging Approaches -- Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound -- Normal Development and Anatomy -- Normal Development -- Normal Anatomy -- Ultrasound Signs -- The Pleural Line -- Lung Sliding -- A-Lines -- B-Lines -- M-Mode Appearance of the Normal Lung -- Hepatization and Air Bronchograms -- Congenital Lung Anomalies -- Congenital Lobar Hyperinflation -- Foregut Duplication Cyst -- Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation -- Bronchopulmonary Sequestration -- Intralobar Bronchopulmonary Sequestration -- Extralobar Bronchopulmonary Sequestration -- Hybrid Congenital Lung Anomalies -- Atelectasis and Consolidation -- Pulmonary Necrosis -- Pulmonary Abscess -- Interstitial Lung Disease -- Pulmonary Lymphangiectasia -- Pulmonary Masses -- Benign Pulmonary Masses -- Malignant Pulmonary Neoplasms -- Primary Malignant Pulmonary Neoplasms -- Pleuropulmonary Blastoma -- Rhabdomyosarcoma -- Metastases -- References -- 6: Pleura -- Introduction -- Technique -- Patient Positioning -- Ultrasound Transducer Selection -- Imaging Approaches -- Normal Development and Anatomy -- Normal Development -- Normal Anatomy -- Anatomic Variants -- Normal Ultrasound Anatomy -- A-Lines -- B-Lines -- T-Lines -- Z-Lines -- Pleural Effusion -- Simple Pleural Effusion -- Complex Pleural Effusion -- Parapneumonic Effusion -- Empyema -- Fibrothorax -- Traumatic Effusion -- Hemorrhagic Effusion -- Extrapleural Hematoma -- Chylous Effusion -- Pneumothorax -- Absence of Lung Sliding -- Stratosphere or Barcode Signs -- Absence of B-Lines -- Lung Point -- Absence of Lung Pulse -- Pleural Masses -- Malignant Pleural Masses -- Primary Neoplasms -- Pleuropulmonary Blastoma -- Rhabdomyosarcoma -- Metastases -- References -- 7: Mediastinum -- Introduction -- Technique -- Patient Positioning. 327 $aUltrasound Transducer Selection. 606 $aPediatric diagnostic imaging 606 $aDiagnostic ultrasonic imaging$xData processing 606 $aPediatria$2thub 606 $aEcografia$2thub 606 $aDiagnòstic per la imatge$2thub 608 $aLlibres electrònics$2thub 615 0$aPediatric diagnostic imaging. 615 0$aDiagnostic ultrasonic imaging$xData processing. 615 7$aPediatria 615 7$aEcografia 615 7$aDiagnòstic per la imatge 676 $a618.9200754 700 $aPaltiel$b Harriet J.$01069520 702 $aLee$b Edward Y. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910502979703321 996 $aPediatric ultrasound$92879533 997 $aUNINA