LEADER 01725 am 22003133u 450 001 9910765886703321 005 20200113 024 7 $a10.3726/b13579 035 $a(CKB)4100000007522989 035 $a(OAPEN)1002939 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000007522989 100 $a20200113d|||| uy 101 0 $ager 135 $auuuuu---auuuu 200 14$aDas Aequivalenzprinzip in der Alterssicherung 210 $aBern$cPeter Lang International Academic Publishers$d2018 215 $a1 online resource (232) 311 $a3-631-52964-3 330 $aDie Effizienz eines Alterssicherungssystems ist in der Wirtschaftspolitik sowohl aus mikroökonomischer als auch aus gesamtwirtschaftlicher Sicht von hoher Bedeutung. Die demographische Entwicklung führt in einem Umlageverfahren zu Fehlanreizen. Darüber hinaus wird dieser Effekt durch interpersonelle Umverteilungseffekte noch verschärft. Da diese Erkenntnis jedoch lediglich auf einer ex post Betrachtung beruht, greift sie zu kurz. In dieser Untersuchung wird deshalb, mit Hilfe des mikroökonomischen Theoriengerüsts, gezeigt, dass sowohl eine intra- als auch eine intergenerative Umverteilung innerhalb eines Umlageverfahrens ex ante das individuelle Einkommensrisiko im Alter verringern kann. Die Folge dieser Versicherungswirkung ist ein positiver Wohlfahrtseffekt. 517 $aSozialoekonomische Schriften vol. 26 606 $aPolitics & government$2bicssc 606 $aWelfare economics$2bicssc 615 7$aPolitics & government 615 7$aWelfare economics 700 $aJagob$b Jochen$4aut$01304670 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910765886703321 996 $aDas Aequivalenzprinzip in der Alterssicherung$93027575 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04300nam 22006615 450 001 9910728395903321 005 20251009073442.0 010 $a981-9912-26-1 024 7 $a10.1007/978-981-99-1226-1 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC30551651 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL30551651 035 $a(OCoLC)1381095719 035 $a(DE-He213)978-981-99-1226-1 035 $a(BIP)088809004 035 $a(PPN)270612661 035 $a(CKB)26769598900041 035 $a(EXLCZ)9926769598900041 100 $a20230524d2023 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aOptical Metrology and Optoacoustics in Nondestructive Evaluation of Materials /$fby Zinoviy Nazarchuk, Leonid Muravsky, Dozyslav Kuryliak 205 $a1st ed. 2023. 210 1$aSingapore :$cSpringer Nature Singapore :$cImprint: Springer,$d2023. 215 $a1 online resource (415 pages) 225 1 $aSpringer Series in Optical Sciences,$x1556-1534 ;$v242 311 08$aPrint version: Nazarchuk, Zinoviy Optical Metrology and Optoacoustics in Nondestructive Evaluation of Materials Singapore : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,c2023 9789819912254 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aOptical Metrology and Optoacoustics Techniques for Nondestructive Evaluation of Materials -- Phase Shifting Interferometry Techniques for Surface Parameters Measurement -- Application of Phase Shifting Interferometry Methods for Diagnostics of Materials Surface -- Digital Speckle Pattern Interferometry for Studying Surface Deformation and Fracture of Materials -- New Methods of Speckle Metrology in Analysis of Rough Surfaces -- Methods for Processing and Analyzing the Speckle Patterns of Materials Surface -- Mathematical Modeling of Elastic Waves Interaction with Interface Crack-type Defects. 330 $aThis book includes the description, modeling and realization of new optical metrology techniques for technical diagnostics of materials. Special attention is paid to multi-step phase shifting interferometry with arbitrary phase shifts between interferograms, phase shifting and correlation digital speckle pattern interferometry, optical-digital speckle correlation, and digital image correlation, as well as dynamic speckle patterns analysis. Optoacoustic techniques can be treated as a separate branch of optical metrology and can solve many problems of technical diagnostics, including detection and localization of subsurface defects in laminated composite materials. The utility of such techniques can be increased by illumination of the object via acoustic waves at certain frequencies. Hence, an effective theoretical approach to the modeling of an elastic wave field interaction with an interphase defect, and to defect visualization using dynamic speckle patterns, is also includedin this book. The experimental proof of the proposed approaches was achieved using a specially created hybrid optical-digital system for detection of different subsurface defects. This book is intended for engineers, researchers and students engaged in the field of nondestructive evaluation of materials and technical diagnostics of structural elements, hybrid optical systems, speckle metrology and optoacoustic imaging techniques. 410 0$aSpringer Series in Optical Sciences,$x1556-1534 ;$v242 606 $aOptics 606 $aOptical measurements 606 $aMetrology 606 $aMaterials$xAnalysis 606 $aApplied Optics 606 $aOptical Metrology 606 $aMaterials Characterization Technique 615 0$aOptics. 615 0$aOptical measurements. 615 0$aMetrology. 615 0$aMaterials$xAnalysis. 615 14$aApplied Optics. 615 24$aOptical Metrology. 615 24$aMaterials Characterization Technique. 676 $a620.1127 700 $aNazarchuk$b Z. T$g(Zinovii? Teodorovich),$01424182 702 $aMuravsky$b Leonid 702 $aKuryliak$b Dozyslav 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910728395903321 996 $aOptical metrology and optoacoustics in nondestructive evaluation of materials$93553195 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03161nam 22006135 450 001 9910502972703321 005 20251113190558.0 010 $a981-16-4667-8 024 7 $a10.1007/978-981-16-4667-6 035 $a(CKB)4100000012025945 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6725065 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6725065 035 $a(OCoLC)1268205951 035 $a(PPN)258055359 035 $a(DE-He213)978-981-16-4667-6 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000012025945 100 $a20210911d2021 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$a3D printable Gel-inks for Tissue Engineering $eChemistry, Processing, and Applications /$fedited by Anuj Kumar, Stefan Ioan Voicu, Vijay Kumar Thakur 205 $a1st ed. 2021. 210 1$aSingapore :$cSpringer Nature Singapore :$cImprint: Springer,$d2021. 215 $a1 online resource (400 pages) 225 1 $aGels Horizons: From Science to Smart Materials,$x2367-007X 311 08$a981-16-4666-X 327 $aIntroduction to 3D printing technology for biomedical applications -- Characterization of bioinks for 3D bioprinting -- 3D printing of hydrogel constructs toward targeted development in tissue engineering -- 3D printable self-healing scaffolds for tissue engineering applications -- Gel-inks for 3D printing in corneal tissue engineering -- Three dimensional (3D) printable gel-inks for skin tissue regeneration -- Biofunctional Inks for 3D Printing in Skin Tissue Engineering. 330 $aThis book provides the necessary fundamentals and background for researchers and research professionals working in the field of 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering. In 3D bioprinting, design and development of the biomaterial-inks/bio-inks is a major challenge in providing 3D microenvironments specific to anatomical and architectural demands of native tissues. The focal point of this book is to provide the basic chemistry of biomaterials, updates on current processing, developments, and challenges, and recent advancements in tissue-specific 3D printing/bioprinting. This book is will serve as a go-to reference on bioprinting and is ideal for students, researchers and professionals, working academia, government, the medical industry, and healthcare. 410 0$aGels Horizons: From Science to Smart Materials,$x2367-007X 606 $aBiomaterials 606 $aRegenerative medicine 606 $aColloids 606 $aBiomaterials 606 $aRegenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering 606 $aGels and Hydrogels 615 0$aBiomaterials. 615 0$aRegenerative medicine. 615 0$aColloids. 615 14$aBiomaterials. 615 24$aRegenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. 615 24$aGels and Hydrogels. 676 $a610.28 702 $aKumar$b Anuj 702 $aVoicu$b Stefan Ioan 702 $aThakur$b Vijay Kumar 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910502972703321 996 $a3D printable Gel-inks for Tissue Engineering$92835190 997 $aUNINA