LEADER 05204nam 22006375 450 001 9910484583103321 005 20200918224338.0 010 $a1-4419-1428-5 024 7 $a10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6 035 $a(CKB)2670000000140054 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000609627 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11373807 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000609627 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10620800 035 $a(PQKB)10790183 035 $a(DE-He213)978-1-4419-1428-6 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3070617 035 $a(PPN)159080827 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000140054 100 $a20120105d2012 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn#008mamaa 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aEncyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by Norbert M. Seel 205 $a1st ed. 2012. 210 1$aNew York, NY :$cSpringer US :$cImprint: Springer,$d2012. 215 $a1 online resource (312 illus., 160 illus. in color. eReference.) 225 0 $aSpringer reference 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a1-4419-5503-8 311 $a1-4419-1427-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $av. 1. A-B -- v. 2. C-D -- v. 3. E-I -- v. 4. J-L -- v. 5. M-N -- v. 6. O-R -- v. 7. S-Z. 330 $aOver the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and ? as a result of the emergence of computer technologies ? especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely.   The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia  provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences. 606 $aLearning 606 $aInstruction 606 $aArtificial intelligence 606 $aEducational technology 606 $aLearning & Instruction$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/O22000 606 $aArtificial Intelligence$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/I21000 606 $aEducational Technology$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/O21000 615 0$aLearning. 615 0$aInstruction. 615 0$aArtificial intelligence. 615 0$aEducational technology. 615 14$aLearning & Instruction. 615 24$aArtificial Intelligence. 615 24$aEducational Technology. 676 $a371.3 702 $aSeel$b Norbert M$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910484583103321 996 $aEncyclopedia of the sciences of learning$91769364 997 $aUNINA