LEADER 05743nam 2200649 a 450 001 9910781601103321 005 20230421050622.0 010 $a1-283-31248-4 010 $a9786613312488 010 $a90-272-7600-5 035 $a(CKB)2550000000064130 035 $a(EBL)794826 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000540674 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12186512 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000540674 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10598367 035 $a(PQKB)10580365 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC794826 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL794826 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10509538 035 $a(OCoLC)816868482 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000064130 100 $a19971007d1997 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aRecent advances in natural language processing$b[electronic resource] $eselected papers from RANLP'95 /$fedited by Ruslan Mitkov, Nicolas Nicolov 210 $aAmsterdam ;$aPhiladelphia $cJohn Benjamins Pub.$dc1997 215 $a1 online resource (486 p.) 225 1 $aAmsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. Series IV, Current issues in linguistic theory,$x0304-0763 ;$vv. 136 300 $a"Papers presented at the First International Conference on 'Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing' (RANLP'95) held in Tzigov Chark, Bulgaria, 14-16 September 1995"--P. [ix]. 311 $a1-55619-591-5 311 $a90-272-3640-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aRECENT ADVANCES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING; Editorial page; Title page; Copyright page; Table of contents; Editors'' Foreword; I. MORPHOLOGY AND SYNTAX; Some Linguistic, Computational and StatisticalImplications of Lexicalised Grammars; Abstract; 1. Lexicalisation; 2. Lexicalised Tree-Adjoining Grammar; 3. Statistical implications; 4. Synchronous TAGs; 5. Viewing lexicalised trees as super parts-of-speech; 6. LTAGs and explanation-based learning techniques; 6.1 Implications of LTAG representation for EBL; 7. LTAGs and Categorial Grammars; REFERENCES 327 $aCase and word order in English and GermanAbstract; 1. Background; 2. Case and order in English; Subject affinity rules; Linear precedence rules; 3. Case and word order in German; 4. Implementation; 5. English is German; REFERENCES; An Optimised Algorithm for Data Oriented Parsing; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. STSGs: Definitions, terminology and properties; 3. Disambiguating an input sentence; 4. Experimental results; 5. Conclusions; REFERENCES; Parsing Repairs; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Characterising self-repair; 2.1 The overt characteristics of self-repair 327 $a2.2 The structural characteristics of self-repair3. Analysing self-repair; 3.1 Syntactic well-formedness; 3.2 Cascaded repair; 3.3 Interpreting O#R; 3.4 Parsing self-repairs; 4. Representing self-repair; 5. An augmented Earley algorithm for repair; 5.1 String representations; 5.2 Augmentations to the standard algorithm; 5.3 The augmented algorithm; 5.4 Remarks; 6 Conclusion; REFERENCES; Parsing for Targeted Errors in Controlled Languages; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Controlled language and grammar checking; 3. Robust parsing; 3.1 Positive and negative detection 327 $a3.2 Targeted and untargeted detection3.3 Single phase and multiple phase; 3.4 Current methods; 4. Chart parsing with finite state automata; 5. Encoding grammatical variation with finite state automata; 5.1 Deletion; 5.2 Insertion; 6. Complexity; 7. Further work; 8. Conclusions; REFERENCES; Applicative and Combinatory Categorial Grammar(from syntax to functional semantics); Abstract; 1. Model of Applicative and Cognitive Grammar; 1.1 Categorial grammars; 1.2 Applicative and Combinatory Categorial Grammar; 2. Structural reorganisation; 3. Coordination; 4. Meta-rules; 5. Examples; 6. Conclusion 327 $aREFERENCESPARSETALK about Textual Ellipsis; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Ontological engineering for ellipsis resolution; 3. Functional centering principles; 4. Grammatical predicates for textual ellipsis; 5. Text cohesion parsing: Ellipsis resolution; 6. Comparison with related approaches; 7. Conclusion; REFERENCES; Improving a Robust Morphological Analyser Using Lexical Transducers; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Lexical transducers; 3. The standard analyser; 4. The analysis and correction of linguistic variants; 5. The analysis of unknown words; 6. Conclusions; REFERENCES 327 $aII. SEMANTICS AND DISAMBIGUATION 330 $aThis volume is based on contributions from the First International Conference on "Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing" (RANLP'95) held in Tzigov Chark, Bulgaria, 14-16 September 1995. This conference was one of the most important and competitively reviewed conferences in Natural Language Processing (NLP) for 1995 with submissions from more than 30 countries. Of the 48 papers presented at RANLP'95, the best (revised) papers have been selected for this book, in the hope that they reflect the most significant and promising trends (and latest successful results) in NLP.The book is organ 410 0$aAmsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science.$nSeries IV,$pCurrent issues in linguistic theory ;$vv. 136. 606 $aComputational linguistics$vCongresses 615 0$aComputational linguistics 676 $a410/.285 701 $aMitkov$b Ruslan$0301340 701 $aNicolov$b Nicolas$01476808 712 12$aRANLP '95 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910781601103321 996 $aRecent advances in natural language processing$93754690 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03901nam 22006975 450 001 9910484506403321 005 20240313122504.0 010 $a9783030517847 010 $a3030517845 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-030-51784-7 035 $a(CKB)4100000011902495 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6566979 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6566979 035 $a(OCoLC)1249471300 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-030-51784-7 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000011902495 100 $a20210424d2021 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aChain Reaction $eHow Blockchain Will Transform the Developing World /$fby Paul Domjan, Gavin Serkin, Brandon Thomas, John Toshack 205 $a1st ed. 2021. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Palgrave Macmillan,$d2021. 215 $a1 online resource (114 pages) 300 $aIncludes index. 311 08$a9783030517830 311 08$a3030517837 327 $aChapter 1: Introducing blockchain: Tomorrow's Railroads -- Chapter 2: Trust Matters -- Chapter 3: What Does Blockchain Solve? -- Chapter 4: Who Really Controls Blockchain? -- Chapter 5: Making money -- Chapter 6: More than money -- Chapter 7: Opening Up Trade -- Chapter 8: The Big Bet Vs. Devil You Know. 330 $aAmidst the constant stream of overly technical and excitable books heralding a blockchain revolution that's destined to be more disruptive than the Internet, this book stands apart for its more nuanced take, focusing on the potential for these new technologies to change developing countries for the better. Chain Reaction divides the world into two: for some, blockchain seems a poor substitute for an efficient banking and regulatory system in which transactions are settled instantly and contracts are underpinned by solid institutions. For others, it will be truly life-changing - namely those living in countries where rule of law is weak, concepts of ownership are vague and, consequently, trust in institutions is in scarce supply. With blockchain, we are about to witness a leapfrogging - one that will bring the next billion emerging consumers into the formal economy by creating reliable institutions of contract, ownership and trust among people previously denied such luxuries. The authors humanize the technology by taking the reader on a global journey through a multitude of applications - from registering property to voting and delivering aid. In place of the usual abstract lessons in complex technology, this book is instead filled with lively anecdotes of places where trust is so weak that a crisp dollar bill sells at a premium to a better-used version. The book's goal is to create the first truly approachable, entirely comprehensible and enjoyable read on the wonders to come from blockchain. 606 $aDevelopment economics 606 $aBusiness enterprises$xFinance 606 $aInternational finance 606 $aFinancial services industry 606 $aFinance 606 $aDevelopment Economics 606 $aCorporate Finance 606 $aInternational Finance 606 $aFinancial Services 606 $aFinancial Economics 615 0$aDevelopment economics. 615 0$aBusiness enterprises$xFinance. 615 0$aInternational finance. 615 0$aFinancial services industry. 615 0$aFinance. 615 14$aDevelopment Economics. 615 24$aCorporate Finance. 615 24$aInternational Finance. 615 24$aFinancial Services. 615 24$aFinancial Economics. 676 $a005.74 676 $a332.1091724 700 $aDomjan$b Paul$f1980-$01051282 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910484506403321 996 $aChain reaction$92481669 997 $aUNINA