LEADER 05923nam 22008175 450 001 9910483082703321 005 20250624084741.0 010 $a3-642-04820-X 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-642-04820-3 035 $a(CKB)1000000000804440 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000355563 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11286607 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000355563 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10340370 035 $a(PQKB)11690212 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-642-04820-3 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3064787 035 $a(PPN)139962247 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000804440 100 $a20100301d2009 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn|008mamaa 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aModeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence $e6th International Conference, MDAI 2009, Awaji Island, Japan, November 30-December 2, 2009, Proceedings /$fedited by Yasuo Narukawa, Masahiro Inuiguchi 205 $a1st ed. 2009. 210 1$aBerlin, Heidelberg :$cSpringer Berlin Heidelberg :$cImprint: Springer,$d2009. 215 $a1 online resource (XI, 373 p.) 225 1 $aLecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence,$x2945-9141 ;$v5861 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a3-642-04819-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aInvited Papers -- Interactive Robust Multiobjective Optimization Driven by Decision Rule Preference Model -- g-BDI: A Graded Intensional Agent Model for Practical Reasoning -- Modeling Ambiguity Averse Behavior of Individual Decision Making: Prospect Theory under Uncertainty -- Generalized Bags, Bag Relations, and Applications to Data Analysis and Decision Making -- The Relationship between Interval, Fuzzy and Possibilistic Optimization -- Regular Papers -- Decision Making in Voting Games: An Insight into Theory and Practice -- A Lyapunov-Type Theorem for Nonadditive Vector Measures -- A Formal Theory of Cooperative TU-Games -- The Functionality-Security-Privacy Game -- Toward the Theory of Cooperative Games under Incomplete Information -- Comparison of Data Structures for Computing Formal Concepts -- Using Conditional Random Fields for Decision-Theoretic Planning -- Interactive Decision Making for Hierarchical Multiobjective Linear Programming Problems -- A Perception-Based Portfolio Under Uncertainty: Minimization of Average Rates of Falling -- A Differential Evolution Based Time-Frequency Atom Decomposition for Analyzing Emitter signals -- Combining Various Methods of Automated User Decision and Preferences Modelling -- Target-Oriented Decision Analysis with Different Target Preferences -- A Novel Method for Multibiometric Fusion Based on FAR and FRR -- Performance Evaluation of TEWA Systems for Improved Decision Support -- Discounting and Combination Scheme in Evidence Theory for Dealing with Conflict in Information Fusion -- Evaluation Based on Pessimistic Efficiency in Interval DEA -- Stochastic Facility Construction Problem with Preference of Candidate Sites -- A Consensus Reaching Model for Web 2.0 Communities -- Refinement Properties in Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering -- Some Pairwise Constrained Semi-Supervised Fuzzy c-Means Clustering Algorithms -- PCA-Guided k-Means with Variable Weighting and Its Application to Document Clustering -- Partial Symbol Ordering Distance -- Situation Recognition and Hypothesis Management Using Petri Nets -- A Hybrid Algorithm Based on Tabu Search and Ant Colony Optimization for k-Minimum Spanning Tree Problems -- Dynamic Neighborhood Selection for Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction -- A Consistency-Constrained Feature Selection Algorithm with the Steepest Descent Method -- A Heuristic Algorithm for Attribute Reduction Based on Discernibility and Equivalence by Attributes -- Multiobjective Multiclass Soft-Margin Support Vector Machine and Its Solving Technique Based on Benson?s Method. 330 $aThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, MDAI 2009, held on Awaji Island, Japan, in November/December 2009. The 28 papers presented in this book together with 5 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions. The topics covered are aggregation operators, fuzzy measures and game theory; decision making; clustering and similarity; computational intelligence and optimization; and machine learning. 410 0$aLecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence,$x2945-9141 ;$v5861 606 $aDiscrete mathematics 606 $aComputer simulation 606 $aArtificial intelligence 606 $aComputer science$xMathematics 606 $aMachine theory 606 $aComputer science 606 $aDiscrete Mathematics 606 $aComputer Modelling 606 $aArtificial Intelligence 606 $aDiscrete Mathematics in Computer Science 606 $aFormal Languages and Automata Theory 606 $aComputer Science Logic and Foundations of Programming 615 0$aDiscrete mathematics. 615 0$aComputer simulation. 615 0$aArtificial intelligence. 615 0$aComputer science$xMathematics. 615 0$aMachine theory. 615 0$aComputer science. 615 14$aDiscrete Mathematics. 615 24$aComputer Modelling. 615 24$aArtificial Intelligence. 615 24$aDiscrete Mathematics in Computer Science. 615 24$aFormal Languages and Automata Theory. 615 24$aComputer Science Logic and Foundations of Programming. 676 $a004n/a 701 $aInuiguchi$b Masahiro$01434767 701 $aNarukawa$b Yasuo$01255058 701 $aTorra$b Vicenc$0848974 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910483082703321 996 $aModeling decisions for artificial intelligence$94201638 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04777nam 22007695 450 001 9910725095803321 005 20251008135037.0 010 $a9783031243301$b(electronic bk.) 010 $z9783031243295 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-031-24330-1 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC7248840 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL7248840 035 $a(OCoLC)1379444501 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-031-24330-1 035 $a(PPN)270614605 035 $a(CKB)26637484700041 035 $a(EXLCZ)9926637484700041 100 $a20230512d2023 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 12$aA Beginner?s Guide to Lasers and Their Applications, Part 1 $eInsights into Laser Science /$fby Dhruba J. Biswas 205 $a1st ed. 2023. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2023. 215 $a1 online resource (331 pages) 225 1 $aUndergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics,$x2192-4805 311 08$aPrint version: Biswas, Dhruba J. A Beginner's Guide to Lasers and Their Applications, Part 1 Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2023 9783031243295 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aChapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Behavior of light -- Chapter 3: Quantization of Energy -- Chapter 4: Lasers ? At a Glance -- Chapter 5: Population Inversion and Consideration of Energy Levels of a lasing medium -- Chapter 6: Cavity and its Bearing on the Operation of Lasers -- Chapter 7: Continuous and Pulsed Lasers -- Chapter 8: Broadening of Gain and its Bearing on the Laser Subtleties -- Chapter 9: Boosting the Performance of a Pulsed Laser -- Chapter 10: Different Types of Lasers -- Chapter 11: Molecular gas lasers -- Chapter 12: Semiconductor lasers. 330 $aThis two-volume book provides an enriching insight into the laser, covering different types of lasers, the basic science behind the technology, their role at the cutting-edge of current scientific research, and their wide-ranging applications. With just high school physics as a prerequisite and favoring qualitative yet scientifically sound explanations over high-level mathematics, this book is aimed at a broad spectrum of readers in physics, chemistry, engineering, medicine, and biology. Its engaging and lucid presentation is enhanced with plenty of illustrations, making the world of the laser accessible to undergraduate students in the sciences and any other inquisitive readers with high school physics under their belts. Furthermore, the text is often laced with anecdotes, picked from history, that are bound to pique the minds of the readers. It is ideal for self-study or as a complement to courses on optics and optoelectronics. This volume, Part 1of 2, explains the fundamentals of optics, what a laser is, how it works, and what is unique about the light it emits, from fundamental quantum theory through population inversion and cavity to common laser types. It is followed by Part 2 which depicts the many advances in science enabled by the laser, including spectroscopy, nonlinear optics, optical cooling and trapping, and optical tweezers, among many others, and provides a glimpse into the ways that the laser affects our lives via its uses in medicine, manufacturing, the nuclear industry, energy, defence, communication, ranging, pollution monitoring, art conservation, fashion, beauty, and entertainment. 410 0$aUndergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics,$x2192-4805 606 $aLasers 606 $aTelecommunication 606 $aSpectrum analysis 606 $aOptical materials 606 $aBiology$xTechnique 606 $aBiophysics 606 $aBiomedical engineering 606 $aLaser 606 $aMicrowaves, RF Engineering and Optical Communications 606 $aSpectroscopy 606 $aOptical Materials 606 $aBiophysical Methods 606 $aBiomedical Devices and Instrumentation 615 0$aLasers. 615 0$aTelecommunication. 615 0$aSpectrum analysis. 615 0$aOptical materials. 615 0$aBiology$xTechnique. 615 0$aBiophysics. 615 0$aBiomedical engineering. 615 14$aLaser. 615 24$aMicrowaves, RF Engineering and Optical Communications. 615 24$aSpectroscopy. 615 24$aOptical Materials. 615 24$aBiophysical Methods. 615 24$aBiomedical Devices and Instrumentation. 676 $a016.37 700 $aBiswas$b D. J.$01867062 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 912 $a9910725095803321 996 $aA Beginner?s Guide to Lasers and Their Applications, Part 1$94474486 997 $aUNINA