LEADER 05727nam 22006975 450 001 9910480287703321 005 20200703000624.0 010 $a1-4757-3058-6 024 7 $a10.1007/978-1-4757-3058-6 035 $a(CKB)2660000000024303 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000931292 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11556067 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000931292 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10872113 035 $a(PQKB)11186031 035 $a(DE-He213)978-1-4757-3058-6 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3085608 035 $a(PPN)238048454 035 $a(EXLCZ)992660000000024303 100 $a20130405d1999 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn#008mamaa 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aElectrochemical Supercapacitors$b[electronic resource] $eScientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications /$fby B. E. Conway 205 $a1st ed. 1999. 210 1$aNew York, NY :$cSpringer US :$cImprint: Springer,$d1999. 215 $a1 online resource (XXX, 698 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a0-306-45736-9 311 $a1-4757-3060-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index 327 $a1 Introduction and Historical Perspective -- 2 Similarities and Differences between Supercapacitors and Batteries for Storing Electrical Energy -- 3 Energetics and Elements of the Kinetics of Electrode Processes -- 4 Elements of Electrostatics Involved in Treatment of Double Layers and Ions at Capacitor Electrode Interphases -- 5 Behavior of Dielectrics in Capacitors and Theories of Dielectric Polarization -- 6 The Double Layer at Capacitor Electrode Interfaces: Its Structure and Capacitance -- 7 Theoretical Treatment and Modeling of the Double Layer at Electrode Interfaces -- 8 Behavior of the Double Layer in Nonaqueous Electrolytes and Nonaqueous Electrolyte Capacitors -- 9 The Double Layer and Surface Functionalities at Carbon -- 10 Electrochemical Capacitors Based on Pseudocapacitance -- 11 The Electrochemical Behavior of Ruthenium Oxide (RuO2) as a Material for Electrochemical Capacitors -- 12 Capacitance Behavior of Films of Conducting, Electrochemically Reactive Polymers -- 13 The Electrolyte Factor in Supercapacitor Design and Performance: Conductivity, Ion Pairing and Solvation -- 14 Electrochemical Behavior at Porous Electrodes; Applications to Capacitors -- 15 Energy Density and Power Density of Electrical Energy Storage Devices -- 16 AC Impedance Behavior of Electrochemical Capacitors and Other Electrochemical Systems -- 17 Treatments of Impedance Behavior of Various Circuits and Modeling of Double-Layer Capacitor Frequency Response -- 18 Self-Discharge of Electrochemical Capacitors in Relation to that at Batteries -- 19 Practical Aspects of Preparation and Evaluation of Electrochemical Capacitors -- 20 Technology Development -- 21 Patent Survey. 330 $aThe first model for the distribution of ions near the surface of a metal electrode was devised by Helmholtz in 1874. He envisaged two parallel sheets of charges of opposite sign located one on the metal surface and the other on the solution side, a few nanometers away, exactly as in the case of a parallel plate capacitor. The rigidity of such a model was allowed for by Gouy and Chapman inde­ pendently, by considering that ions in solution are subject to thermal motion so that their distribution from the metal surface turns out diffuse. Stern recognized that ions in solution do not behave as point charges as in the Gouy-Chapman treatment, and let the center of the ion charges reside at some distance from the metal surface while the distribution was still governed by the Gouy-Chapman view. Finally, in 1947, D. C. Grahame transferred the knowledge of the struc­ ture of electrolyte solutions into the model of a metal/solution interface, by en­ visaging different planes of closest approach to the electrode surface depending on whether an ion is solvated or interacts directly with the solid wall. Thus, the Gouy-Chapman-Stern-Grahame model of the so-called electrical double layer was born, a model that is still qualitatively accepted, although theoreti­ cians have introduced a number of new parameters of which people were not aware 50 years ago. 606 $aElectrochemistry 606 $aPhysical chemistry 606 $aAnalytical chemistry 606 $aElectrical engineering 606 $aMaterials science 606 $aElectrochemistry$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/C21010 606 $aPhysical Chemistry$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/C21001 606 $aAnalytical Chemistry$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/C11006 606 $aElectrical Engineering$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/T24000 606 $aCharacterization and Evaluation of Materials$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/Z17000 615 0$aElectrochemistry. 615 0$aPhysical chemistry. 615 0$aAnalytical chemistry. 615 0$aElectrical engineering. 615 0$aMaterials science. 615 14$aElectrochemistry. 615 24$aPhysical Chemistry. 615 24$aAnalytical Chemistry. 615 24$aElectrical Engineering. 615 24$aCharacterization and Evaluation of Materials. 676 $a541.37 700 $aConway$b B. 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