LEADER 05676nam 22007214a 450 001 9910465142703321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-4356-0684-1 010 $a9786611160388 010 $a0-19-152469-7 010 $a1-281-16038-5 035 $a(CKB)2560000000298320 035 $a(EBL)430810 035 $a(OCoLC)609831339 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000152085 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11165042 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000152085 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10320327 035 $a(PQKB)11284857 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0000072446 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC430810 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL430810 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10180288 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL116038 035 $a(EXLCZ)992560000000298320 100 $a20060327d2006 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aExperimental techniques for low-temperature measurements$b[electronic resource] $ecryostat design, material properties, and superconductor critical-current testing /$fJack W. Ekin 210 $aOxford ;$aNew York $cOxford University Press$d2006 215 $a1 online resource (704 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-19-857054-6 311 $a0-19-171771-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCONTENTS; SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; ABOUT THE AUTHOR; CONTACT INFORMATION; DISCLAIMER; PART I: CRYOSTAT DESIGN AND MATERIALS SELECTION; 1 Introduction to Measurement Cryostats and Cooling Methods; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Cryogenic liquids; 1.3 Introduction to measurement cryostats; 1.4 Examples of measurement cryostats and cooling methods-low transport current ((omitted) 1 A); 1.5 Examples of measurement cryostats and cooling methods-high transport current ((omitted) 1 A); 1.6 Addenda: safety and cryogen handling; 1.7 References; 2 Heat Transfer at Cryogenic Temperatures 327 $a2.1 Introduction2.2 Heat conduction through solids; 2.3 Heat conduction through gases (and liquids); 2.4 Radiative heat transfer; 2.5 Heat conduction across liquid/solid interfaces; 2.6 Heat conduction across solid/solid interfaces; 2.7 Heat conduction across solid/gas interfaces; 2.8 Other heat sources; 2.9 Examples of heat-transfer calculation; 2.10 References; 3 Cryostat Construction; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Material selection for cryostat parts; 3.3 Joining techniques; 3.4 Construction example for a basic dipper probe; 3.5 Sizing of parts for mechanical strength 327 $a3.6 Mechanical motion at cryogenic temperature3.7 Vacuum techniques and seals for cryogenic use; 3.8 Addenda: high and ultrahigh vacuum techniques; 3.9 References; 4 Wiring and Connections; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Wire selection; 4.3 Insulation selection; 4.4 Heat sinks for instrumentation leads; 4.5 Solder connections; 4.6 Sensitive dc voltage leads: techniques for minimizing thermoelectric voltages; 4.7 Vacuum electrical lead-throughs; 4.8 Radio-frequency coaxial cables; 4.9 High-current leads; 4.10 Flexible current leads; 4.11 References; 5 Temperature Measurement and Control 327 $a5.1 Thermometer selection (1-300 K)5.2 Selection of thermometers for use in high magnetic fields; 5.3 Thermometer installation and measurement procedures; 5.4 Controlling temperature; 5.5 Addendum: reference compendium of cryogenic-thermometer properties and application techniques; 5.6 References; 6 Properties of Solids at Low Temperatures; 6.1 Specific heat and thermal diffusivity; 6.2 Thermal expansion/contraction; 6.3 Electrical resistivity; 6.4 Thermal conductivity; 6.5 Magnetic susceptibility; 6.6 Mechanical properties; 6.7 References 327 $aPART II: ELECTRICAL TRANSPORT MEASUREMENTS: SAMPLE HOLDERS AND CONTACTS7 Sample Holders; 7.1 General principles for sample-holder design; 7.2 Four-lead and two-lead electrical transport measurements; 7.3 Bulk sample holders; 7.4 Thin-film sample holders; 7.5 Addenda; 7.6 References; 8 Sample Contacts; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Definition of specific contact resistivity and values for practical applications; 8.3 Contact techniques for high-current superconductors; 8.4 Contact techniques for film superconductors; 8.5 Example calculations of minimum contact area 327 $a8.6 Spreading-resistance effect in thin contact pads and example calculations 330 $aWritten in an accessible and readable style, the book provides a truly integrated, step-by-step approach to the design and construction of low-temperature measurement apparatus. It presents a practical perspective of heat transfer, materials selection, construction techniques, wiring, thermometry, sample mounting, and electrical contacts, and recent developments in superconductor data analysis and scaling theory. The graphs, clear examples, and seventy appendix data tables are a treasure trove of practical information. - ;This book presents a highly integrated, step-by-step approach to the des 606 $aLow temperatures$xMeasurement 606 $aLow temperatures$xInstruments 606 $aLow temperature research 606 $aSuperconductors 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aLow temperatures$xMeasurement. 615 0$aLow temperatures$xInstruments. 615 0$aLow temperature research. 615 0$aSuperconductors. 676 $a536/.54 700 $aEkin$b J. W$0880801 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910465142703321 996 $aExperimental techniques for low-temperature measurements$91967393 997 $aUNINA