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100   $a20100527d2009      uf             0
101 0 $aeng
135   $aurcn|||||||||
181   $ctxt
182   $cc
183   $acr
200 14$aThe challenge of enforcement in the securities markets$b[electronic resource] $emission impossible? /$fprepared by Ana Carvajal and Jennifer Elliott
210   $a[Washington, DC] $cInternational Monetary Fund, MCM$d2009
215   $a1 online resource (39 p.)
225 1 $aIMF working paper ;$vWP/09/168
300   $a"August 2009".
311   $a1-4519-1743-0 
327   $aContents; I. Introduction; II. What is Enforcement?; III. The Importance of Enforcement; IV. Framework for Enforcement; 1. Clear mandate; 2. Broad authority to investigate and obtain evidence; 3. Ability to act immediately; 4. Authority to bring charges and impose a wide range of sanctions; 5. Active criminal enforcement; 6. Ability to provide cooperation to foreign regulators; V. Enforcement Capacity; 1. Independence and political will; 2. Staffing and resources; 3. Adequate organizational structure; 4. Effective court system; VI. Measuring the Effectiveness of Enforcement; VII. Conclusion
330   $aWeaknesses in the enforcement of regulation have been targeted by the G-20 as a priority concern for reform. But enforcement efforts in securities markets have proven difficult and uneven. The recent scandal in the United States, wherein a Ponzi scheme orchestrated by Bernard Madoff went undetected by the U.S. authorities for more than two decades, has once again highlighted the importance of effective enforcement of securities regulation, as well as the challenges that securities regulators around the world face in implementing credible enforcement programs. While in many instances it is
410  0$aIMF working paper ;$vWP/09/168.
606   $aSecurities industry
606   $aSecurities fraud
608   $aElectronic books.
615  0$aSecurities industry.
615  0$aSecurities fraud.
700   $aCarvajal$b Ana$0971052
701   $aElliott$b Jennifer A.$f1962-$035241
712 02$aInternational Monetary Fund.$bMonetary and Capital Markets Dept.
801  0$bMiAaPQ
801  1$bMiAaPQ
801  2$bMiAaPQ
906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910464002703321
996   $aThe challenge of enforcement in the securities markets$92273584
997   $aUNINA