LEADER 03407nam 2200673Ia 450 001 9910463865003321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-283-58434-4 010 $a9786613896797 010 $a1-60344-779-2 035 $a(CKB)3170000000046557 035 $a(EBL)1056982 035 $a(OCoLC)802047639 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000601888 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11422821 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000601888 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10566346 035 $a(PQKB)10319849 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1056982 035 $a(OCoLC)808817575 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse19792 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1056982 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10572638 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL389679 035 $a(EXLCZ)993170000000046557 100 $a20111209d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|||||||nn|n 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aMilitarizing the border$b[electronic resource] $ewhen Mexicans became the enemy /$fMiguel Antonio Levario 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aCollege Station $cTexas A&M University Press$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (218 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-60344-758-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCowboys and bandidos: a reexamination of the Texas Rangers -- Muerte a los gringos: the Santa Ysabel Massacre and the El Paso Race Riot of 1916 -- How Mexicans die: the El Paso city jailhouse holocaust -- Viva Villa: the Columbus Raid and the rise of the Mexican enemy -- Agents under fire: prohibition, immigration, and border law enforcement -- Conclusion -- Epilogue: where the bad guys are -- Appendix 1. Post returns for Fort Biss, 1910-16 -- Appendix 2. Demographic growth in El Paso county and city, 1880-1930 -- Appendix 3. Special census of the population of El Paso, Texas, 1916. 330 $aAs historian Miguel Antonio Levario explains in this timely book, current tensions and controversy over immigration and law enforcement issues centered on the US-Mexico border are only the latest evidence of a long-standing atmosphere of uncertainty and mistrust plaguing this region. Militarizing the Border: When Mexicans Became the Enemy, focusing on El Paso and its environs, examines the history of the relationship among law enforcement, military, civil, and political institutions, and local communities. In the years between 1895 and 1940, West Texas experienced intense military 606 $aViolence$zTexas, West$xHistory$y20th century 606 $aMexican Americans$zTexas$xEthnic identity 607 $aMexican-American Border Region$xEthnic relations$xHistory$y20th century 607 $aEl Paso (Tex.)$xEthnic relations$xHistory$y20th century 607 $aTexas, West$xEthnic relations$xHistory$y20th century 607 $aUnited States$xForeign relations$zMexico$xHistory$y20th century 607 $aMexico$xForeign relations$zUnited States$xHistory$y20th century 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aViolence$xHistory 615 0$aMexican Americans$xEthnic identity. 676 $a972/.1 700 $aLevario$b Miguel Antonio$f1977-$0977726 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910463865003321 996 $aMilitarizing the border$92227453 997 $aUNINA