LEADER 05237nam 22006373u 450 001 9910462398903321 005 20210114204630.0 010 $a1-283-45834-9 010 $a9786613458346 035 $a(CKB)2670000000211041 035 $a(EBL)958354 035 $a(OCoLC)798530645 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC958354 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000211041 100 $a20130418d2012|||| u|| | 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 200 10$aThinking and Reasoning$b[electronic resource] $eAn Introduction to the Psychology of Reason, Judgment and Decision Making 210 $aHoboken $cTaylor and Francis$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (329 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-136-29524-0 311 $a1-84169-740-0 327 $aCover; Thinking and Reasoning; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1 : Judging and thinking about probability; Defining probability; Logical possibility; Frequency; Propensity; Degree of belief; Belief revision: Bayes' rule; Judging plain probalities; Logical possibilities; Frequencies; Taking samples: where our information comes from; Belief updating; Base rates: neglect or respect?; Belief revision by natural frequencies; Probability from the inside and the outside; The planning fallacy; Overconfi dence; The conjunction fallacy; Summary 327 $aChapter 2 : The study of reasoning: classic researchThe classical syllogism: reasoning with quantities; Validity; Reasoning with syllogisms; Patterns in human performance; Explaining the patterns of performance; Mental logic; Mental models; Probability heuristics; Summary; Chapter 3 : Reasoning with propositions; If: conditionals; Knowing p , knowing q : inferences and truth tables; Research results; The Wason selection task; Reasoning with Or: disjunctives; Research results; Wason's THOG problem; Summary; Chapter 4 : Reasoning and meaning; Facilitation: the study of content effects 327 $aDeontic reasoning: thinking about rulesPragmatic reasoning schemas; Evolutionary approaches to deontic reasoning; Decision-theoretic approaches; Causal reasoning: thinking about how the world works; Causal reasoning about general events; The covariational approach to causal thinking; Prior knowledge and causal models; Causal models theory; Single cases and counterfactual thinking; Summary; Chapter 5 : Explaining reasoning: the classic approaches; Mental logic; Braine and O'Brien's theory of If; Rips' Psycop theory; The theory of mental models; Mental models and conditionals 327 $aThe selection taskContent and context; Illusory inferences; Causal and counterfactual reasoning; Summary; Chapter 6 : Explaining reasoning: the 'new paradigm'; Oaksford and Chater's Bayesian theory; Rational analysis; Matching bias; The deontic selection task; Conditional inference; Evans and Over's suppositional theory; The dual process theory; Dual processes in the selection task; Belief bias in syllogistic reasoning; Heuristic and analytic processes; Dual processes and dual systems; Dual minds; Summary; Chapter 7 : Hypothetical thinking: induction and testing; Induction 327 $aInduction and deductionCategory-based induction; Extensions and explanations; Category-based induction without categories; Abduction: fi nding explanations and causes; Induction and deduction revisited; Hypothesis testing; Wason's 2 4 6 task and its descendants; Confi rmation bias; Better hypothesis testing; Hypothesis testing in the wild; Hypothetical thinking theory; Summary; Chapter 8 : Decision making: preference and prospects; Subjective expected utility; Principles and problems; Complex decisions; Preference; Different utilities; Competing options; Framing: the effects of description 327 $aProspect theory: a descriptive theory of decision making 330 $aThe area of psychological research reviewed in this book is one that is not only increasing in popularity in college curricula, but is also making an ever larger impact on the world outside the classroom. Drawing upon research originally cited in Ken Manktelow's highly successful publication Reasoning and Thinking, this completely rewritten textbook reflects on the revolutionary changes that have occurred in the field in recent years, stemming from the huge expansion in research output, as well as new methods and explanations, and the appearance of numerous books on the subject aim 606 $aCognition 606 $aCognition 606 $aDecision making 606 $aDecision making 606 $aReasoning (Psychology) 606 $aThought and thinking 606 $aThought and thinking 608 $aElectronic books. 615 4$aCognition. 615 4$aCognition. 615 4$aDecision making. 615 4$aDecision making. 615 4$aReasoning (Psychology). 615 4$aThought and thinking. 615 4$aThought and thinking. 676 $a153.4/2 676 $a153.42 676 $a153.43 700 $aManktelow$b Ken$0883677 801 0$bAU-PeEL 801 1$bAU-PeEL 801 2$bAU-PeEL 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910462398903321 996 $aThinking and Reasoning$91973720 997 $aUNINA