LEADER 05488nam 2200709 a 450 001 9910461844603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-280-87865-7 010 $a9786613719966 010 $a0-8213-9550-5 035 $a(CKB)2670000000208514 035 $a(EBL)953214 035 $a(OCoLC)798536280 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000677937 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12347296 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000677937 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10696987 035 $a(PQKB)10061862 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC953214 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL953214 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10578613 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL371996 035 $a(OCoLC)808347805 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000208514 100 $a20120322d2012 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aIn from the shadow$b[electronic resource] $eintegrating Europe's informal labor /$fTruman Packard, Johannes Koettl, Claudio E. Montenegro 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cWorld Bank$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (196 p.) 225 1 $aDirections in development. Human development 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8213-9549-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aContents; Acknowledgments; About the Authors; Abbreviations; Overview; What Is the Shadow Economy?; Why Does It Matter?; Figures; O.1 The Shadow Economy as a Percentage of Recorded GDP, Various Countries, 2007; O.2 Informal Work as a Percentage of the Labor Force; Who Is Working Informally in Europe's Shadow Economy?; Boxes; O.1 The Shadow Economy and Informal Employment: Terms Used in This Book; Structural Incentives Are Important, Particularly Taxation; Formal Work Should "Pay" for Low-Wage Earners; Labor Market Regulation Should Promote Formal Job Creation 327 $aBuilding Institutional Credibility and Trust in the State Is CriticalNotes; References; Chapter 1 Informal Employment in Europe's Shadow Economy; Europe's Informal Employment in Context; 1.1 Estimates of the Size of the Shadow Economy as a Percentage of GDP; 1.1 Grasping at Shadows? The Shadow Economy as a Percentage of GDP; 1.2 Percentage of the Labor Force in Informal Employment: Firm Size Criterion for Dependent Employed; 1.3 Percentage of the Labor Force in Informal Employment: Social Insurance Criterion for Dependent Employed; Tables 327 $a1.1 Informality Rates across Different Groups in Six New Member States, 2008 (percent)1.4 Extent of Informal Work by Contract Criterion; Profile of People Working Informally; 1.5 Informal Work in Europe Is Mainly Taken Up by Men; 1.6 Age Profile of People in Formal and Informal Employment; 1.7 Educational Attainment of People in Formal and Informal Employment; 1.8 Distribution of the Formally and Informally Employed across Skilled and Nonskilled, Manual and Nonmanual Work; 1.9 Distribution of Formally and Informally Employed across Economic Sectors 327 $a1.10 Informal Workers Who Say That They Belong to Groups Suffering Discrimination1.11 Are Those Working Informally More Likely to Belong to a Native Ethnic Minority?; 1.12 Share of Immigrants without the Right to Work because of Nationality in Formal and Informal Employment; 1.13 Share of Natives with Immigrant Background and Immigrants with the Right to Work because of Nationality in Formal and Informal Employment; The Economic Cycle and Movement across the Labor Market; 1.14 Informal Workers Who Have Experienced Long-Term Unemployment 327 $a1.15 In Most of Europe, Informal Employment Falls as Unemployment Rises1.16 Probability of Informal Work in Poland Grew in the High-Growth Years; 1.17 In Romania Movement from Unemployment into Informal Work Was Greater and Faster than into Formal Work; 1.18 The Share of the Labor Force in Informal Work Was Relatively Stable in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic; 1.19 The Probability of Moving from Formal Employment and Informal Employment to Unemployment Was Similar in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic; Notes; References 327 $aChapter 2 Conceptual Framework: More than Structural Incentives 330 $aWhat to do about the extent of unregulated informal employment and the size of the shadow economy is a dilemma that has been gaining urgency, particularly in Europe's periphery. The forces that accompany globalization put a premium on mobility and skill-renewal. Rapid population ageing will require that people work longer and be far more productive. To achieve this, social and economic institutions have to be more pro-employment, encouraging greater participation in the formal economy. And looking ahead, public financial resources will be increasingly scarce, giving urgency to measures that ca 410 0$aDirections in development (Washington, D.C.).$pHuman development. 606 $aInformal sector (Economics)$xTaxation$zEurope 606 $aTaxation$zEurope 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aInformal sector (Economics)$xTaxation 615 0$aTaxation 676 $a331 700 $aPackard$b Truman$0908412 701 $aKoettl$b Johannes$01051867 701 $aMontenegro$b Claudio$01051868 712 02$aWorld Bank. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910461844603321 996 $aIn from the shadow$92482681 997 $aUNINA