LEADER 04103nam 2200613 a 450 001 9910461086803321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-57922-531-4 035 $a(CKB)2670000000160203 035 $a(EBL)911865 035 $a(OCoLC)787851524 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000622907 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12220180 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000622907 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10642860 035 $a(PQKB)10688203 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC911865 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL911865 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10545763 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000160203 100 $a20100423d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aGateway to opportunity?$b[electronic resource] $ea history of the community college in the United States /$fJ.M. Beach ; foreword by W. Norton Grubb 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aSterling, Va. $cStylus Pub.$d2011 215 $a1 online resource (234 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-57922-451-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; CONTENTS; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; FOREWORD; PREFACE: The Institutionalization of Community Colleges; The State of the Union; The Institutional Effectiveness Movement and Higher Education; What Is an Institution?; The Community College: A Contradictory Institution; 1. THE CREATION AND INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF JUNIOR COLLEGES IN THE UNITED STATES, 1900-1980's; An Aristocracy of Talent: The Origins of Higher Education in the United States; Educational Innovation: The Creation of Junior Colleges, 1900-1940's 327 $aA Reformation: The Reinstitutionalization of Community Colleges Due to Increasing Student Access, 1950's-1960-s Community Colleges, Segregation, and Equality, 1960's-1980's; Whither To? Reaching a Plateau of Orthodoxy, 1970's-1980's; 2. INSTITUTIONAL AMBIGUITY: Continued Struggles of the Contradictory College; A Critique of Orthodoxy: The New Left Evaluates Community Colleges, 1970s-1980s; Revised but Confused Orthodoxy: The Contradictory Community College's New Missions, 1990's-2000's; Are There Economic Returns to Community College Credentials? An Economic Assessment, 1990-2010 327 $a3. OVERBURDENED AND UNDERFUNDED: The California Community College Origins of the California Junior College; Massification of Higher Education and Postwar Planning; Segregated Education in California and the Junior College; The California Postsecondary Education Commission; The Master Plan Revised: Declining Budgets and a New System of Accountability; Conclusion: Accounting and Accountability; 4. THE AMBIGUOUS LEGACY OF THE COMMUNITY COLLEGE: Policy, Administrative, and Educational Implications; The Reduction of Education to Human Capital 327 $aThe Legacy of the Community College: A Limited Opportunity Institutional Reform? Three Principles for Policy Makers; NOTES; SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY; ABOUT THE AUTHOR; INDEX; 330 $aCommunity colleges hold immense promise if they can overcome their historical legacy and be re-institutionalized with unified missions, clear goals of educational success, and adequate financial resources. This book presents the history in all its complexity so that policy makers and practitioners might better understand the constraints of the past in an effort to realize the possibilities of the future. 606 $aCommunity colleges$zUnited States$xHistory 606 $aCommunity college students$zUnited States$xHistory 606 $aCollege students$xConduct of life$xHistory 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aCommunity colleges$xHistory. 615 0$aCommunity college students$xHistory. 615 0$aCollege students$xConduct of life$xHistory. 676 $a378.1/5430973 700 $aBeach$b J. M$g(Josh M.)$0963351 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910461086803321 996 $aGateway to opportunity$92184271 997 $aUNINA