LEADER 03982nam 2200673 450 001 9910460319703321 005 20210511020231.0 024 7 $a10.7312/mcgr16914 035 $a(CKB)3710000000414830 035 $a(EBL)1974584 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001520060 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11802081 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001520060 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11526272 035 $a(PQKB)11193125 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0001171068 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1974584 035 $a(DE-B1597)458432 035 $a(OCoLC)979953879 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780231539258 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1974584 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11055806 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL792629 035 $a(OCoLC)908305460 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000414830 100 $a20150525h20152015 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnnu---|u||u 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aRace and real estate $econflict and cooperation in Harlem, 1890-1920 /$fKevin McGruder 210 1$aNew York, New York :$cColumbia University Press,$d2015. 210 4$dİ2015 215 $a1 online resource (290 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 0 $a0-231-53925-8 311 0 $a0-231-16914-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tCONTENTS --$tACKNOWLEDGMENTS --$tINTRODUCTION --$t1. BLACK AND WHITE NEW YORKERS --$t2. THE END OF THE AFRICAN AMERICAN WELCOME IN HARLEM --$t3. FROM EVICTION TO CONTAINMENT --$t4. THE BATTLE FOR CHURCH PROPERTIES --$t5. AFRICAN AMERICAN YOUTH IN HARLEM --$t6. REAL ESTATE AND POLITICS --$t7. THE GROWTH IN PROPERTY OWNERSHIP BY AFRICAN AMERICANS IN HARLEM --$tCONCLUSION --$tNOTES --$tBIBLIOGRAPHY --$tINDEX 330 $aThrough the lens of real estate transactions from 1890 to 1920, Kevin McGruder offers an innovative perspective on Harlem's history and reveals the complex interactions between whites and African Americans at a critical time of migration and development. During these decades Harlem saw a dramatic increase in its African American population, and although most histories speak only of the white residents who met these newcomers with hostility, this book uncovers a range of reactions. Although some white Harlem residents used racially restrictive real estate practices to inhibit the influx of African Americans into the neighborhood, others believed African Americans had a right to settle in a place they could afford and helped facilitate sales. These years saw Harlem change not into a "ghetto," as many histories portray, but into a community that became a symbol of the possibilities and challenges black populations faced across the nation. This book also introduces alternative reasons behind African Americans' migration to Harlem, showing that they came not to escape poverty but to establish a lasting community. Owning real estate was an essential part of this plan, along with building churches, erecting youth-serving facilities, and gaining power in public office. In providing a fuller, more nuanced history of Harlem, McGruder adds greater depth in understanding its development and identity as both an African American and a biracial community. 606 $aAfrican Americans$zNew York (State)$zNew York$xHistory 606 $aRacism$zNew York (State)$zNew York$xHistory 606 $aSocial conflict$zNew York (State)$zNew York$xHistory 607 $aHarlem (New York, N.Y.)$xHistory 607 $aHarlem (New York, N.Y.)$xRace relations 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aAfrican Americans$xHistory. 615 0$aRacism$xHistory. 615 0$aSocial conflict$xHistory. 676 $a305.8009747/1 700 $aMcGruder$b Kevin$f1957-$01053296 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910460319703321 996 $aRace and real estate$92485131 997 $aUNINA