LEADER 05689nam 2200673 a 450 001 9910457791303321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a92-2-122720-0 035 $a(CKB)2550000000065272 035 $a(EBL)809098 035 $a(OCoLC)767502530 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000635921 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12266150 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000635921 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10653202 035 $a(PQKB)11204328 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC809098 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL809098 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10512110 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000065272 100 $a20100226d2009 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aGlobalization and informal jobs in developing countries$b[electronic resource] /$fprepared by Marc Bacchetta, Ekkehard Ernst, Juana P. Bustamante 210 $aGeneva $cInternational Labour Organization $cWorld Trade Organization$dc2009 215 $a1 online resource (191 p.) 300 $a"A joint study of the International Labour Organization and the Secretariat of the World Trade Organization." 311 $a92-2-122719-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 149-161). 327 $aCover; Title page; Copyright information; CONTENTS; Acknowledgements; Foreword; Executive summary; Chapter 1: Globalization and informality in times of crisis; A. Labour markets in open developing economies; B. Key facts on globalization, trade and informal employment in developing countries; C. Improving social equity and efficiency by battling informality; Chapter 2: Varieties of informality; A. Three views of the informal economy; B. A unifying model: multi-segmented labour markets; C. Definitions: making informality concepts operational; D. The crux of measurement 327 $aChapter 3: Openess to trade and informality A. How does trade opening affect informal employment and wages?; B. What does the evidence tell us?; Chapter 4. Impact of informality on trade and growth; A. How does informality shape macroeconomic performance?; B. Informality and macroeconomic performance: empirical evidence; Chapter 5: Economic resilience: dynamics of informality; A. Transmission mechanisms of shocks in informal labour markets; B. Informality and business cycles; C. Capital flows and informality; Chapter 6: Globalization and informal employment: an empirical assessment 327 $aA. Setting the stage B. The impact of globalization on informal employment; C. Does informal employment lock countries into trade patterns?; Chapter 7: Robust policies for an uncertain world; A. Formalization of firms; B. Supporting transitions from informal jobs to formal employment; C. Employment-friendly trade policies; D. Coherence between trade and labour market policy; References; Annex 1: Data description; A. Informality measures; B. Economic and social indicators used in the empirical analysis; Annex 2: Technical details to the empirical analysis; A. Methodological considerations 327 $aB. Detailed regression results C. Robustness checks; Table of illustrations; Figure 1.1 Own-account and contributing family workers (relative to total employment, in per cent); Figure 1.2 Informality around the world (relative to total employment, in per cent); Figure 1.3, Within-region variation of informality rates (relative to total employment, in per cent); Figure 1.4 Informal economy (relative to GDP, in per cent); Figure 1.5 Shadow economy (relative to GDP, in per cent); Figure 1.6 Incidence of informality by skill level (relative to total employment, in per cent) 327 $aFigure 1.7 Status in informal employment in Latin America (2006) (relative to total informal employment, in per cent)Figure 1.8 Informality and economic development; Figure 1.9 Trade openness and informality in Asia; Figure 1.10 Foreign direct investment and informality in Latin America; Figure 2.1 Multi-segmented labour markets; Figure 5.1 Informality and the long-term sustainability of growth (1990-2006); Figure 6.1 Globalization and other economic influences on informal employment; Figure 6.2 The impact of policies and regulation on informality 327 $aFigure 6.3 Determinants of export concentration 330 $aThis study is a product of the collaborative research programme of the International Institute for Labour Studies at the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the Secretariat of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Following up on the joint review of the literature on Trade and Employment, published in 2007, it focuses on the linkages between globalization and informal employment in developing countries. World trade has expanded significantly in recent years, making a major contribution to global growth. Economic growth has not led to a corresponding improvement in working conditions and 606 $aInformal sector (Economics)$zDeveloping countries 606 $aLabor market$zDeveloping countries 606 $aGlobalization$xEconomic aspects 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aInformal sector (Economics) 615 0$aLabor market 615 0$aGlobalization$xEconomic aspects. 676 $a331.0413 700 $aBacchetta$b Marc$0891996 701 $aErnst$b Ekkehard$ceconomist.$0891997 701 $aBustamante$b Juana P$0891998 712 02$aInternational Labour Organization. 712 02$aWorld Trade Organization. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910457791303321 996 $aGlobalization and informal jobs in developing countries$91992113 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04934nam 22006374a 450 001 9910455772203321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-280-82915-X 010 $a9786610829156 010 $a0-85199-886-0 035 $a(CKB)111090529199326 035 $a(EBL)293858 035 $a(OCoLC)437179706 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000197079 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11185690 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000197079 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10155108 035 $a(PQKB)10098117 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC293858 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL293858 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10172430 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL82915 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111090529199326 100 $a20001221d2002 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aManaging plant genetic diversity$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by Johannes M.M. Engels ...[et al.] 210 $aOxon, UK $cCABI Pub.$dc2002 215 $a1 online resource (506 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-85199-522-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aContributors; Foreword; Jack Hawkes: Plant Collector, Researcher, Educator and Visionary; The Evolution of Plant Genetic Resources and the Work of O.H. Frankel; 1 The History of ex situ Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources; 2 The Past, Present and Future Contributions of Farmers to the Conservation and Development of Genetic Diversity; 3 The Impact of Gene Technologies on the Use of Genetic Resources; 4 The New Genetic Era: Will it Help us in Managing Genetic Diversity?; 5 DNA Polymorphisms in Accessions of Nephelium lappaceum L. 327 $a6 Molecular Analysis of Phylogenetic Relationships among Coconut Accessions 7 Molecular Characterization of Gossypium Germplasm for Cotton Improvement; 8 Molecular Analysis of the Origin and Domestication of Theobroma cacao L.; 9 Technologies and Strategies for ex situ Conservation; 10 The Establishment of a Regional Germplasm Centre in the Pacific Island Region; 11 Accession Management Strategies: Splitting and Lumping; 12 The Deployment and Management of Genetic Diversity in Agroecosystems; 13 Combining Static and Dynamic Management of PGR: a Case Study of Beta Genetic Resources 327 $a14 Rice, Farmers and Genebanks: a Case Study in the Cagayan Valley, Philippines 15 A Study on the On-farm Maintenance of Farmers' Varieties of Sorghum in Malawi; 16 The Role of Bioinformatics in Germplasm Conservation and Use; 17 Distributed Databases Retrieval Systems in Germany as a National Approach in an International Context; 18 The Potential Role of Passport Data in the Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources; 19 In situ Conservation of Wild Species Related to Crop Plants: the Case of Turkey 327 $a20 Metapopulation Dynamics of Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) in the Central Valley of Costa Rica 21 Inventories for in situ Conservation of Broad-leaved Forest Genetic Resources in South-eastern Europe; 22 Forest Genebanks: a New Approach to Conserving Forest Tree Genetic Resources; 23 Human Impacts on the Coffea arabica Genepool in Ethiopia and the Need for its in situ Conservation; 24 Indicators for Sustainable Management of Plant Genetic Resources: How Well are we Doing?; 25 Decision-making Strategies for Conservation and Use of Forest Genetic Resources 327 $a26 Germplasm Enhancement to Sustain Genetic Gains in Crop Improvement 27 Genetic Base Broadening in Autogamous Crops: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. as a Model; 28 An Enhancement Strategy for Rice Germplasm: DNA Marker-assisted Identification of Beneficial QTL for Resistance to Rice Blast; 29 Prebreeding in Sugarcane with an Emphasis on the Programme of the Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute; 30 Underutilized Crops: Trends, Challenges and Opportunities in the 21st Century; 31 An Initiative in Exploration and Management of Plant Genetic Diversity in Saudi Arabia 327 $a32 Mushroom Breeding and Cultivation Enhances ex situ Conservation of Mediterranean Pleurotus Taxa 330 $aThis text contains edited and revised papers from a conference on ''Science and Technology for Managing Plant Genetic Diversity in the 21st Century'' held in Malaysia in June 2000, organised by the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). 606 $aGermplasm resources, Plant$xManagement 606 $aCrops$xGermplasm resources$xManagement 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aGermplasm resources, Plant$xManagement. 615 0$aCrops$xGermplasm resources$xManagement. 676 $a333.95/34 701 $aEngels$b Jan$0983477 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910455772203321 996 $aManaging plant genetic diversity$92245069 997 $aUNINA