LEADER 05192nam 2200637 a 450 001 9910457678303321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-283-35969-3 010 $a9786613359698 010 $a90-272-8080-0 035 $a(CKB)2550000000073842 035 $a(EBL)805806 035 $a(OCoLC)608108905 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000637803 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11396351 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000637803 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10707433 035 $a(PQKB)11027735 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC805806 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL805806 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10517204 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000073842 100 $a19830921d1981 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aLexical innovation$b[electronic resource] $ea study of slang, colloquialisms and casual speech /$fKarl Sornig 210 $aAmsterdam $cBenjamins$d1981 215 $a1 online resource (125 p.) 225 1 $aPragmatics & beyond,$x0166-6258 ;$v2:5 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a90-272-2518-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aLEXICAL INNOVATION A Study of Slang, Colloquialisms and Casual Speech; Editorial page; Title page; Copyright page; Table of contents; 0. BY WAY OF INTRODUCTION; 1. SUBSTANDARD LANGUAGE; 1.1 Borrowings : foreign sources; 1.2 Loans from other sociolects or dialects; 1.3 The fascination of antiquity; 1.3.1. Slang-Etymologies; 1.3.2. Eclipse of etymological memory; 1.3.3. Creative misunderstanding: folk-etymology; 1.4 Ascendance and decline; 1.5. Meaning reception and semantic shift; 1.6. The ephemerity of slangisms; 1.7. Neologisms; 2. STRUCTURES AND MANIPULATIONS 327 $a2.1.Dissimitative morphophonemic manipulations2.2. Assimilative/associative manipulations; 2.2.1. Rhyming and alliteration; 2.2.2. Reduplication; 2.3. Onomatopoeia and morphophonologioal symbolization (LautSymbolik); 2.4. Revitalisation and activation of the morpheme potential; 2.5. Proper names and generic nouns; 2.6. Intensifiers; 2.7 Invectives and expletives; 2.8. Syntagms; 3. SLANG, AND THE UNIVERSE OF METAPHORICAL LANGUAGE; 3.1. Contiguity relations; 3.1.1. Pars pro toto; 3.1.2. Other contiguity relations; 3.1.3. Absurdities, great and small; 3.1.4. Animal and plant metaphors 327 $a3.1.5. Lexical paraphrases of metaphors3.2. Reduction vs. extension of semantic content: quantitative manipulations; 3.3. Qualitative manipulations: euphemisms and pejoratives; 3.4. Componential re-arrangement: focusing and shifting of semantic features; 3.4.1. Semantic (metaphorical) activation; 3.4.2. Antonyms; 3.5. ""Fertile"" semantic areas; 3.5.1. The lexicon of the human body; a) Parts of the body; b) Bodily functions, sexual and otherwise; 3.5.2. Eating and drinking, alcohol, cigarettes etc; 3.5.3. Mental and physical deficiencies, diseases, and death 327 $a3.5.4. Money, payment, and insolvency3.5.5. Other areas; 3.6. Metaphorical parallelism; 3.7. Downright absurdities; 4. SOME REASONS FOR VARIABILITY: RULES AND THEIR USERS; 4.1. Oral communication; 4.2. Rule-abiding and rule-transcending linguistic behaviour; 4.3. Subcultures under innovational stress and their languages; 4.4. Persuasive Language; 4.5. The poeticity of slang; 4.6. Language born from fear: language taboo; 4.7. Pathological and developmental linguistic deficiencies; 5. SOME PURPOSES: DISTANCE, PARODY, RE-INTERPRETATION AND RE-EVALUATION 327 $a5.1. The evaluation of reality by re-interpretation and re-naming5.2. Stigmatized language variants: innovative deviation; 5.3. Emotionali zation and the Promethean principle of innovation; 5.4. Aggressiveness and Fun; 5.5. Language as a toy, a game; 5,5,1. Linguistic playfulness: a universal; 5.5.2. Punning; 5.5.3. Masquerading Foreignness: Maccavonisms; 5.5.4. Nonsense, delightful and powerful; 5.5.5. Nonsense, literary; 5.5.6. New sense created by nonsense; 5.6. The insufficient translatability of connotations; 5.7. Conventionalization in the making; FOOTNOTES; REFERENCES 330 $aIn addition to borrowing from various foreign sources, the main origins of slang terms are the activation and revitalization of existing morphological and lexical material. Metaphorical manipulation of lexical items, as the main device used for the production of slangisms, shows remarkable similarities in languages otherwise quite different from each other. 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