LEADER 03141nam 22006012 450 001 9910457560703321 005 20151005020621.0 010 $a1-107-16305-6 010 $a1-280-70326-1 010 $a0-511-23142-3 010 $a0-511-23065-6 010 $a0-511-22903-8 010 $a0-511-33155-X 010 $a0-511-49079-8 010 $a0-511-22987-9 035 $a(CKB)1000000000352825 035 $a(EBL)275238 035 $a(OCoLC)252530379 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000292428 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11213233 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000292428 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10269161 035 $a(PQKB)10007515 035 $a(UkCbUP)CR9780511490798 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC275238 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL275238 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10150242 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL70326 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000352825 100 $a20090302d2004|||| uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aCondorcet and modernity /$fby David Williams$b[electronic resource] 210 1$aCambridge :$cCambridge University Press,$d2004. 215 $a1 online resource (xi, 306 pages) $cdigital, PDF file(s) 300 $aTitle from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015). 311 $a0-521-04464-2 311 $a0-521-84139-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 288-300) and indexes. 327 $g1.$tProfile of a political life --$g2.$tHuman nature and human rights --$g3.$tThe civil order --$g4.$tManaging enlightenment --$g5.$tReform and the moral order --$g6.$tNew constructions of equality --$g7.$tJustice and the law --$g8.$tRepresentative government --$g9.$tThe economic order --$g10.$tManaging the revolution --$tConclusion : the human odyssey. 330 $aThe Marquis de Condorcet was one of the few Enlightenment ideologists to witness the French Revolution and participate as an elected politician at the centre of events during France's transition from monarchy to republic. Condorcet and Modernity explores the interaction between Condorcet's political theory, legislative pragmatism, public policy proposals and the management of change. David Williams examines key topics including rights, the civil order, the Church, the slave trade, women's civil rights, judicial reform, voting and representation, economics, monarchy, power and revolution. He explores the complex links between Condorcet as the visionary ideologist and Condorcet as the pragmatic legislator, and between Condorcet's concept of modernity - the application of 'social arithmetic' to government policies. Based on an extensive array of both printed and manuscript sources, this major contribution to enlightenment studies is a full treatment of Condorcet's politics. 517 3 $aCondorcet & Modernity 676 $a320/.01 700 $aWilliams$b David$f1938 May 22-$01029079 801 0$bUkCbUP 801 1$bUkCbUP 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910457560703321 996 $aCondorcet and modernity$92445330 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05319nam 22006614a 450 001 9910829913603321 005 20170815122426.0 010 $a1-281-28527-7 010 $a9786611285272 010 $a0-470-28636-9 010 $a0-470-28635-0 035 $a(CKB)1000000000405679 035 $a(EBL)335792 035 $a(OCoLC)476150923 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000140407 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11148343 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000140407 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10053270 035 $a(PQKB)10583983 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC335792 035 $a(PPN)184709970 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000405679 100 $a20071115d2008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aDNA interactions with polymers and surfactants$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by Rita Dias and Bjo?rn Lindman 210 $aHoboken, N.J. $cJohn Wiley$dc2008 215 $a1 online resource (436 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-470-25818-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aDNA INTERACTIONS WITH POLYMERS AND SURFACTANTS; CONTENTS; Preface; Contributors; 1 Polyelectrolytes. Physicochemical Aspects and Biological Significance; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Polyelectrolytes and Biological Function; 1.3 Electrostatic Interactions; 1.3.1 Ion Distributions and the Poisson-Boltzmann Equation; 1.3.2 Debye-Hu?ckel Theory; 1.4 Solution Properties; 1.5 Flexibility; 1.5.1 The Concept of Persistence Length; 1.5.2 Interactions and the Separation of Length Scales; 1.5.3 Polyelectrolyte Behavior: Electrostatic Persistence Length; 1.5.4 DNA Persistence Length; References 327 $a2 Solution Behavior of Nucleic Acids2.1 Biological Function of Nucleic Acids; 2.2 Discovery of DNA; 2.3 Structure of Nucleic Acids; 2.3.1 DNA; 2.3.2 RNA; 2.3.3 Analogues of Nucleic Acids; 2.4 Nuclei Acids Nanostructures; 2.4.1 DNA; 2.4.2 RNA; 2.5 Behavior of DNA in Solution; 2.5.1 Ionization Equilibrium; 2.5.2 Flexibility of Nucleic Acids; 2.6 Melting of Double-Stranded DNA; 2.6.1 Effect of Base Composition; 2.6.2 Effect of Ionic Strength; 2.6.3 Effect of pH; 2.6.4 Dependence on DNA Chain Length; 2.6.5 Dependence on DNA Concentration; Acknowledgments; References 327 $a3 Single DNA Molecules: Compaction and Decompaction3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Condensation and Compaction of DNA by Surfactants; 3.2.1 Linear DNA Condensation/Compaction by Positively Charged Surfactants; 3.2.2 Compaction of Plasmid DNA with Surfactants; 3.2.3 Non-ionic Surfactants; 3.2.4 Zwitterionic Surfactants; 3.2.5 Decompaction of DNA-Surfactant Complex; 3.3 DNA Condensation by Cationic Liposomes; 3.4 DNA Compaction and Decompaction by Multivalent Cations; 3.5 DNA Compaction by Polycations; 3.6 Compaction of DNA in a Crowded Environment of Neutral Polymer; 3.7 Conclusion; References 327 $a4 Interaction of DNA with Surfactants in Solution4.1 Introduction; 4.1.1 Surfactants; 4.1.2 Polymer-Surfactant Interactions; 4.1.3 Polyelectrolyte-Oppositely Charged Surfactant Interactions; 4.1.4 DNA-Surfactant Interactions; 4.2 DNA-Cationic Surfactant Interactions; 4.2.1 Solution Behavior; 4.2.2 Effect of the Surfactant Chain Length; 4.2.3 Effect of the Surfactant Head-group; 4.2.4 Structure of DNA-Surfactant Complexes; 4.2.5 DNA Is an Amphiphilic Polyelectrolyte; 4.3 DNA Covalent Gels and Their Interaction with Surfactants; 4.4 Applications; 4.4.1 Control of DNA Compaction/Decompaction 327 $a4.4.2 Purification4.4.3 Gene Transfection; Acknowledgments; References; 5 Interaction of DNA with Cationic Polymers; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Theory of DNA Interacting with Polycations; 5.2.1 Manning Condensation; 5.2.2 Counterion Release; 5.2.3 Short-Range Attractive Force due to Ion Correlations; 5.2.4 Phase Diagrams of Condensed DNA-Polycation Phases; 5.2.5 Finite-Size Aggregates; 5.3 Condensation of DNA, Phase Diagram, and Structure; 5.3.1 Short Polycations and Multivalent Cations; 5.3.2 Long Polycations and Basic Proteins; 5.4 Formation of Polycation-DNA Complexes: Polyplexes 327 $a5.5 DNA-Nanoparticles for Gene Delivery 330 $aA broad overview of the interaction of DNA with surfactants and polymers Due to the potential benefits of biotechnology, interest in the interaction between DNA and surfactants and polymers has become increasingly significant. Now, DNA Interactions with Polymers and Surfactants provides an extensive, up-to-date overview of the subject, giving readers a basis for understanding the factors leading to complexation between DNA and different cosolutes, including metal ions, polyelectrolytes, spermine, spermidine, surfactants and lipids, and proteins. Topical coverage includes: 606 $aDNA 606 $aPolymers 606 $aSurface active agents 615 0$aDNA. 615 0$aPolymers. 615 0$aSurface active agents. 676 $a572.8/6 676 $a572.86 701 $aLindman$b Bjo?rn$f1942-$01688695 701 $aDias$b Rita$01688696 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910829913603321 996 $aDNA interactions with polymers and surfactants$94063159 997 $aUNINA