LEADER 04219nam 2200661 a 450 001 9910457428303321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-280-12322-2 010 $a9786613527080 010 $a0-309-21824-1 035 $a(CKB)2550000000087421 035 $a(EBL)3378936 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000645892 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11445870 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000645892 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10683680 035 $a(PQKB)10124499 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3378936 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3378936 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10531111 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL352708 035 $a(OCoLC)923288566 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000087421 100 $a20120308d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aFront-of-package nutrition rating systems and symbols$b[electronic resource] $epromoting healthier choices /$fCommittee on Examination of Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols (Phase II), Food and Nutrition Board ; Ellen A. Wartella ... [et al.], editors ; Institute of Medicine of the National Academies 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academies Press$dc2012 215 $a1 online resource (180 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-309-21823-3 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aIntroduction -- The food package environment -- The regulatory environment -- Consumers' use of nutrition information and product choices -- Consumer use and understanding of front-of-package labeling systems -- Effects of food package information on consumer preferences, choices, and processing -- A model front-of-package symbol system including criteria for evaluating nutrients -- Promotion, evaluation, and monitoring for front-of-package symbol systems -- Recommendations. 330 $a"During the past decade, tremendous growth has occurred in the use of nutrition symbols and rating systems designed to summarize key nutritional aspects and characteristics of food products. These symbols and the systems that underlie them have become known as front-of-package (FOP) nutrition rating systems and symbols, even though the symbols themselves can be found anywhere on the front of a food package or on a retail shelf tag. Though not regulated and inconsistent in format, content, and criteria, FOP systems and symbols have the potential to provide useful guidance to consumers as well as maximize effectiveness. As a result, Congress directed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to undertake a study with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to examine and provide recommendations regarding FOP nutrition rating systems and symbols. The study was completed in two phases. Phase I focused primarily on the nutrition criteria underlying FOP systems. Phase II builds on the results of Phase I while focusing on aspects related to consumer understanding and behavior related to the development of a standardized FOP system. Front-of-package nutrition rating systems and symbols focuses on Phase II of the study. The report addresses the potential benefits of a single, standardized front-label food guidance system regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, assesses which icons are most effective with consumer audiences, and considers the systems/icons that best promote health and how to maximize their use"--Publisher's description. 606 $aNutrition 606 $aFood$xLabeling 606 $aFood$xPacking 606 $aHealth promotion$xMethodology 606 $aObesity$xPrevention 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aNutrition. 615 0$aFood$xLabeling. 615 0$aFood$xPacking. 615 0$aHealth promotion$xMethodology. 615 0$aObesity$xPrevention. 676 $a613.2 701 $aWartella$b Ellen$0142140 712 02$aInstitute of Medicine (U.S.).$bFood and Nutrition Board. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910457428303321 996 $aFront-of-package nutrition rating systems and symbols$92447906 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05685nam 2200709Ia 450 001 9910143556303321 005 20170815102014.0 010 $a1-280-23559-4 010 $a9786610235599 010 $a0-470-31848-1 010 $a0-471-74412-3 010 $a0-471-74411-5 035 $a(CKB)1000000000355627 035 $a(EBL)239975 035 $a(OCoLC)475951995 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000122313 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11132379 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000122313 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10123460 035 $a(PQKB)11370226 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC239975 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000355627 100 $a20050411d2005 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aCinnolines and phthalazines$b[electronic resource] $esupplement II /$fD.J. Brown 210 $aHoboken, N.J. $cWiley$dc2005 215 $a1 online resource (499 p.) 225 1 $aChemistry of heterocyclic compounds ;$vv. 64 300 $a"Covers both ring systems for the period 1973-2004 with a comprehensive compilation and discussion of the literature"--P. vii. 300 $aContinues a supplemental review by G.M. Singerman and N.R. Patel in: Condensed pyridazines including cinnolines and phthalazines / edited by Raymond N. Castle. 1973. 311 $a0-471-48587-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 413-443) and index. 327 $aCINNOLINES AND PHTHALAZINES Supplement II; Preface; Contents; CHAPTER 1 PRIMARY SYNTHESES OF CINNOLINES; 1.1 From a Single Carbocyclic Substrate; 1.1.1 By Formation of the N1-C8a Bond; 1.1.2 By Formation of the N1-N2 Bond; 1.1.3 By Formation of the N2-C3 Bond; 1.1.4 By Formation of the C3-C4 Bond; 1.1.5 By Formation of the C4-C4a Bond; 1.2 From a Carbocyclic Substrate and One Synthon; 1.2.1 When the Synthon Supplies N2 of the Cinnoline; 1.2.2 When the Synthon Supplies N1 + N2 of the Cinnoline; 1.2.3 When the Synthon Supplies N2 + C3 of the Cinnoline 327 $a1.2.4 When the Synthon Supplies C3 + C4 of the Cinnoline1.2.5 When the Synthon Supplies N1 + N2 + C3 + C4 of the Cinnoline; 1.3 From a Pyridazine Substrate; 1.4 From Other Heteromonocyclic Substrates; 1.5 From Heterobicyclic Substrates; 1.6 From Heteropolycyclic Substrates; 1.7 Glance Index to Typical Cinnolines Derivatives Available by Primary Syntheses; CHAPTER 2 CINNOLINE, ALKYLCINNOLINES, AND ARYLCINNOLINES; 2.1 Cinnoline; 2.1.1 Preparation of Cinnoline and Hydrocinnolines; 2.1.2 Physical Properties of Cinnoline; 2.1.3 Reactions of Cinnoline; 2.2 Alkyl- and Arylcinnolines 327 $a2.2.1 Preparation of Alkyl- and Arylcinnolines2.2.2 Reactions of Alkyl- and Arylcinnolines; CHAPTER 3 HALOGENOCINNOLINES; 3.1 Preparation of Halogenocinnolines; 3.2 Reactions of Halogenocinnolines; CHAPTER 4 OXYCINNOLINES; 4.1 Tautomeric Cinnolinones; 4.1.1 Preparation of Tautomeric Cinnolinones; 4.1.2 Reactions of Tautomeric Cinnolinones; 4.1.2.1 Alkylation of Tautomeric Cinnolinones; 4.1.2.2 Other Reactions of Tautomeric Cinnolinones; 4.2 Other Oxycinnolines; CHAPTER 5 THIOCINNOLINES; 5.1 Cinnolinethiones; 5.2 Other Thiocinnolines; CHAPTER 6 NITRO-, AMINO-, AND RELATED CINNOLINES 327 $a6.1 Nitrocinnolines6.2 Aminocinnolines and Related Compounds; 6.2.1 Preparation of Amino-, Hydrazino-, and Arylazocinnolines; 6.2.2 Reactions of Amino- and Hydrazinocinnolines; CHAPTER 7 CINNOLINECARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND RELATED DERIVATIVES; 7.1 Cinnolinecarboxylic Acids; 7.1.1 Preparation of Cinnolinecarboxylic Acids; 7.1.2 Reactions of Cinnolinecarboxylic Acids; 7.2 Cinnolinecarboxylic Esters; 7.3 Cinnolinecarboxamides and Cinnolinecarbohydrazides; 7.4 Cinnolinecarbonitriles; 7.5 Cinnoline Aldehydes and Ketones; CHAPTER 8 PRIMARY SYNTHESES OF PHTHALAZINES 327 $a8.1 From a Single Benzene Derivative as Substrate8.1.1 By Formation of the C1-C8a Bond; 8.1.2 By Formation of the C1-N2 Bond; 8.2 From a Benzene Derivative as Substrate and One Synthon; 8.2.1 Where the Synthon Supplies C1 of the Phthalazine; 8.2.2 Where the Synthon Supplies N2 + N3 of the Phthalazine; 8.2.2.1 Using 1,2-Dialkylbenzenes as Substrates; 8.2.2.2 Using 1-Alkyl-2-ketobenzenes as Substrates; 8.2.2.3 Using 1-Alkyl-2-halogenoformylbenzenes as Substrates; 8.2.2.4 Using 1,2-Dialdehydrobenzenes as Substrates; 8.2.2.5 Using 1-Aldehydo-2-ketobenzenes as Substrates 327 $a8.2.2.6 Using 1-Aldehydo-2-carboxybenzenes as Substrates 330 $aThis book provides the most comprehensive, current reference on the synthetic chemistry of cinnolines and phthalazines. Applications to the syntheses of natural products and other chiral compounds are described. Volume 64 contains chapters exploring the following topics:* Primary Syntheses of Cinnolines* Cinnoline, Alklycinnolines, and Arylcinnolines* Halogenocinnolines* Oxycinnolines* Thiocinnolines* Nitro-, Amino-, and Related Cinnolines* Cinnolinecarboxylic Acids and Related Derivatives* Primary Syntheses of Phthalazines* Phthalazine, Alklyphthalazines, a 410 0$aChemistry of heterocyclic compounds ;$vv. 64. 606 $aPyridazines 606 $aOrganic compounds$xSynthesis 606 $aChirality 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aPyridazines. 615 0$aOrganic compounds$xSynthesis. 615 0$aChirality. 676 $a547.2 676 $a547.593 700 $aBrown$b D. J$0383088 701 $aCastle$b Raymond N$g(Raymond Nielson),$f1916-$01239442 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910143556303321 996 $aCinnolines and phthalazines$92875847 997 $aUNINA