LEADER 05131nam 2200757 a 450 001 9910457315203321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a0-8014-6375-0 010 $a0-8014-6376-9 024 7 $a10.7591/9780801463761 035 $a(CKB)2550000000053141 035 $a(OCoLC)763159335 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10500330 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000534348 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11329778 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000534348 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10510801 035 $a(PQKB)10731205 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3138248 035 $a(OCoLC)967562040 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse28914 035 $a(DE-B1597)478330 035 $a(OCoLC)979954132 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780801463761 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3138248 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10500330 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL767991 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000053141 100 $a20090605d2009 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aBecoming American under fire$b[electronic resource] $eIrish Americans, African Americans, and the politics of citizenship during the Civil War era /$fChristian G. Samito 210 $aIthaca $cCornell University Press$dc2009 215 $a1 online resource (317 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a0-8014-7755-7 311 $a0-8014-4846-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aThe crisis of citizenship in the 1850s -- The question of armed service -- African Americans in arms -- Equal rights and the experience of military justice for African American soldiers -- Irish Americans in arms -- African Americans and the call for rights -- The affirmation of naturalized citizenship in America -- The affirmation of naturalized citizenship abroad -- Epilogue: the legacy of national citizenship in the era of the Civil War and Reconstruction. 330 $aIn Becoming American under Fire, Christian G. Samito provides a rich account of how African American and Irish American soldiers influenced the modern vision of national citizenship that developed during the Civil War era. By bearing arms for the Union, African Americans and Irish Americans exhibited their loyalty to the United States and their capacity to act as citizens; they strengthened their American identity in the process. Members of both groups also helped to redefine the legal meaning and political practices of American citizenship. For African American soldiers, proving manhood in combat was only one aspect to their quest for acceptance as citizens. As Samito reveals, by participating in courts-martial and protesting against unequal treatment, African Americans gained access to legal and political processes from which they had previously been excluded. The experience of African Americans in the military helped shape a postwar political movement that successfully called for rights and protections regardless of race. For Irish Americans, soldiering in the Civil War was part of a larger affirmation of republican government and it forged a bond between their American citizenship and their Irish nationalism. The wartime experiences of Irish Americans helped bring about recognition of their full citizenship through naturalization and also caused the United States to pressure Britain to abandon its centuries-old policy of refusing to recognize the naturalization of British subjects abroad. As Samito makes clear, the experiences of African Americans and Irish Americans differed substantially-and at times both groups even found themselves violently opposed-but they had in common that they aspired to full citizenship and inclusion in the American polity. Both communities were key participants in the fight to expand the definition of citizenship that became enshrined in constitutional amendments and legislation that changed the nation. 606 $aIrish American soldiers$xHistory$y19th century 606 $aAfrican American soldiers$xHistory$y19th century 606 $aIrish Americans$xLegal status, laws, etc$xHistory$y19th century 606 $aAfrican Americans$xLegal status, laws, etc$xHistory$y19th century 606 $aCitizenship$zUnited States$xHistory$y19th century 607 $aUnited States$xHistory$yCivil War, 1861-1865$xParticipation, Irish American 607 $aUnited States$xHistory$yCivil War, 1861-1865$xParticipation, African American 607 $aUnited States$xPolitics and government$y1861-1865 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aIrish American soldiers$xHistory 615 0$aAfrican American soldiers$xHistory 615 0$aIrish Americans$xLegal status, laws, etc.$xHistory 615 0$aAfrican Americans$xLegal status, laws, etc.$xHistory 615 0$aCitizenship$xHistory 676 $a973.7/415 700 $aSamito$b Christian G$0879477 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910457315203321 996 $aBecoming American under fire$92447739 997 $aUNINA