LEADER 05348nam 2200709Ia 450 001 9910457229403321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-281-00594-0 010 $a9786611005948 010 $a0-08-047686-4 035 $a(CKB)1000000000357685 035 $a(EBL)294565 035 $a(OCoLC)437181589 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000130718 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11134201 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000130718 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10097636 035 $a(PQKB)10956072 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC294565 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL294565 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10186549 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL100594 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000357685 100 $a20061124d2007 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aCork$b[electronic resource] $ebiology, production and uses /$fHelena Pereira 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aAmsterdam ;$aLondon $cElsevier$d2007 215 $a1 online resource (355 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-444-52967-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aFront cover; Cork: Biology, Production and Uses; Copyright page; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgements; Introduction; Part I: Cork biology; Chapter 1. The formation and growth of cork; 1.1. Bark and periderm in trees; 1.2. Periderm and cork formation in the cork oak; 1.3. The formation of lenticular channels; 1.4. The growth of cork; 1.5. Conclusions; References; Chapter 2. The structure of cork; 2.1. The early observations of cork; 2.2. Cell shape and topology; 2.3. 3D structure; 2.4. Cell dimensions; 2.5. Cork structure in relation to cell formation and growth; 2.6. The cell wall 327 $a2.7. Structural discontinuities 2.8. Structural anisotropy; 2.9. Conclusions; References; Chapter 3. The chemical composition of cork; 3.1. Suberin; 3.2. Lignin; 3.3. Polysaccharides; 3.4. Extractives; 3.5. Inorganic components; 3.6. Chemical composition of cork; 3.7. Topochemistry of cell walls; 3.8. Methods of chemical analysis; 3.9. Conclusions; References; Part II: Cork production; Chapter 4. The cork oak; 4.1. Geographic distribution; 4.2. Botanical description; 4.3. Ecology; 4.4. Tree growth; 4.5. Silviculture; 4.6. Cork oak forests; 4.7. Conclusions; References 327 $aChapter 5. The extraction of cork 5.1. Cork stripping; 5.2. Post-harvest operations; 5.3. Forest-to-industry chain; 5.4. Conclusions; References; Chapter 6. The sustainable management of cork production; 6.1. Cork growth and productivity; 6.2. Cork oak and cork growth modelling; 6.3. The sustainability of cork oak forests; 6.4. Conclusions; References; Colour plates; Part III: Cork properties; Chapter 7. Macroscopic appearance and quality; 7.1. The appearance of cork; 7.2. Defects of cork; 7.3. Image analysis of cork surfaces; 7.4. Quality classification of cork planks; 7.5. Conclusions 327 $aReferences Chapter 8. Density and moisture relations; 8.1. Density; 8.2. Moisture content; 8.3. Absorption of water; 8.4. Conclusions; References; Chapter 9. Mechanical properties; 9.1. Stress and strain; 9.2. Compression of cork; 9.3. Tension; 9.4. Bending; 9.5. Torsion; 9.6. Variation of mechanical properties in cork; 9.7. Conclusions; References; Chapter 10. Surface, thermal and other properties; 10.1. Surface properties; 10.2. Friction; 10.3. Wear; 10.4. Thermal properties; 10.5. Heat treatments; 10.6. Energy absorption; 10.7. Electric properties; 10.8. Conclusions; References 327 $aPart IV: Cork processing and products Chapter 11. Cork products and uses; 11.1. Historical uses of cork; 11.2. Cork in science; 11.3. Present uses of cork; 11.4. Cork in space exploration; 11.5. Cork in medicine; 11.6. Potential applications; 11.7. Conclusions; References; Chapter 12. Production of cork stoppers and discs; 12.1. Industrial production lines; 12.2. Post-harvest processing; 12.3. The production of cork stoppers; 12.4. The production of discs for technical cork stoppers; 12.5. Conclusions; References; Chapter 13. Cork agglomerates and composites 327 $a13.1. Cork raw materials and types of agglomerates 330 $aThis comprehensive book describes cork as a natural product, as an industrial raw-materials, and as a wine bottle closure. From its formation in the outer bark of the cork oak tree to the properties that are of relevance to its use, cork is presented and explained including its physical and mechanical properties.The industrial processing of cork from post-harvest procedures to the production of cork agglomerates and composites is described.Intended as a reference book, this is the ideal compilation of scientific knowledge on state-of-the-art cork production and use Key 606 $aCork oak 606 $aCork 606 $aCork industry 606 $aCork$xUtilization 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aCork oak. 615 0$aCork. 615 0$aCork industry. 615 0$aCork$xUtilization. 676 $a583.46 676 $a674.9 700 $aPereira$b Helena$0947132 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910457229403321 996 $aCork$92140010 997 $aUNINA