LEADER 05312nam 2200673 450 001 9910456688803321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-4552-5693-5 010 $a1-4527-3217-5 010 $a1-283-53646-3 010 $a1-4519-9601-2 010 $a9786613848918 035 $a(CKB)2540000000001107 035 $a(EBL)1605905 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000466189 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11337278 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000466189 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10458176 035 $a(PQKB)11739347 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1605905 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1605905 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10344786 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL384891 035 $a(OCoLC)870244601 035 $a(EXLCZ)992540000000001107 100 $a20140222h20092009 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aRegional economic outlook $eSub-Saharan Africa : weathering the storm /$fInternational Monetary Fund 210 1$aWashington, District of Columbia :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2009. 210 4$dİ2009 215 $a1 online resource (99 p.) 225 0$aWorld economic and financial surveys 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-58906-857-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aCover; Contents; Preface; Abbreviations; Main Messages; 1. Sub-Saharan Africa: Weathering the Storm; Introduction and Summary; Tables; 1.1. Sub-Saharan Africa: Selected Indicators, 2005-10; Figures; 1.1. Sub-Saharan Africa: Key External Developments; The Great Recession and Sub-Saharan Africa; 1.2. Sub-Saharan Africa: Changes in Key Indicators, Average 2004-08 and 2009 Projections; 1.2. Sub-Saharan Africa: Oil-Exporting Countries: Revenues, Expenditures, and Fiscal Balance; 1.3. Sub-Saharan Africa: Selected Foreign Inflows 327 $a1.4. Low-Income Countries and Fragile States: Revisions to Fiscal Balance Projections, 2009Boxes; 1.1. Sub-Saharan Africa: The Fiscal Policy Response to the Crisis; Cyclical Recoveries in Sub-Saharan Africa; 1.5. Sub-Saharan Africa: Past and Current Economic Cycles; 1.6. Sub-Saharan Africa Country Groupings: Past Economic Cycles; 1.7. Sub-Saharan Africa: Past Economic Cycles and Latest Projections; Outlook; 1.8. Sub-Saharan Africa: Contributions to Real GDP Growth, 2000-11; 1.9. Sub-Saharan Africa: Projected GDP Growth, 2008-11 327 $a1.10. Sub-Saharan Africa: Macroeconomic and Political Environment, 1970-20091.11. Sub-Saharan Africa: Exports by Destination; 1.12. Sub-Saharan Africa: Growth Prospects, 2000-11; What Next for Policies?; 1.13. Sub-Saharan Africa: Policy Responses, 2009; 1.14. Sub-Saharan Africa: Past Economic Cycles and Latest Projections; 1.15. Sub-Saharan Africa: Output Gap and Change in Fiscal Balance Excluding Grants, 2005-07 and 2009 Projections; 1.16. Sub-Saharan Africa: Bilateral Exchange Rate in Selected Countries, September 2008-August 2009 327 $a1.2. The Slowdown and Recovery in Africa: The Role of Spillover Effects2. Fiscal Policy and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Effectiveness, Challenges, and Prospects; Introduction and Main Messages; Fiscal Policy and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa; 2.1. Sub-Saharan Africa: Percentage of Countries Satisfying Various Stability Criteria; 2.1. Sub-Saharan Africa: Fiscal Indicators; Fiscal Policy as a Stabilization Tool; 2.2. Sub-Saharan Africa: Public Sector Debt; 2.3. Sub-Saharan Africa: Fiscal Balance Deterioration, 2009 vs. 2008; 2.2. Range of Fiscal Multipliers 327 $a2.4. Amplitude and Correlation, Central Government Total Spending, 1980-20082.3. Fiscal Procyclicality in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1980-2008: Groups and Spending Categories; 2.4. Changes in Fiscal Procyclicality by Decade, 1980-2008; Fiscal Policy and Debt Sustainability; 2.5. Evolution of Debt in Sub-Saharan Africa; 2.1. Debt Sustainability Analysis; 2.5. Risk of Debt Distress by Country Grouping; 2.6. NPV of Debt after HIPC Initiative, Additional Bilateral Debt Relief, and MDRI in 28 Sub-Saharan Africa HIPCs 327 $a2.7. Sub-Saharan Africa: Central Government Balance and Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability Assessment Score 330 $aSub-Saharan Africa has been hit hard by the global recession, but signs of resilience remain. While South Africa and some other middle-income countries were caught in the turbulence of international financial markets, and oil exporters saw government revenues plunge, some countries with wider commodity bases have so far escaped the worst of the crisis. Also, and reassuringly, with stronger initial fiscal and external positions than in past downturns, most countries in the region have been able to partially absorb external shocks by allowing fiscal deficits to rise and reducing interest rates. 606 $aFiscal policy$zAfrica, Sub-Saharan 606 $aEconomic indicators$zAfrica, Sub-Saharan 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aFiscal policy 615 0$aEconomic indicators 676 $a339.520967 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910456688803321 996 $aRegional economic outlook$91916023 997 $aUNINA LEADER 00990nam0-22003371i-450 001 990007077360403321 005 20220921103710.0 010 $a0-333-76460-9 035 $a000707736 035 $aFED01000707736 035 $a(Aleph)000707736FED01 100 $a20020503d1999----km-y0itay50------ba 101 0 $aeng 102 $aGB 105 $ay-------001yy 200 1 $aRegional integration$eexperience, theory and measurement$fAli M. El-Agraa 205 $a2. ed. 210 $aBasingstoke$aLondon$cMacmillan$d1999 215 $aXII, 442 p.$d24 cm 305 $aTit. della 1. ed.: The theory and measurement of international economic integration 676 $a337.1$v21$zita 700 1$aEl-Agraa,$bAli M.$0232845 801 0$aIT$bUNINA$gRICA$2UNIMARC 901 $aBK 912 $a990007077360403321 952 $aO/1.24 ELA$b18801$fSES 952 $aXV L[2] 83$b40723*$fFGBC 959 $aSES 959 $aFGBC 996 $aRegional integration$9706829 997 $aUNINA