LEADER 03859nam 2200697 450 001 9910456527903321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-281-99184-8 010 $a9786611991845 010 $a1-4426-7831-3 024 7 $a10.3138/9781442678316 035 $a(CKB)2430000000001998 035 $a(EBL)3257961 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000305644 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11207918 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000305644 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10293922 035 $a(PQKB)11314418 035 $a(CaBNvSL)thg00601092 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3257961 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4671814 035 $a(DE-B1597)464738 035 $a(OCoLC)1013939279 035 $a(OCoLC)944177691 035 $a(DE-B1597)9781442678316 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4671814 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11257507 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL199184 035 $a(OCoLC)244768139 035 $a(EXLCZ)992430000000001998 100 $a20160923h20062006 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aPatrons of enlightenment /$fEdward G. Andrew 210 1$aToronto, [Ontario] ;$aBuffalo, [New York] ;$aLondon, [England] :$cUniversity of Toronto Press,$d2006. 210 4$dİ2006 215 $a1 online resource (295 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8020-9064-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tContents -- $tAcknowledgments -- $tIntroduction -- $t1. Patronage of Philosophy -- $t2. Enlightenment and Print Culture -- $t3. Seneca in the Age of Frederick and Catherine -- $t4. Patronage and the Modes of Liberal Tolerance: Bayle, Care, and Locke -- $t5. Voltaire and His Female Protectors -- $t6. Scottish Universities and Their Patrons: Argyll, Bute, and Dundas -- $t7. Independence in Theory and Practice: D'Alembert and Rousseau -- $t8. Samuel Johnson and the Question of Enlightenment in England -- $t9. Irish Antagonists: Burke and Shelburne -- $tConclusion -- $tNotes -- $tBibliography -- $tIndex 330 $aAll major writers of the Enlightenment enjoyed royal or aristocratic patronage, often denying their financial dependency and claiming to live by the labours of their pens or by the expanding readership of the eighteenth century, thereby maintaining the ideal of intellectual autonomy.In Patrons of Enlightenment, Edward G. Andrew examines the conditions in which the central idea of Enlightenment was fabricated; intellectual autonomy was constructed while patronage was being transformed by a commercial print culture. Andrew further argues that since an Enlightenment depends on a relationship of plebeian genius and patrician taste, England could not have had one - as the French and Scots did - because after the English civil war, plebeians did not contribute to the intellectual culture of England.Patrons of Enlightenment emphasizes the dependency of thinkers upon patrons and compares the patron-client relationships in the French, English, and Scottish republics of letters. Andrew challenges philosophers to rethink the Platonic distinction between philosophers and sophists and the Aristotelian view of philosophers as godlike in their self-sufficiency. 606 $aEnlightenment 606 $aPhilosophers$zEurope$xHistory$y18th century 606 $aAuthors and patrons$zEurope$xHistory$y18th century 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aEnlightenment. 615 0$aPhilosophers$xHistory 615 0$aAuthors and patrons$xHistory 676 $a190.9033 700 $aAndrew$b Edward$f1941-$0901398 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910456527903321 996 $aPatrons of enlightenment$92473614 997 $aUNINA