LEADER 05172nam 22006734a 450 001 9910456018703321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-280-18343-8 010 $a9786610183432 010 $a0-309-57036-0 035 $a(CKB)111069351128610 035 $a(EBL)3377497 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000112297 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11128387 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000112297 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10086624 035 $a(PQKB)10272700 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3377497 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3377497 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10071528 035 $a(OCoLC)923270964 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111069351128610 100 $a20020905d2002 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aBiosolids applied to land$b[electronic resource] $eadvancing standards and practices /$fCommittee on Toxicants and Pathogens in Biosolids Applied to Land, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Division on Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academies Press$dc2002 215 $a1 online resource (365 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-309-08486-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $a""Biosolids Applied to Land""; ""Copyright""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Abbreviations""; ""Summary""; ""THE COMMITTEEa???S TASK""; ""MAJOR FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Overarching Findings""; ""Overarching Recommendations""; ""Health Effects""; ""Chemical and Pathogen Standards""; ""Chemical Standards""; ""Pathogen Standards""; ""1 Introduction""; ""BIOSOLIDS""; ""Definitions and Use""; ""Pollutant Standards""; ""Earlier NRC Review""; ""HUMAN HEALTH AND RISK-ASSESSMENT ISSUES""; ""THE COMMITTEEa???S TASK""; ""THE COMMITTEEa???S APPROACH""; ""REPORT ORGANIZATION""; ""REFERENCES"" 327 $a""2 Biosolids Management""""FEDERAL BIOSOLIDS REGULATIONS AND CURRENT STATE OF PROGRAM""; ""History""; ""Federal Policy""; ""Proposed Regulation""; ""Final Regulations""; ""Pollutant Concentrations""; ""Pathogen Control""; ""Class A Pathogen Requirements""; ""Class B Pathogen Requirements""; ""Reduction of Vector Attraction""; ""Treatment Design Standards""; ""Rule Modifications""; ""Revision of Regulations""; ""Public Issue Forums""; ""EPA Resources""; ""State Programs""; ""EUROPEAN BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT""; ""PATHOGEN ISSUES AND TREATMENT CONTROLS""; ""PATHOGEN EQUIVALENCY COMMITTEE"" 327 $a""IMPLEMENTATION AND END-USE PRACTICES""""Overview""; ""Management Practices""; ""End-Use Practices""; ""CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOSOLIDS""; ""COMPLIANCE ASSISTANCE AND ENFORCEMENT""; ""FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""REFERENCES""; ""3 Epidemiological Evidence of Health Effects Associated with Biosolids Production and Application""; ""DESCRIPTION OF THE LITERATURE""; ""Exposed Populations""; ""Observed Health Outcomes""; ""Assessment of Causality""; ""FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Response Studies""; ""Preplanned Studies""; ""REFERENCES"" 327 $a""4 Advances in Risk Assessment Since the Establishment of the Part 503 Rule""""THE RISK-ASSESSMENT PROCESS""; ""Components of the Risk-Analysis Process""; ""Confronting Uncertainty and Variability""; ""NEW APPROACHES AND CONSIDERATIONS IN RISK ASSESSMENT""; ""Recent Reports Define New Directions in Risk Assessment""; ""Advances in Hazard Identification""; ""Advances in the Dose-Response Characterization Process""; ""Changes in Dose-Response Methods""; ""EPAa???s Proposed 1996 Carcinogen Risk-Assessment Guidelines""; ""Time-to-Tumor Models""; ""Use of Subjective Statistics: Bayesian Methods"" 327 $a""Use of Meta-Analysis in Place of Single-Species Data Sets""""Assessment of Mixtures""; ""Advances in the Exposure Characterization Process""; ""Increased Focus on Indoor and Residential Environments""; ""Methods for Monitoring Biological Agents in Exposure Media""; ""Explicit Treatment of Uncertainty and Variability""; ""Multimedia and Multiple-Pathway Exposure Assessments""; ""Biological Markers""; ""Challenges to the Risk-Characterization Process for Biosolids""; ""Characterizing Exposures to Children as a Subpopulation""; ""Participation of the Affected Populations"" 327 $a""Link Between Risk Assessment and Management of Land-Application Sites"" 606 $aLand treatment of wastewater 606 $aSewage sludge$xManagement 606 $aSewage disposal in the ground$xHealth aspects 606 $aSewage disposal plants$xStandards$zUnited States 606 $aHealth risk assessment$zUnited States 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aLand treatment of wastewater. 615 0$aSewage sludge$xManagement. 615 0$aSewage disposal in the ground$xHealth aspects. 615 0$aSewage disposal plants$xStandards 615 0$aHealth risk assessment 676 $a628.3/64 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910456018703321 996 $aBiosolids applied to land$91958426 997 $aUNINA