LEADER 05410nam 2200721 a 450 001 9910455963203321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-280-19348-4 010 $a9786610193486 010 $a0-309-59314-X 010 $a0-585-05313-8 035 $a(CKB)110986584751448 035 $a(EBL)3377839 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000228012 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12085140 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000228012 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10141797 035 $a(PQKB)11272729 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3377839 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3377839 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10075672 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL19348 035 $a(OCoLC)923273498 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584751448 100 $a19940815d1994 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aProceedings$b[electronic resource] $eWorkshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs /$fPanel on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council and Institute of Medicine 210 $aWashington, DC $cNational Academy Press$d1994 215 $a1 online resource (320 p.) 300 $aProject was sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse. 300 $aWorkshop was held on September 27-28, 1993 in Baltimore, Maryland. 300 $aPanel chairman: Lincoln Moses. 311 $a0-309-05084-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $a""Proceedings Workshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs""; ""Copyright""; ""Contents""; ""PREFACE""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""REFERENCES""; ""U.S. NEEDLE EXCHANGE DATA""; ""The University of California Needle Exchange Program Evaluation Project: Methods, Conclusions, and Recommendation ""; ""METHODS""; ""Project Personnel""; ""Goal and Research Questions""; ""Ensuring Community and Expert Input""; ""Advisory Committee""; ""Expert Reviewers""; ""Kaiser Family Foundation Forum""; ""Consent and Confidentiality""; ""Formal Review of Existing Research""; ""Assessment of Data Needs"" 327 $a""Data Collection""""Data Synthesis""; ""Site Visits""; ""Identification of Sites and Interviewees""; ""Methodological Framework""; ""Training""; ""Site Observations""; ""Key Informant Interviews""; ""IDU Focus Groups""; ""Qualitative Analysis""; ""Mail Survey of NEPs Not Visited""; ""Cost-Effectiveness Modeling""; ""CONCLUSIONS""; ""How and Why Did NEPs Develop?""; ""How Do NEPs Operate?""; ""Do NEPs Act as Bridges to Public Health Services?""; ""How Much Does it Cost to Operate NEPs?""; ""Who Are the IDUs Who Use NEPs?""; ""What Proportion of All IDUs in a Community Uses the NEP?"" 327 $a""What Are the Community Responses to NEPs?""""Do NEPs Result in Changes in Community Levels of Drug Use?""; ""Do NEPs Affect the Number of Discarded Syringes?""; ""Do NEPs Affect Rates of HIV Drug and/or Sex Risk Behaviors?""; ""What is the Role of Studies of Syringes in Injection Drug Use Research?""; ""Do NEPs Affect Rates of Diseases Related to Injection Drug Use Other than HIV?""; ""Do NEPs Affect HIV Infection Rates?""; ""Are NEPs Cost-effective in Preventing HIV Infection?""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Recommendations for the Federal Government""; ""Recommendations for State Governments"" 327 $a""Recommendations for Researchers""""APPENDIX""; ""Research Questions""; ""References""; ""Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus in Users of the Tacoma Syringe Exchange Program""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""METHODS""; ""The Intervention""; ""Studies of Risk Behavior in Local IDUs""; ""Surveillance of Blood-Borne Viral Infections""; ""Case-Control Study of Incident HBV Infections""; ""RESULTS""; ""DISCUSSIONS""; ""References""; ""Behavioral and Community Impact of the Portland Syringe Exchange Program""; ""PROGRAM OVERVIEW""; ""METHODS""; ""RESULTS""; ""CONCLUSIONS"" 327 $a""ACKNOWLEDGMENTS""""Reference""; ""New York City Syringe Exchange: An Overview""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""OVERVIEW OF EVALUATION""; ""METHODS""; ""Ethnographic Study""; ""Behavioral Change and Seroconversion""; ""Seroprevalence and Seroincidence""; ""RESULTS""; ""Organizational-System Issues""; ""Health Departments""; ""The American Foundation for AIDS Research (AmFAR)""; ""Syringe Exchange Programs""; ""Evaluation""; ""PROBLEM SOLVING""; ""Subject Characteristics""; ""Self-Reported Change in Risk-Taking Behavior""; ""DISCUSSION""; ""ACKNOWLEDGMENTS""; ""References"" 327 $a""Discussion: U.S. Needle Exchange Data"" 606 $aNeedle exchange programs$zUnited States 606 $aIntravenous drug abuse$xHealth aspects$zUnited States 606 $aAIDS (Disease)$zUnited States$xPrevention 606 $aChlorine and derivatives as disinfectants 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aNeedle exchange programs 615 0$aIntravenous drug abuse$xHealth aspects 615 0$aAIDS (Disease)$xPrevention. 615 0$aChlorine and derivatives as disinfectants. 676 $a362.29 701 $aMoses$b Lincoln E$0103130 712 12$aWorkshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910455963203321 996 $aProceedings$92041390 997 $aUNINA