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010   $a9786610196234
010   $a0-309-58511-2
010   $a0-585-02019-1
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100   $a19921221d1993      uy             0
101 0 $aeng
135   $aur|n|---|||||
181   $ctxt
182   $cc
183   $acr
200 10$aEmployment and health benefits$b[electronic resource] $ea connection at risk /$fCommittee on Employer-Based Health Benefits, Division of Health Care Services, Institute of Medicine ; Marilyn J. Field and Harold T. Shapiro, editors
210   $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1993
215   $a1 online resource (376 p.)
300   $aDescription based upon print version of record.
311   $a0-309-04827-3 
320   $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 262-284) and index.
327   $a""Employment and Health Benefits""; ""Copyright""; ""Preface""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""Contents""; ""Summary""; ""EMPLOYMENT-BASED HEALTH BENEFITS IN CONTEXT""; ""Historical Development""; ""Key Statistics""; ""International Comparisons""; ""Scope and Functions""; ""Access to Health Services""; ""Costs in Context""; ""DISTINGUISHING FEATURES OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM""; ""Voluntary Group Purchase""; ""Lack of Universal Coverage""; ""Risk Selection and Discrimination""; ""Dispersed Power and Accountability""; ""Diversity""; ""Innovation""; ""Discontinuity""; ""Barriers to Cost Management""
327   $a""Complexity""""Strengths and Limitations of These Features""; ""FUTURE DIRECTIONS""; ""To Improve a Voluntary System""; ""Reducing or Compensating for Risk Selection""; ""Subsidizing Coverage""; ""Other Regulatory Issues""; ""The Financing Dilemma""; ""Beyond Voluntary Coverage""; ""Research Agenda""; ""FINAL THOUGHTS""; ""1 Background and Introduction""; ""EMPLOYMENT-BASED HEALTH BENEFITS IN CONTEXT""; ""OVERVIEW OF REPORT""; ""WHY THIS STUDY?""; ""Relation to the Debate over Health Care Reform""; ""Issues and Concerns""; ""KEY CONCEPTS AND TERMS AS USED IN THIS REPORT""
327   $a""Employment-Based Health Benefits""""Social Insurance and Private Insurance""; ""Small and Large Groups""; ""Risk, Insurance, and Benefits""; ""Insurable Events""; ""Moral Hazard, Biased Selection, Risk Segmentation, and Underwriting""; ""CONCLUSION""; ""2 Origins and Evolution of Employment-Based Health Benefits""; ""THE BIRTH OF INSURANCE FOR MEDICAL CARE EXPENSES""; ""Early Voluntary Initiatives""; ""Early Public Action""; ""THE DIVERGENT PATH OF THE UNITED STATES""; ""Unsuccessful Early State Initiatives""; ""Proposals for National Health Insurance in the Depression and Postwar Years""
327   $a""Innovation in the Private Sector""""Employment-Based Benefits, Federal Regulations, and Union Policies""; ""Growth and Change in Health Insurance Products""; ""Federal Government as Sponsor of Employee Health Benefits Program""; ""EARLY COST MANAGEMENT EFFORTS BY INSURERS AND OTHERS""; ""Management of the Risk Pool""; ""Design of the Benefit Plan""; ""Controls on Payments to Providers""; ""Constraints on Supply""; ""Utilization Review""; ""Impact of Early Cost Management Efforts""; ""THE LIMITS OF VOLUNTARY HEALTH BENEFITS AND MEDICARE AND MEDICAID""; ""Medicare""; ""Medicaid""
327   $a""National Health Insurance Revisited""""FEDERAL REGULATION AND THE EMPLOYER'S GROWING ROLE""; ""Federal and State Roles Before 1974""; ""The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974""; ""CONCLUSION""; ""3 Employment-Based Health Benefits Today""; ""DATA SOURCES""; ""WHO IS AND IS NOT COVERED BY EMPLOYMENT-BASED HEALTH BENEFITS?""; ""Covered Workers and Family Members""; ""Uninsured Workers and Family Members""; ""Retirees""; ""Sources of Variation in Employment-Based Coverage""; ""WHAT TYPES OF COVERAGE ARE OFFERED?""; ""Types of Health Plans""; ""Conventional Plans""
327   $a""Network Plans""
606   $aHealth insurance$zUnited States
606   $aVoluntary employees' beneficiary associations$zUnited States
608   $aElectronic books.
615  0$aHealth insurance
615  0$aVoluntary employees' beneficiary associations
676   $a331.25/5
701   $aField$b Marilyn J$g(Marilyn Jane)$0855032
701   $aShapiro$b Harold T.$f1935-$066794
801  0$bMiAaPQ
801  1$bMiAaPQ
801  2$bMiAaPQ
906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910455924803321
996   $aEmployment and health benefits$91915776
997   $aUNINA