LEADER 04897nam 2200625Ia 450 001 9910455398603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a0-674-03308-6 024 7 $a10.4159/9780674033085 035 $a(CKB)1000000000787126 035 $a(EBL)3300280 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000219164 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11910720 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000219164 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10228611 035 $a(PQKB)11626060 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3300280 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3300280 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10314292 035 $a(OCoLC)923110305 035 $a(DE-B1597)571826 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780674033085 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000787126 100 $a19880411d1989 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aPeacemaking among primates$b[electronic resource] /$fFrans de Waal 210 $aCambridge, MA $cHarvard University Press$d1989 215 $a1 online resource (310 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-674-65920-1 311 $a0-674-65921-X 320 $aIncludes bibliography and index. 327 $a""Contents""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""Prologue""; ""1 False Dichotomies""; ""a???Gooda??? Aggression""; ""a???Bada??? Peace""; ""The Individual and the Group""; ""Captive vs. Field Studies""; ""2 Chimpanzees""; ""The Arnhem Project""; ""Reconciliation and Consolation""; ""Sex Differences""; ""A Coalition Breaks""; ""Deadly Violence""; ""Reflections on the Dark Side""; ""Self-Awareness and Chimpocentrism""; ""3 Rhesus Monkeys""; ""Matriarchs and Matrilines""; ""The Transfer of Rank""; ""Aggression Levels""; ""The Exploratory Phase""; ""Implicit Reconciliations""; ""Hard Evidence"" 327 $a""Class Structure""""Climbing the Ladder""; ""4 Stump-Tailed Monkeys""; ""Our Beauties""; ""Orgasmic Reconciliations""; ""Two Macaques""; ""All-Embracing Unity""; ""5 Bonobos""; ""The a???Pygmy Chimpa??? Is Neither""; ""Wild Bonobos and Wild Theories""; ""The Smartest Ape?""; ""The Peanut Family""; ""Games Bonobos Play""; ""Kama Sutra Primates""; ""The Sex-Contract Hypothesis""; ""Sex for Peace""; ""Epilogue""; ""6 Humans""; ""The Paucity of Knowledge""; ""Degrees of Sophistication""; ""Conditions of Peace""; ""Children""; ""Cultures""; ""The Oath of the Elbe""; ""Conclusion""; ""Bibliography"" 327 $a""Index"" 330 $aDoes biology condemn the human species to violence and war? Previous studies of animal behavior incline us to answer yes, but the message of this book is considerably more optimistic. Without denying our heritage of aggressive behavior, Frans de Waal describes powerful checks and balances in the makeup of our closest animal relatives, and in so doing he shows that to humans making peace is as natural as making war. In this meticulously researched and absorbing account, we learn in detail how different types of simians cope with aggression, and how they make peace after fights. Chimpanzees, for instance, reconcile with a hug and a kiss, whereas rhesus monkeys groom the fur of former adversaries. By objectively examining the dynamics of primate social interactions, de Waal makes a convincing case that confrontation should not be viewed as a barrier to sociality but rather as an unavoidable element upon which social relationships can be built and strengthened through reconciliation. The author examines five different species?chimpanzees, rhesus monkeys, stump-tailed monkeys, bonobos, and humans?and relates anecdotes, culled from exhaustive observations, that convey the intricacies and refinements of simian behavior. Each species utilizes its own unique peacemaking strategies. The bonobo, for example, is little known to science, and even less to the general public, but this rare ape maintains peace by means of sexual behavior divorced from reproductive functions; sex occurs in all possible combinations and positions whenever social tensions need to be resolved. ?Make love, not war? could be the bonobo slogan. De Waal?s demonstration of reconciliation in both monkeys and apes strongly supports his thesis that forgiveness and peacemaking are widespread among nonhuman primates?an aspect of primate societies that should stimulate much needed work on human conflict resolution. 606 $aPrimates$xBehavior 606 $aReconciliation in animals 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aPrimates$xBehavior. 615 0$aReconciliation in animals. 676 $a599.8/0451 686 $aCZ 8000$2rvk 700 $aWaal$b F. B. M. de$g(Frans B. 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