LEADER 03858nam 2200673 a 450 001 9910453777703321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-281-95721-6 010 $a9786611957216 010 $a0-226-39202-3 024 7 $a10.7208/9780226392028 035 $a(CKB)1000000000579508 035 $a(EBL)408533 035 $a(OCoLC)567943975 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000161109 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11151940 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000161109 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10198090 035 $a(PQKB)11737704 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0000115811 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC408533 035 $a(DE-B1597)523662 035 $a(OCoLC)1135614162 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780226392028 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL408533 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10265893 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL195721 035 $a(OCoLC)309215950 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000579508 100 $a20071109d2008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe gender impact of social security reform$b[electronic resource] /$fEstelle James, Alejandra Cox Edwards, and Rebeca Wong 210 $aChicago $cUniversity of Chicago Press$d2008 215 $a1 online resource (294 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-226-39200-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [263]-269) and index. 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tCONTENTS -- $tAcknowledgments -- $tIntroduction -- $tONE. Why Do Social Security Systems and Social Security Reforms Have a Gender Impact? -- $tTWO. Living Arrangements and Standards of Elderly Men and Women -- $tTHREE. How Do We Measure the Impact of Social Security Systems and Reforms? -- $tFOUR. Chile -- $tFIVE. Argentina -- $tSIX. Mexico -- $tSEVEN. Gender Issues in Social Security Reforms of Other Regions -- $tEIGHT. Design Features That Determine Gender Outcomes -- $tNINE. Conclusion -- $tAPPENDIXES -- $tNotes -- $tReferences -- $tIndex 330 $aAs populations age and revenues diminish, government and private pension funds around the world are facing insolvency. The looming social security crisis is especially dire for women, who live longer than men but have worked less in the formal labor force. This groundbreaking study examines alternative social security systems and their disparate impacts on men and women. Emphasis is placed on the new multi-pillar systems that combine a publicly managed benefit and a mandatory private retirement saving plan. The Gender Impact of Social Security Reform compares the gendered outcomes of social security systems in Chile, Argentina, and Mexico, and presents empirical findings from Eastern and Central European transition economies as well as several OECD countries. Women's positions have improved relative to men in countries where joint pensions have been required, widows who have worked can keep the joint pension in addition to their own benefit, the public benefit has been targeted toward low earners, and women's retirement age has been raised to equality with that of men. The Gender Impact of Social Security Reform will force economists and policy makers to reexamine the design features that enable social security systems to achieve desirable gender outcomes. 606 $aSocial security 606 $aWomen$xPensions 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aSocial security. 615 0$aWomen$xPensions. 676 $a331.25/22082 700 $aJames$b Estelle$0125617 701 $aEdwards$b Alejandra Cox$f1954-$0983246 701 $aWong$b Rebeca$0983247 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910453777703321 996 $aThe gender impact of social security reform$92244542 997 $aUNINA