LEADER 03378nam 22006612 450 001 9910453551903321 005 20151005020622.0 010 $a1-107-38662-4 010 $a1-107-18748-6 010 $a1-281-90340-X 010 $a9786611903404 010 $a0-511-79065-1 010 $a0-511-43746-3 010 $a0-511-43813-3 010 $a0-511-43600-9 010 $a0-511-43521-5 010 $a0-511-43678-5 035 $a(CKB)1000000000552564 035 $a(EBL)367094 035 $a(OCoLC)437234527 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000218397 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11198631 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000218397 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10213853 035 $a(PQKB)11538622 035 $a(UkCbUP)CR9780511790652 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC367094 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL367094 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10257463 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL190340 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000552564 100 $a20100611d2008|||| uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aParty polarization in Congress /$fSean M. Theriault$b[electronic resource] 210 1$aCambridge :$cCambridge University Press,$d2008. 215 $a1 online resource (x, 243 pages) $cdigital, PDF file(s) 300 $aTitle from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015). 311 $a0-521-71768-X 311 $a0-521-88893-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 229-238) and index. 327 $tAcknowledgments --$g1.$tParty polarization in the U.S. Congress --$gpt. 1.$tBuilding blocks for explaining party polarization --$g2.$tA brief history of party polarization --$g3.$tExplanations for party polarization --$gpt. 2.$tConstituency change --$g4.$tRedistricting --$g5.$tThe political and geographic sorting of constituents --$g6.$tExtremism of party activists --$gpt. 3.$tInstitutional change --$g7.$tConnecting constituency change to institutional change --$g8.$tThe interaction in the legislative process --$g9.$tThe link between the House and the Senate --$g10.$tProcedural polarization in the U.S. Congress --$tBibliography --$tIndex. 330 $aThe political parties in Congress are as polarized as they have been in 100 years. This book examines more than 30 years of congressional history to understand how it is that the Democrats and Republicans on Capitol Hill have become so divided. It finds that two steps were critical for this development. First, the respective parties' constituencies became more politically and ideologically aligned. Second, members ceded more power to their party leaders, who implemented procedures more frequently and with greater consequence. In fact, almost the entire rise in party polarization can be accounted for in the increasing frequency of and polarization on procedures used during the legislative process. 606 $aPolitical parties$zUnited States 606 $aOpposition (Political science)$zUnited States 615 0$aPolitical parties 615 0$aOpposition (Political science) 676 $a328.73/0769 700 $aTheriault$b Sean M.$f1972-$01052230 801 0$bUkCbUP 801 1$bUkCbUP 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910453551903321 996 $aParty polarization in Congress$92483298 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04832nam 2200661 450 001 9910817956603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-317-82246-3 010 $a1-58391-001-8 010 $a1-315-82030-7 010 $a1-317-82247-1 024 7 $a10.4324/9781315820309 035 $a(CKB)2550000001313308 035 $a(EBL)1702337 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001224899 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12541197 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001224899 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11268880 035 $a(PQKB)11703507 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1702337 035 $a(OCoLC)882251801 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001313308 100 $a20140620h20121999 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aMental retardation $enature, cause, and management /$fGeorge S. Baroff with J. Gregory Olley 205 $aThird edition. 210 1$aAbingdon, Oxon ;$aNew York, New York :$cRoutledge,$d2012. 210 4$dİ1999 215 $a1 online resource (510 p.) 300 $aFirst published by Brunner/Mazel, 1999. 311 $a1-58391-000-X 311 $a1-306-85306-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Preface; 1 The Nature of Mental Retardation; On the Nature of Intelligence; Issues Related to Classification as ""Mentally Retarded""; Prevalence and Causation; Defining Mental Retardation; On the Nature of Intellectual Functioning in Mental Retardation; The Quality of Thinking in Persons with Mental Retardation; Adaptive Functioning: Problems and Potential; Mental Retardation as a ""Developmental"" Disorder; Impact of Mental Retardation on the Family; Summary; Possible Discussion Questions; Appendix; Notes 327 $a2 Personality and Mental RetardationOverview; On Personality Itself; Applying the Personality Model to Persons Who Are Retarded; Summary; Possible Discussion Questions; Notes; 3 Biological Factors in Mental Retardation: Chromosomal and Genetic; Overview; Some Basic Biological Concepts; Chromosomes and Mental Retardation; Genetic Disorders: Genes and Mental Retardation; Summary; Possible Discussion Questions; 4 Nongenetic Biological Factors: Prenatal, Perinatal, and Postnatal; Overview; Prenatal Causes; Perinatal Hazards; Postnatal Hazards 327 $aMajor Neurological Disorders Often Associated with Mental Retardation: Cerebral Palsy and EpilepsySummary; Possible Discussion Questions; Notes; 5 Psychological Factors in Mental Retardation; Overview; Psychological Experience and Intellectual Development; Conditions of Gross Deprivation; Defining a ""Favorable"" Developmental Environment; Children Reared in Large Group-Care Settings; Children Reared by Retarded Parents; Foster Children and Adopted Children; Twin Studies; Prevention of Mental Retardation Through Early-Childhood Education; Summary; Possible Discussion Questions; Note 327 $a6 Introduction to Services and SupportsOverview; The ""Right"" to Services and Supports; Normalization, Choice, and the ""Quality of Life""; Summary; Possible Discussion Questions; Notes; 7 Services and Supports to Children and Youth; Overview; Prevention; Services to Preschool-aged Children; Services to School-aged Children and Youth; Summary; Possible Discussion Questions; Notes; 8 Services and Supports to Adults; Overview; Introduction to Adult Services and Supports; Educational Needs in Adulthood; Vocational and ""Day"" Services; Recreational and Leisure Services; Sexuality 327 $aResidential ServicesHealth Needs; Family-Support Services; Older Persons with Mental Retardation; Summary; Possible Discussion Questions; 9 Maladaptive or ""Challenging"" Behavior: Its Nature and Treatment; Overview; Behavior Problems and Mental Retardation; Diagnosing Behavior Disorders; Treatment Approaches; Severe Maladaptive or Challenging Behaviors and Their Treatment; Summary; Possible Discussion Questions; 10 Psychiatrie Disorders in Mental Retardation; Overview; Identifying Psychiatrie Disorders in Mental Retardation; Major Psychiatrie Disorders in Mental Retardation 327 $aRelated Developmental Disorders 330 $aFirst published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. 606 $aIntellectual disability 606 $aPeople with mental disabilities$xCare 615 0$aIntellectual disability. 615 0$aPeople with mental disabilities$xCare. 676 $a616.85/88 700 $aBaroff$b George S.$01593226 702 $aOlley$b J. Gregory 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910817956603321 996 $aMental retardation$93913253 997 $aUNINA