LEADER 03232nam 2200625 a 450 001 9910453445603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a3-531-91123-6 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-531-91123-6 035 $a(CKB)1000000000546765 035 $a(EBL)750547 035 $a(OCoLC)828797152 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000610164 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11334777 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000610164 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10623592 035 $a(PQKB)10339474 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-531-91123-6 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC750547 035 $a(PPN)130184403 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL750547 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10257834 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL185111 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000546765 100 $a20090209d2008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aLifelong learning$b[electronic resource] $einterpretations of an education policy in Europe /$fAndrea O?hidy ; with a foreword by Ursula Sauer-Schiffer ; translated by Eniko? Gyo?rffy ... [et al.] 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWiesbaden $cVS Research$d2008 215 $a1 online resource (110 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a3-531-15954-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aLifelong Learning: the two main ideas of an educational policy concept in Europe -- Lifelong Learning ? from the educational policy concept to the pedagogic paradigm -- Lifelong Learning and school education -- Lifelong Learning and adult education -- Preparation for Lifelong Learning in practice: cooperative learning. 330 $aIn Europe, the idea of Lifelong Learning has developed from an education policy to the most important pedagogic paradigm. The concept was created as an answer to the international education crisis, diagnozed by Philip H. Coombs in 1967. Since the European Year of Lifelong Learning in 1996, it has been regarded as an alternative to deal with the rapid social, political and economic changes of the modern world. Andrea Óhidy shows the genesis of the concept and its development towards a pedagogic paradigm. She investigates the relations between the concept of Lifelong Learning and school education and points out the most important links between Lifelong Learning and adult education. In pedagogical research on the development of Lifelong Learning the importance of cooperative learning methods has frequently been emphasized whereas their application has not been discussed. The author, therefore, explains a teaching unit to show the practical application of cooperative learning methods. 606 $aContinuing education$zEurope 606 $aEducation and state$zEurope 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aContinuing education 615 0$aEducation and state 676 $a374 700 $aO?hidy$b Andrea$0903444 701 $aSauer-Schiffer$b Ursula$0903445 701 $aGyo?rffy$b Eniko?$0903446 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910453445603321 996 $aLifelong learning$92019715 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05498nam 2200697Ia 450 001 9910830973703321 005 20230422044858.0 010 $a1-281-76408-6 010 $a9786611764081 010 $a3-527-61314-5 010 $a3-527-61315-3 035 $a(CKB)1000000000376629 035 $a(EBL)481354 035 $a(OCoLC)261224704 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000121591 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11922687 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000121591 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10110488 035 $a(PQKB)11051212 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001686769 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16524968 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001686769 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)15051843 035 $a(PQKB)11446094 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC481354 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000376629 100 $a20001129d2000 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aChiral catalyst immobilization and recycling$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by D.E. De Vos, I.F.J. Vankelecom, P.A. Jacobs 210 $aWeinheim ;$aNew York $cWiley-VCH$dc2000 215 $a1 online resource (342 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a3-527-29952-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aChiral Catalvst Immobilization and Recycling; Contents; 1 Enantioselective Heterogeneous Catalysis: Academic and Industrial Challenges; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Industrial Process in General and the Specific Prerequisites for Chiral Catalysts; 1. 2.1 Characteristics of the Manufacture of Enantiomerically Pure Products; 1.2.2 Process Development: Critical Factors for the Application of (Heterogeneous) Enantioselective Catalysts; 1. 2.3 Important Criteria for Enantioselective Catalysts; 1.3 The General Challenges; 1.3.1 For Academia; 1.3.2 For Industry 327 $a1.4 Chiral Heterogeneous Catalysts: State of the Art and Future Challenges1.4.1 Heterogeneous Catalysts Modified with a Chiral Auxiliary; 1.4.1.1 Metallic Catalysts on Chiral Supports; 1.4.1.2 Metallic Catalysts Modified with a Low Molecular Weight Chiral Auxiliary; 1.4.1.3 Metal Oxide Catalysts Modified with a Chiral Auxiliary having Low Molecular Weight; 1.4.2 Immobilized and Functionalized Homogeneous Catalysts; 1.4.2.1 lmmobilized Homogeneous Catalysts; 1.4.2.2 Alternative Methods Using Functionalized Ligands; 1.4.3 Catalysts with No Known Heterogeneous or Homogeneous Precedent 327 $a1.4.3.1 Insoluble Polypeptides and Gels1.4.3.2 Artificial Catalytic Antibodies; 1.5 Conclusions; References; 2 Catalyst Immobilization on Inorganic Supports; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 General Considerations; 2.3 Supports; 2.4 Improved Activity of Heterogeneous Complexes; 2.5 Practical Examples; 2.5.1 Covalent Attachment; 2.5.2 Adsorption or Ion-Pair Formation; 2.5.3 Encapsutation; 2.5.4 Entrapment; 2.5.5 Supported Liquid Phase (SLP); 2.5.6 Modification of an Achiral Heterogeneous Catalyst with a Chiral Auxiliary; 2.5.7 Achiral Metal Catalysts on Chiral Supports; References 327 $a3 Organic Polymers as a Catalyst Recovery Vehicle3.1 General Introduction; 3.2 Alkene Hydrogenation; 3.3 Carbonyl and Imine Reduction; 3.4 Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation; 3.5 Carbonyl Alkylation; 3.6 Diels-Alder Reactions; 3.7 Enolate Chemistry; 3.8 Strecker Chemistry; 3.9 Asymmetric Dihydroxylation; 3.10 Epoxidation and Epoxide Ring Opening; 3.11 Acylation Catalysts; 3.12 Conclusion; References; 4 Liquid Biphasic Enantioselective Catalysis; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Hydrogenation; 4.3 Hydroformylation; 4.4 Oxidation; 4.5 Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Reactions; 4.6 Enzymatic Reactions; 4.7 Summary 327 $aReferences5 Immobilized Enzymes in Enantioselective Organic Synthesis; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Immobilization; 5.2.1 Methods of Immobilization; 5.2.1.1 Enzymes; 5.2.1.2 Carriers; 5.2.1.3 Binding Enzymes to Carriers; 5.2.1.4 Cross-Linked Enzyme Crystals; 5.2.2 Activity Assay; 5.2.3 Activity Balance; 5.2.4 Cost of Immobilization; 5.3 Operation; 5.3.1 Reactors; 5.3.2 Operational Stability; 5.4 Summary; References; 6 Enantioselective Hydrogenation Catalyzed by Platinum Group Metals Modified by Natural Alkaloids; 6.1 Historical Perspective 327 $a6.2 Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Activated Ketones over Platinum 330 $aHomogeneous asymmetric catalysis offers reliable results and the possibility to 'tune' the catalysis on a rational basis. A pitfall, however, is that the separation of the catalyst from the starting material and products is difficult and often results in the loss of the catalytic material.Immobilization offers a potential solution for the user of enantioselective catalysts in industrial processes and laboratories. Heterogeneous catalysis allows continuous operations, recycling of the catalyst, and an easy separation of the reaction products, reducing both waste and costs.Chemis 606 $aEnantioselective catalysis 606 $aCatalysts 615 0$aEnantioselective catalysis. 615 0$aCatalysts. 676 $a541.395 676 $a547.1395 701 $aVos$b D. E. de$g(Dirk E.)$01675350 701 $aVankelecom$b I. F. J$g(Ivo F. J.)$01675351 701 $aJacobs$b Peter A$020054 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910830973703321 996 $aChiral catalyst immobilization and recycling$94040730 997 $aUNINA