LEADER 04470nam 2200589 450 001 9910453093603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-118-69796-0 010 $a1-118-69798-7 010 $a1-118-69797-9 035 $a(CKB)2550000001127228 035 $a(EBL)1443900 035 $a(OCoLC)859835742 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1443900 035 $a(DLC) 2013028461 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1443900 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10780739 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL527892 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001127228 100 $a20130708d2014 uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 10$aMaking the modern world $ematerials and dematerialization /$fVaclav Smil 210 1$aChichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom :$cJohn Wiley & Sons Inc.,$d2014. 215 $a1 online resource (243 p.) 300 $aIncludes index. 311 $a1-119-94253-5 311 $a1-299-96641-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Preface: Why and How; Chapter 1 What Gets Included; Chapter 2 How We Got Here; 2.1 Materials Used by Organisms; 2.2 Materials in Prehistory; 2.3 Ancient and Medieval Materials; 2.4 Materials in the Early Modern Era; 2.5 Creating Modern Material Civilization; 2.6 Materials in the Twentieth Century; Chapter 3 What Matters Most; 3.1 Biomaterials; 3.2 Construction Materials; 3.3 Metals; 3.4 Plastics; 3.5 Industrial Gases; 3.6 Fertilizers; 3.7 Materials in Electronics; Chapter 4 How the Materials Flow; 4.1 Material Flow Accounts; 4.2 America's Material Flows 327 $a4.3 European Balances4.4 Materials in China's Modernization; 4.5 Energy Cost of Materials; 4.6 Life-Cycle Assessments; 4.7 Recycling; Chapter 5 Are We Dematerializing?; 5.1 Apparent Dematerializations; 5.2 Relative Dematerializations: Specific Weight Reductions; 5.3 Consequences of Dematerialization; 5.4 Relative Dematerialization in Modern Economies; 5.5 Declining Energy Intensities; 5.6 Decarbonization and Desulfurization; Chapter 6 Material Outlook; 6.1 Natural Resources; 6.2 Wasting Less; 6.3 New Materials and Dematerialization; 6.4 Chances of Fundamental Departures; References; Index 330 $a"How much further should the affluent world push its material consumption? Does relative dematerialization lead to absolute decline in demand for materials? These and many other questions are discussed and answered in Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization.Over the course of time, the modern world has become dependent on unprecedented flows of materials. Now even the most efficient production processes and the highest practical rates of recycling may not be enough to result in dematerialization rates that would be high enough to negate the rising demand for materials generated by continuing population growth and rising standards of living. This book explores the costs of this dependence and the potential for substantial dematerialization of modern economies. Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization considers the principal materials used throughout history, from wood and stone, through to metals, alloys, plastics, and silicon, describing their extraction and production as well as their dominant applications. The evolving productivities of material extraction, processing, synthesis, finishing, and distribution, and the energy costs and environmental impact of rising material consumption are examined in detail. The book concludes with an outlook for the future, discussing the prospects for dematerialization and potential constraints on materials.This interdisciplinary text will provide useful perspectives for readers with backgrounds including resource economics, environmental studies, energy analysis, mineral geology, industrial organization, manufacturing, and material science"--$cProvided by publisher. 606 $aWaste minimization 606 $aMaterials 606 $aRaw materials 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aWaste minimization. 615 0$aMaterials. 615 0$aRaw materials. 676 $a306.3 686 $aTEC021000$2bisacsh 700 $aSmil$b Vaclav$0140188 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910453093603321 996 $aMaking the modern world$91985180 997 $aUNINA