LEADER 05047nam 2200745Ia 450 001 9910452407303321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a0-8122-2227-X 010 $a1-283-89054-2 010 $a0-8122-0356-9 024 7 $a10.9783/9780812203561 035 $a(CKB)2550000000104580 035 $a(OCoLC)802052848 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10576131 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000811925 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12344623 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000811925 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10851142 035 $a(PQKB)10334024 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000686558 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11481442 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000686558 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10733024 035 $a(PQKB)10839166 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3441690 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse18481 035 $a(DE-B1597)449191 035 $a(OCoLC)1013957180 035 $a(OCoLC)979753707 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780812203561 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3441690 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10576131 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL420304 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000104580 100 $a20081202d2009 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aSweet liberty$b[electronic resource] $ethe final days of slavery in Martinique /$fRebecca Hartkopf Schloss 210 $aPhiladelphia $cUniversity of Pennsylvania Press$dc2009 215 $a1 online resource (311 p.) 225 1 $aEarly American studies 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a0-8122-4172-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $t Frontmatter -- $tContents -- $tIntroduction. Sweet Liberty: The Final Days of Slavery in Martinique -- $tChapter one. "That Your Hearts Will Blossom and Again Become French": The Early Napoleonic Period -- $tChapter two. "Happy to Consider Itself an Ancient British Possession": The British Occupation of Martinique -- $tChapter three. "Your French and Loyal Hearts": The First Decade of the Restoration -- $tChapter four. "In the Colonies, It Is Impossible That a White Would Align Himself with Slaves": Shifts in Colonial Policy -- $tChapter five. "To Ensure Equality Before Those Laws to Free Men, Whatever Their Color": Changing Ideas of French Citizenship -- $tChapter six. "Amelioration of the White Race" and "The Sacred Rights of Property": The End of Slavery in the French Atlantic -- $tConclusion -- $tAbbreviations -- $tNotes -- $tIndex -- $tAcknowledgments 330 $aFrom its founding, Martinique played an integral role in France's Atlantic empire. Established in the mid-seventeenth century as a colonial outpost against Spanish and English dominance in the Caribbean, the island was transformed by the increase in European demand for sugar, coffee, and indigo. Like other colonial subjects, Martinicans met the labor needs of cash-crop cultivation by establishing plantations worked by enslaved Africans and by adopting the rigidly hierarchical social structure that accompanied chattel slavery. After Haiti gained its independence in 1804, Martinique's economic importance to the French empire increased. At the same time, questions arose, both in France and on the island, about the long-term viability of the plantation system, including debates about the ways colonists-especially enslaved Africans and free mixed-race individuals-fit into the French nation.Sweet Liberty chronicles the history of Martinique from France's reacquisition of the island from the British in 1802 to the abolition of slavery in 1848. Focusing on the relationship between the island's widely diverse society and the various waves of French and British colonial administrations, Rebecca Hartkopf Schloss provides a compelling account of Martinique's social, political, and cultural dynamics during the final years of slavery in the French empire. Schloss explores how various groups-Creole and metropolitan elites, petits blancs, gens de couleur, and enslaved Africans-interacted with one another in a constantly shifting political environment and traces how these interactions influenced the colony's debates around identity, citizenship, and the boundaries of the French nation.Based on extensive archival research in Europe and the Americas, Sweet Liberty is a groundbreaking study of a neglected region that traces how race, slavery, class, and gender shaped what it meant to be French on both sides of the Atlantic. 410 0$aEarly American studies. 606 $aSlavery$zMartinique$xHistory 606 $aSlaves$zMartinique$xHistory 607 $aMartinique$xHistory 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aSlavery$xHistory. 615 0$aSlaves$xHistory. 676 $a306.3/620972982 700 $aSchloss$b Rebecca Hartkopf$f1970-$01032491 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910452407303321 996 $aSweet liberty$92450389 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05031nam 2200529 450 001 9910807701203321 005 20230803015130.0 010 $a2-8027-4382-1 035 $a(CKB)3790000000018458 035 $a(EBL)2085587 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC2085587 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL2085587 035 $a(OCoLC)914152254 035 $a(EXLCZ)993790000000018458 100 $a20220518d2013 uy 0 101 0 $afre 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 13$aL' Unite? des Liberte?s de Circulation /$fEdouard Dubout, Alexandre Maitrot de la Motte 210 1$aBruxelles :$cBruylant,$d[2013] 210 4$d©2013 215 $a1 online resource (718 p.) 225 0 $aCollection Droit de l'Union Europe?enne - Colloques 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a2-8027-4179-9 327 $aCouverture; Titre; Copyright; Collection; Sommaire; Avant-propos; L'e?criture des liberte?s de circulation; I. - L'aboutissement d'une longue ne?gociation; A. - Une e?criture dans la discre?tion; B. - Une e?criture oriente?e par l'objectif exclusif de marche? commun; II. - Une e?criture inde?termine?e; A. - Une liberte? centrale : la libre circulation des marchandises; B. - Le caracte?re comple?mentaire des autres liberte?s de circulation; III. - La repre?sentation des liberte?s de circulation; A. - Des liberte?s au centre d'une « constitution e?conomique » 327 $aB. - La re?e?criture jurisprudentielle des liberte?s de circulationIer Partie The?se : Proble?matiser l'unite?; Situations purement internes et liberte?s de circulation; I. - La compe?tence de l'E?tat membre; II. - Les pouvoirs du juge national; III. - L'e?le?ment de rattachement au droit de l'Union; Liberte?s de circulation et situations horizontales - la personne prive?e comme destinataire commun ?; I. - Les fondements de l'horizontalisation diversifie?e; II. - Les instruments de l'horizontalisation unifie?e 327 $aExistence/exercice des droits subjectifs et liberte?s de circulation : l'hypothe?se (a? nouveau) d'un rapport de mise en ?uvrePre?sentation; Introduction; I. - De la distinction existence/exercice des droits dans la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice; II. - Les significations rejete?es (ou le droit saisi par le haut); III. - La signification propose?e (ou le droit saisi par le bas) : l'affirmation (a? nouveau) d'un rapport de mise en ?uvre; En guise de conclusion; L'acce?s au marche? est-il le crite?re de l'entrave aux liberte?s de circulation ? 327 $a I. - L'acce?s au marche?, crite?re commun de l'entrave II. - L'acce?s au marche?, crite?re unique de l'entrave ?; Liberte?s de circulation et abus de droit; I. - Les fonctions de la doctrine de l'interdiction des abus; II. - La retenue a? l'e?gard de la doctrine de l'interdiction des abus; Conclusion; La justification des atteintes aux liberte?s de circulation : cadre me?thodologique et spe?cificite?s mate?rielles; Introduction; I. - De?construction; II. - Reconstruction d'une the?orie des RIIGs 327 $aConclusion : Repositionnement, par rapport aux autres moyens d'accommoder les inte?re?ts des E?tats membresIIe?me Partie Antithe?se : E?prouver l'unite?; Ope?rateur e?conomique, citoyen, « personne » : quelle liberte? choisir pour la protection de ses droits ? E pluribus unum; I. - La trilogie; II. - Le choix; Libre prestation de services et droit d'e?tablissement : les strate?gies des entreprises; I. - Les liberte?s de circulation comme e?le?ments des strate?gies d'entreprises; II. - Les espaces strate?giques modele?s par le droit; Conclusion; La spe?cificite? de la libre circulation des marchandises 327 $a I. - Introduction 330 $a Pour e?laborer leurs strate?gies au sein d'un espace en cours d'unification, les acteurs de la construction europe?enne peuvent se demander si, au-dela? de la diversite? de leurs re?gimes, les liberte?s de circulation n'obe?issent pas a? des principes communs. In varietate concordia ?Apre?s un retour sur leur e?criture (S. De La Rosa), cet ouvrage retient un raisonnement dialectique. Sa the?se entend proble?matiser l'unite? des liberte?s de circulation : sont envisage?s les situations purement internes (F. Martucci), les situations horizontales (E .Dubout), les droits subjectifs (J.-S. Berge?), le crite?re de 410 0$aCollection droit de l'Union europe?enne - Colloques 606 $aFreedom of movement$zEuropean Union countries$vCongresses 615 0$aFreedom of movement 676 $a341.4842094 700 $aDubout$b E?douard$01085518 702 $aMaitrot de la Motte$b Alexandre 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910807701203321 996 $aL' Unite? des Liberte?s de Circulation$93933221 997 $aUNINA