LEADER 04123nam 2200673Ia 450 001 9910450997103321 005 20210614220418.0 010 $a1-78892-074-0 010 $a1-280-73944-4 010 $a9786610739448 010 $a1-85359-936-0 024 7 $a10.21832/9781853599361 035 $a(CKB)1000000000337006 035 $a(EBL)282684 035 $a(OCoLC)439707536 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000133004 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11143516 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000133004 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10040171 035 $a(PQKB)11691392 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC282684 035 $a(DE-B1597)513607 035 $a(OCoLC)437175722 035 $a(DE-B1597)9781853599361 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL282684 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10156064 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL73944 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000337006 100 $a20060706d2007 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn#---|u||u 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aCross-linguistic similarity in foreign language learning$b[electronic resource] /$fHakan Ringbom 210 $aClevedon, [England] ;$aBuffalo $cMultilingual Matters$dc2007 215 $a1 online resource (152 p.) 225 0 $aSecond language acquisition ;$v21 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 0 $a1-85359-934-4 311 0 $a1-85359-935-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tAcknowledgements --$tChapter 1. Introduction --$tChapter 2. Different Types of Cross-linguistic Similarities --$tChapter 3. Learner Expectations, On-line Comprehension and Receptive Learning --$tChapter 4. Cross-linguistic Similarities in Comprehension and Production: The Mental Lexicon --$tChapter 5. Transfer: The Use of Cross-linguistic Similarities. The Finnish Scene --$tChapter 6. Tests of English Comparing Finnish and Swedish Speakers in Finland --$tChapter 7. Levels of Transfer: Items and Procedures (Systems) --$tChapter 8. Item Transfer in Production: Areas of Language --$tChapter 9. Skill Theory, Automaticity and Foreign Language Learning --$tChapter 10. Development of Foreign Language Learning --$tChapter 11. Consequences for Teaching --$tChapter 12. Further Research Needed --$tChapter 13. Conclusion --$tAppendix 1 --$tAppendix 2 --$tReferences --$tIndex of Persons Cited 330 $aThis book explores the importance of cross-linguistic similarity in foreign language learning. While linguists have primarily focused upon differences between languages, learners strive to make use of any similarities to prior linguistic knowledge they can perceive. The role of positive transfer is emphasized as well as the essential differences between comprehension and production. In comprehension of related languages, cross-linguistic similarities are easily perceived while in comprehension of distant languages they are merely assumed. Production may be based on previous perception of similarities, but frequently similarities are here merely assumed. Initially, effective learning is based on quick establishment of cross-linguistic one-to-one relations between individual items. As learning progresses, the learner learns to modify such oversimplified relations. The book describes the ways in which transfer affects different areas of language, taking account of the differences between learning a language perceived to be similar and a language where few or no cross-linguistic similarities can be established. 410 0$aSecond Language Acquisition S. 606 $aLanguage and languages$xStudy and teaching 606 $aSimilarity (Language learning) 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aLanguage and languages$xStudy and teaching. 615 0$aSimilarity (Language learning) 676 $a418.001/9 700 $aRingbom$b H?akan$0468406 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910450997103321 996 $aCross-linguistic similarity in foreign language learning$92447305 997 $aUNINA