LEADER 05157nam 2200625 a 450 001 9910452760603321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a0-7618-5482-7 010 $a1-299-05050-6 035 $a(CKB)2550000000996674 035 $a(EBL)1120212 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000908116 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12405318 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000908116 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10898582 035 $a(PQKB)10396313 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1120212 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1120212 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10655639 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL436300 035 $a(OCoLC)855502583 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000996674 100 $a20130225d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aObjective economics$b[electronic resource] $ehow Ayn Rand's philosophy changes everything about economics /$fM. Northrup Buechner 210 $aLanham $cUniversity Press of America, Inc.$d2011 215 $a1 online resource (365 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-7618-5481-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aOBJECTIVE ECONOMICS; TABLE OF CONTENTS; PREFACE; INTRODUCTION; CHAPTER ONE METHOD AND CONTEXT; I. The Method of Economics; A. Induction; B. Other Things Equal; C. How to Evaluate This Book; II. Laissez-Faire Capitalism; Money; CHAPTER TWO OBJECTIVE ECONOMIC VALUE; I. The Modern Meaning of Value; The Role of Philosophy; II. The Objective versus the Intrinsic and the Subjective; A. The Intrinsic; B. The Subjective; C. The Objective; III. Intrinsic Value versus Subjective Value; A. Intrinsic Value; B. Subjective Value; IV. Objective Value; A. Introduction 327 $aB. The Standard of Objective Economic ValueC. Knowledge and Objective Economic Value; Three meanings of value; D. Optional Values Are Objective Values; E. Nonobjective Values Are Objective Disvalues; F. Objective Value versus Subjective Value; G. Objective Economic Value; CHAPTER THREE FUNDAMENTAL ECONOMIC CONCEPTS; I. Supply and Demand; A. The Importance of a Theory of Price; B. The Historical Role of the Law of Supply and Demand; C. The Meaning of Supply and Demand; D. The Law of Supply and Demand; II. Goods and Services; III. Market; IV. Capital and Wealth; V. Price 327 $aA. The Doctrine of Relative PricesB. The Objective Price; C. The Opportunity Cost Doctrine; D. The Intrinsic Conception of the Real Price; Intrinsic price in Adam Smith; VI. Competition; CHAPTER FOUR FOUNDATIONAL THEORIES; I. The Theory of Consumer Choice; A. Hierarchies of Values; B. Consumer Choice; C. The Diminishing Marginal Value of Money; II. The Law of Demand; III. The Principle of Gains from Trade; IV. The Theory of Objective Business Costs; A. Alternative Concepts of Business Costs; B. Problems in the Calculation of Business Costs; 1. Anomalies of cost allocation; Labor costs 327 $aMaterials costsMachine costs; Handling and carrying costs; Administrative costs; Advertising and promotion costs; 2. Erroneous cost calculations; 3. Costs calculated by reference to the selling price; 4. Summing up; C. The Theory of Objective Costs; CHAPTER FIVE INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF OBJECTIVE PRICES; I. The Three Theories of Price; A. The Intrinsic Theory of Price; B. The Subjective Theory of Price; C. Marshall's Theory of Price; D. The Objective Theory of Price; II. Background Considerations; A. Case 1; B. Case 2; C. Case 3; III. How Prices Are Created 327 $aA. Preliminary Comments on TerminologyB. The Markets of a Free Economy; C. The Five Methods of Price Creation; CHAPTER SIX SOME ONE SETS THE PRICE; I. Introduction; The Calculation of Profit; II. Demand; Socially Objective Value; III. Unit Costs; A. Average Cost Pricing; B. Variable Cost Pricing; C. Marginalism; D. The Required Relation of Cost to Price; E. The Structure of Unit Costs; IV. Competition; A. The Prices Currently Charged by One's Competitors; B. The Quality of One's Product Relative to Competing Products; C. Price Leadership; V. Additional Issues; A. Expectations 327 $aB. Complications 330 $aEvery price is set by someone; this is where economics begins. Building on that fundamental idea and on Ayn Rand's philosophy of Objectivism, Objective Economics transforms economics. The thesis of this book is that Ayn Rand's concept of "objective" is the indispensible base of valid economic thought. Consistently applying this idea across the board, the author reaches a general theory of price for the first time in the history of economic thought. This theory of price then provides a valid base for explaining how a free 606 $aEconomics 606 $aObjectivism (Philosophy) 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aEconomics. 615 0$aObjectivism (Philosophy) 676 $a330 700 $aBuechner$b M. Northrup$0914560 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910452760603321 996 $aObjective economics$92049623 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04010nam 22007215 450 001 9910447249403321 005 20251121144915.0 010 $a3-030-65742-6 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-030-65742-0 035 $a(CKB)4100000011665177 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-030-65742-0 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6426118 035 $a(PPN)252514696 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000011665177 100 $a20201215d2020 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn|008mamaa 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aAdvanced Analytics and Learning on Temporal Data $e5th ECML PKDD Workshop, AALTD 2020, Ghent, Belgium, September 18, 2020, Revised Selected Papers /$fedited by Vincent Lemaire, Simon Malinowski, Anthony Bagnall, Thomas Guyet, Romain Tavenard, Georgiana Ifrim 205 $a1st ed. 2020. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2020. 215 $a1 online resource (X, 233 p. 88 illus., 67 illus. in color.) 225 1 $aLecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence,$x2945-9141 ;$v12588 311 08$a3-030-65741-8 327 $aTemporal Data Clustering -- Classification of Univariate and Multivariate Time Series -- Early Classification of Temporal Data -- Deep Learning and Learning Representations for Temporal Data -- Modeling Temporal Dependencies -- Advanced Forecasting and Prediction Models -- Space-Temporal Statistical Analysis -- Functional Data Analysis Methods -- Temporal Data Streams -- Interpretable Time-Series Analysis Methods -- Dimensionality Reduction, Sparsity, Algorithmic Complexity and Big Data Challenge -- Bio-Informatics, Medical, Energy Consumption, Temporal Data. 330 $aThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th ECML PKDD Workshop on Advanced Analytics and Learning on Temporal Data, AALTD 2019, held in Ghent, Belgium, in September 2020. The 15 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 29 submissions. 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