LEADER 04528nam 22006975 450 001 9910437935603321 005 20200702215410.0 010 $a94-007-6202-X 024 7 $a10.1007/978-94-007-6202-2 035 $a(CKB)3390000000037215 035 $a(EBL)1206407 035 $a(OCoLC)830394768 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000878760 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11436040 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000878760 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10837180 035 $a(PQKB)10929559 035 $a(DE-He213)978-94-007-6202-2 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1206407 035 $a(PPN)169142361 035 $a(EXLCZ)993390000000037215 100 $a20130305d2013 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aDrift, Deformation, and Fracture of Sea Ice$b[electronic resource] $eA Perspective Across Scales /$fby Jerome Weiss 205 $a1st ed. 2013. 210 1$aDordrecht :$cSpringer Netherlands :$cImprint: Springer,$d2013. 215 $a1 online resource (83 p.) 225 1 $aSpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences,$x2191-5369 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a94-007-6201-1 327 $aSea ice drift -- Sea ice deformation -- Sea ice fracturing -- Recent evolution of sea ice kinematics and rheology -- Modeling of sea ice rheology and deformation. 330 $aSea ice is a major component of polar environments, especially in the Arctic where it covers the entire Arctic Ocean during most of the year. However, in a context of climate change, the Arctic sea ice cover has been declining significantly over the last decades, either in terms of concentration or thickness. The sea ice cover evolution and climate change are strongly coupled through the albedo positive feedback, thus possibly explaining the Arctic amplification of climate warming. In addition to thermodynamics, sea ice kinematics (drift, deformation) appears as an essential player in the evolution of the ice cover through a reduction of the average ice age (and so of thickness), or ice export out of the Arctic. This is a first motivation for a better understanding of kinematical and mechanical processes of sea ice. A more upstream, theoretical motivation is a better understanding of brittle deformation of geophysical objects across a wide range of scales. Indeed, owing to its very strong kinematics, compared e.g. to the Earth?s crust, an unrivaled kinematical dataset is available for sea ice from in-situ (e.g. drifting buoys) or satellite observations. Here we review recent advances on the understanding of sea ice drift, deformation and fracturing obtained from these data. We particularly focus on the scaling properties in time and scale that characterize these processes, and we emphasize the analogies that can be drawn with the deformation of the Earth?s crust. These scaling properties, which are the signature of long-range elastic interactions within the cover, constrain future developments in the modeling of sea ice mechanics. We also show that kinematical and rheological variables such as average velocity, average strain-rate or strength have significantly changed over the last decades, accompanying and actually strengthening the Arctic sea ice decline. 410 0$aSpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences,$x2191-5369 606 $aGeophysics 606 $aOceanography 606 $aEnvironmental sciences 606 $aPhysical geography 606 $aGeophysics/Geodesy$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/G18009 606 $aOceanography$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/G25005 606 $aEnvironmental Physics$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/U19001 606 $aEarth System Sciences$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/G35000 615 0$aGeophysics. 615 0$aOceanography. 615 0$aEnvironmental sciences. 615 0$aPhysical geography. 615 14$aGeophysics/Geodesy. 615 24$aOceanography. 615 24$aEnvironmental Physics. 615 24$aEarth System Sciences. 676 $a551.34 676 $a551.343 700 $aWeiss$b Jerome$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$01060660 702 $aThorndike$b A. S$g(Alan S.), 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910437935603321 996 $aDrift, Deformation, and Fracture of Sea Ice$92514793 997 $aUNINA