LEADER 12756nam 22007335 450 001 9910437852803321 005 20200703235950.0 010 $a3-642-28753-0 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-642-28753-4 035 $a(CKB)3710000000031257 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-642-28753-4 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001066416 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11583692 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001066416 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11072230 035 $a(PQKB)10687338 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3095791 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3095791 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10969098 035 $a(OCoLC)864823512 035 $a(PPN)176110356 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000031257 100 $a20131130d2013 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn|008mamaa 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aEncyclopedia of Pain$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by Gerald F. Gebhart, Robert F. Schmidt 205 $a2nd ed. 2013. 210 1$aBerlin, Heidelberg :$cSpringer Berlin Heidelberg :$cImprint: Springer,$d2013. 215 $a1 online resource (LXXVII, 4348 p. 795 illus., 485 illus. in color. eReference.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 $a3-642-28754-9 311 $a3-642-28752-2 327 $aIntro -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Preface to the First Edition -- About the Editors -- Section Editors -- Contributors -- A -- ?2A or ?2C-Adrenoceptor Agonists -- ?2-Adrenergic Agonists -- ?-Agonists -- Adelta-mechanoreceptor -- A Afferent Fibers (Neurons) -- Definition -- Cross-References -- A Delta(delta)-mechanoheat Receptor -- A Fibers (A-Fibers) -- Definition -- Cross-References -- AAV -- Abacterial Meningitis -- Abdominal Skin Reflex -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Abduction -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Aberrant Drug-Related Behaviors -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Ablation -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Abnormal Illness Affirming States -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Abnormal Illness Behavior -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Abnormal Illness Behavior of the Unconsciously Motivated, Somatically Focussed Type -- Abnormal Sensation -- Abnormal Temporal Summation -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Abnormal Ureteric Peristalsis in Stone Rats -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Abscess -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Absorption -- Definition -- Cross-References -- ACC -- Accelerated Recovery Programs -- Acceleration-deceleration Injury -- Accelerometer -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acceptance -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Characteristics -- Expanded Definition -- Evidence for Acceptance -- Wider Psychological Model -- Measures of Acceptance -- References -- Acceptance-based Treatment -- Accommodation (of a Nerve Fiber) -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Accuracy and Reliability of Memory -- Definition -- Cross-References -- ACE Inhibitors, Beta(beta)-Blockers -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acetaminophen -- Acetylation -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acetylcholine -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acetylcholine Receptors -- Definition. 327 $aACh -- Ache in First Trimester or in Early Gestation -- Acidosis -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acid-Sensing Ion Channels -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Characteristics -- Cross-References -- References -- Acinar Cell Injury -- Acting-out -- Action Potential -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Action Potential Conduction of C-Fibers -- Actiq -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Actiq Oral Transmucosal Fentanyl Citrate -- Activa -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Activation/Reassurance -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Characteristics -- Evidence -- Principles -- References -- Active Inhibition -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Active Myofascial Trigger Point -- Definition -- Cross-References -- ActiveLocus -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Activities of Daily Living -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Activity -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Activity Limitation -- Activity Limitations -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Activity Measurement -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Activity Mobilization -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Activity-dependent Slowing -- Acupuncture -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acupuncture Efficacy -- Definition -- Characteristics -- Any Chronic Pain -- Dental Pain -- Headache -- Neck Pain -- Back Pain -- Fibromyalgia -- Osteoarthritis -- Conclusion -- Cross-References -- References -- Acupuncture Mechanisms -- Definition -- Common Clinical Observations Concerning Therapeutic Acupuncture for Chronic Pain -- Acupuncture is a Form of Sensory Afferent Stimulation -- Characteristics -- Conclusions from the Existing Acupuncture Experimental Data -- Acupuncture Mechanisms: The Standard Neurophysiological Model -- Problems with the Standard Neurophysiological Model to Explain Clinical Observations -- Hypothesis on Different Mechanisms for Acupuncture -- Acupuncture Induces Peripheral Events. 327 $aAxon Reflexes, Neuropeptides, and Dichotomizing Nerve Fibers -- Neuropeptides and Trophic Effects -- Local Endorphins -- Changes in Nociceptor Density in the Tissue -- Spinal Mechanisms -- Gate Control -- Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) and Long-Term Depression (LTD) in the Dorsal Horn -- Propriospinal Pain Inhibition (Extrasegmental Needles) -- Supraspinal Mechanisms -- The Descending Pain-Inhibitory Systems -- The DNIC System -- The Sympathetic Nervous System and the HPA axis -- Oxytocin -- Cortical, Psychological, and Placebo Mechanisms (From the Treatment Sessions) -- Summary -- References -- Acupuncture-Like TENS -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acute Backache -- Acute Experimental Monoarthritis -- Acute Experimental Synovitis -- Acute Idiopathic Demyelinating Polyneuropathy -- Acute Idiopathic Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy -- Acute Ischemia Test -- Acute Knee Joint Inflammation -- Acute Lumbago -- Acute Pain -- Characteristics -- Why Should We Aim to Optimize the Management of Acute Pain? -- Neuroendocrine and Metabolic Responses to Surgery -- Endocrine -- Metabolic -- Reasons for Ineffective Analgesia -- Mechanisms in Acute Pain -- The Scope of Acute Pain Management -- Providing Comprehensive Acute Pain Management -- Clinical Practice Guidelines for Acute Pain Teams -- Guidelines -- Major Goals -- Preemptive Analgesia -- Treatment Strategies: General -- Patient-Controlled Analgesia -- Epidural Analgesia -- Intrathecal Analgesia -- Pharmacotherapies -- Opioids -- Non-Opioids -- Paracetamol -- Tramadol -- Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs -- Gabapentin and Pregabalin -- Neuropathic Pain -- Features Suggestive of Neuropathic Pain -- Specific Acute Pain States -- Summary -- References -- Acute Pain Database -- Acute Pain in Children, Postoperative -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Characteristics -- Causes and Risk Factors. 327 $aImportance of Effective Management of Postoperative Pain -- Assessment Tools -- Strategies for Postoperative Pain Management -- Pharmacological Treatment of Postoperative Pain -- Summary -- References -- Acute Pain in Children, Procedural -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Characteristics -- Invasive Procedures in Children -- Factors that Affect Procedural Pain in Children -- Assessment of Procedural Pain in Children -- Pharmacological Interventions for Procedural Pain in Children -- Routine Medical Procedures -- Specialized Medical Procedures -- Psychological Interventions for Procedural Pain in Children -- Routine Medical Procedures -- Specialized Medical Procedures -- Summary -- References -- Acute Pain Management in Infants -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Characteristics -- Developmental Considerations -- An Integrated Approach to Acute Pain Management -- Limit Exposure to Pain-Inducing Procedures -- Select the Least Painful Diagnostic or Therapeutic Method -- Nonpharmacological Strategies for Management of Infant Acute Pain -- Contextual Strategies to Manage Infant Pain -- Cognitive Strategies -- Behavioral Strategies -- Summary -- References -- Acute Pain Mechanisms -- Definition -- Characteristics -- Peripheral Nociception -- Inflammatory-Induced Peripheral Sensitization -- Spinal Cord Integration -- Spinal Modulation and Central Sensitization -- Projection Pathways -- Cortical Representation -- References -- Acute Pain Service -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acute Pain Team -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acute Pain Therapy -- Definition -- References -- Acute Pain, Subacute Pain, and Chronic Pain -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Characteristics -- References -- Acute Painful Diabetic Neuropathy -- Acute Pelvic Pain -- Acute Phase Protein -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acute Postinfectious Polyradiculoneuropathy. 327 $aAcute Postoperative Pain in Children -- Acute Postoperative Pain Therapy -- Acute Procedural Pain in Children -- Acute Salpingitis -- Acute Sciatica -- Acute Stress Disorder -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Acute-Recurrent Pain -- Adaptation -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adaptation Phase -- Definition -- Cross-References -- ADD Protocol -- Addiction -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adduction -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adenoassociated Virus Vectors -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adenoma -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adenomyosis -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adenomyosis Model -- Adenosine 5 Triphosphate -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adenoviral Vectors -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adequate Stimulus -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adherence -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adhesion Molecules -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adjunctive Drugs -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adjusted Odds Ratio -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adjustment Disorder -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adjuvant -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adjuvant Analgesic -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adjuvant Analgesics in Management of Cancer-Related Bone Pain -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Characteristics -- References -- Adjuvant Analgesics in Management of Cancer-Related Neuropathic Pain -- Definition -- Characteristics -- Types of Adjuvant Analgesics -- First-Line Adjuvant Analgesics in Cancer Pain -- Other Multipurpose Drugs Used for Neuropathic Pain -- Other Drugs -- Summary -- References -- Adjuvant Arthritis -- Adjuvant-induced Arthritis -- Adolescent -- Adrenergic Agonist -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adrenergic Antagonist -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adrenergic Receptors -- Definition -- Cross-References -- Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome. 327 $aAdverse Effects. 330 $aThis is the most comprehensive overview available anywhere on the broad, multi-faceted and complex topic of pain ? and the rapidly evolving scientific and medical disciplines that seek to understand, assess and treat pain. The second edition of the Encyclopedia of Pain is fully updated and has been expanded by over 100 new essays.It includes more than 3,000 entries and provides clear, detailed and up-to-date coverage of the current state of research, and treatment of pain. In addition, detailed essays provide in-depth information on all aspects of nociception and pain, including substrates, causes, pathophysiology, symptoms and signs, diagnoses and treatment. More than 600 color figures enhance understanding of this too-little-understood topic. Solidly structured and inclusive, this reference is an invaluable tool for clinical scientists and practitioners in academia, health care and industry, as well as students, teachers and interested laypersons. 606 $aNeurosciences 606 $aPain medicine 606 $aPsychiatry 606 $aNeurosciences$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/B18006 606 $aPain Medicine$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/H47003 606 $aPsychiatry$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/H53003 615 0$aNeurosciences. 615 0$aPain medicine. 615 0$aPsychiatry. 615 14$aNeurosciences. 615 24$aPain Medicine. 615 24$aPsychiatry. 676 $a612.8 702 $aGebhart$b Gerald F$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 702 $aSchmidt$b Robert F$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910437852803321 996 $aEncyclopedia of Pain$92522989 997 $aUNINA