LEADER 04387nam 2200541 450 001 9910137077903321 005 20230808194743.0 010 $a0-300-22078-2 024 7 $a10.12987/9780300220780 035 $a(CKB)3710000000828775 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4518771 035 $a(DE-B1597)540416 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780300220780 035 $a(OCoLC)965147593 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000828775 100 $a20160902h20162016 uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 10$aHubbard Brook $ethe story of a forest ecosystem /$fRichard T. Holmes and Gene E. Likens 210 1$aNew Haven :$cYale University Press,$d[2016] 210 4$dİ2016 215 $a1 online resource (286 pages) $ccolor illustrations 311 $a0-300-20364-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFrontmatter -- $tContents -- $tPreface -- $tAcknowledgments -- $tTimeline: From the Glaciers to the Present -- $tPrologue: Step into the Forest?Today -- $t1. Ecosystem and Ecological Studies at Hubbard Brook -- $t2. The Small Watershed- Ecosystem Approach -- $t3. Physical Setting and Climate -- $t4. The Forest: Past and Present -- $t5. A Rich Array of Organisms and Their Interactions -- $t6. How Is Energy Transformed? -- $t7. Hydrology: Water Balance and Flux -- $t8. Biogeochemistry: How Do Chemicals Flux and Cycle? -- $t9. The Discovery of Acid Rain at Hubbard Brook -- $t10. The Consequences of Acid Rain and Other Air Pollutants -- $t11. The Effects of Forest Harvesting and Other Disturbances: Whole- Watershed Manipulations -- $t12. How Does the Forest Ecosystem Recover After Harvesting and Other Disturbances? -- $t13. How Stream Ecosystems Are Integrated with Their Watersheds -- $t14. What Causes Population Change in Forest Birds? -- $t15. Scaling Up: Ecosystem Patterns and Processes Across the Valley -- $t16. How Is Climate Change Affecting the Forest Ecosystem? -- $t17. Reaching Out: Hubbard Brook's Influence on Environmental Policy, Management, and Education -- $t18. A Look Ahead: The Forest Ecosystem in the Future -- $tEpilogue: Step into the Forest?2065 -- $tAPPENDIX 1. Scientific Units: Conversions and Abbreviations -- $tAPPENDIX 2. Scientific Names and Lists of Selected Organisms -- $tNotes -- $tBibliography -- $tIndex 330 $aA beautifully illustrated overview and synthesis of how scientists have used a living forest as an experimental laboratory for more than 50 years For more than 50 years, the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in the White Mountains of New Hampshire has been one of the most intensely studied landscapes on earth. This book highlights many of the important ecological findings amassed during the long-term research conducted there, and considers their regional, national, and global implications. Richard T. Holmes and Gene E. Likens, active members of the research team at Hubbard Brook since its beginnings, explain the scientific processes employed in the forest-turned-laboratory. They describe such important findings as the discovery of acid rain, ecological effects of forest management practices, and the causes of population change in forest birds, as well as how disturbance events, pests and pathogens, and a changing climate affect forest and associated aquatic ecosystems. The authors show how such long-term, place-based ecological studies are relevant for informing many national, regional, and local environmental issues, such as air pollution, water quality, ecosystem management, and conservation. 606 $aWater chemistry$zNew Hampshire$zHubbard Brook Experimental Forest 606 $aWater$zNew Hampshire$zHubbard Brook Experimental Forest 606 $aAquatic ecology$zNew Hampshire$zHubbard Brook Experimental Forest 607 $aHubbard Brook Experimental Forest (N.H.) 607 $aNew Hampshire$zHubbard Brook Experimental Forest$2fast 607 $aHubbard Brook Valley$2gnd 615 0$aWater chemistry 615 0$aWater 615 0$aAquatic ecology 676 $a577.3097422 700 $aHolmes$b Richard T.$013750 702 $aLikens$b Gene E. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910137077903321 996 $aHubbard Brook$92811083 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03772nam 2200625Ia 450 001 9910437762903321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a3-642-28463-9 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-642-28463-2 035 $a(CKB)2670000000232614 035 $a(EBL)973093 035 $a(OCoLC)804664657 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000740730 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11930768 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000740730 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10700759 035 $a(PQKB)11711593 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-642-28463-2 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC973093 035 $a(PPN)168312042 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000232614 100 $a20120904h20122013 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aContinuous and discontinuous modelling of fracture in concrete using FEM /$fJacek Tejchman and Jerzy Bobiski 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aBerlin ;$aNew York $cSpringer$d2012, c2013 215 $a1 online resource (416 p.) 225 0 $aSpringer series in geomechanics and geoengineering,$x1866-8763 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a3-642-43363-4 311 $a3-642-28462-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aIntroduction -- General -- Literature Overview -- Theoretical Models -- Discrete Lattice Model -- Epilogue. 330 $aThe book analyzes a quasi-static fracture process in concrete and reinforced concrete by means of constitutive models formulated within continuum mechanics. A continuous and discontinuous modelling approach was used. Using a continuous approach, numerical analyses were performed using a finite element method and three different enhanced continuum models: isotropic elasto-plastic, isotropic damage and anisotropic smeared crack one. The models were equipped with a characteristic length of micro-structure by means of a non-local and a second-gradient theory. So they could properly describe the formation of localized zones with a certain thickness and spacing and a related deterministic size effect. Using a discontinuous FE approach, numerical results of cracks using a cohesive crack model and XFEM were presented which were also properly regularized. Finite element analyses were performed with concrete elements under monotonic uniaxial compression, uniaxial tension, bending and shear-extension. Concrete beams under cyclic loading were also simulated using a coupled elasto-plastic-damage approach. Numerical simulations were performed at macro- and meso-level of concrete. A stochastic and deterministic size effect was carefully investigated. In the case of reinforced concrete specimens, FE calculations were carried out with bars, slender and short beams, columns, corbels and tanks. Tensile and shear failure mechanisms were studied. Numerical results were compared with results from corresponding own and known in the scientific literature laboratory and full-scale tests.    . 410 0$aSpringer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering,$x1866-8755 606 $aConcrete construction$xMathematical models 606 $aStructural analysis (Engineering)$xMathematical models 606 $aFinite element method 615 0$aConcrete construction$xMathematical models. 615 0$aStructural analysis (Engineering)$xMathematical models. 615 0$aFinite element method. 676 $a624.15136 700 $aTejchman$b Jacek$01064940 701 $aBobiski$b Jerzy$01763092 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910437762903321 996 $aContinuous and discontinuous modelling of fracture in concrete using FEM$94203349 997 $aUNINA