LEADER 04324nam  22006975  450 
001 9910373931703321
005 20200704142925.0
010   $a3-030-33574-7
024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-030-33574-8
035   $a(CKB)4100000009939761
035   $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5986788
035   $a(DE-He213)978-3-030-33574-8
035   $a(PPN)258304790
035   $a(EXLCZ)994100000009939761
100   $a20191126d2019      u|         0
101 0 $aeng
135   $aurcnu||||||||
181   $ctxt$2rdacontent
182   $cc$2rdamedia
183   $acr$2rdacarrier
200 10$aTheory of Thermodynamic Measurements of Quantum Systems Far from Equilibrium /$fby Abhay Shastry
205   $a1st ed. 2019.
210  1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2019.
215   $a1 online resource (152 pages)
225 1 $aSpringer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research,$x2190-5053
311   $a3-030-33573-9 
320   $aIncludes bibliographical references.
327   $aChapter1. Introduction -- Chapter2. Temperature and Voltage -- Chapter3. Coldest Measurable Temperature -- Chapter4. STM as a Thermometer -- Chapter5. Entropy -- Chapter6. Concluding Remarks.
330   $aThis thesis presents several related advances in the field of nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics. The central result is an ingenious proof that the local temperature and voltage measurement in a nonequilibrium system of fermions exists and is unique, placing the concept of local temperature on a rigorous mathematical footing for the first time. As an intermediate step, a proof of the positivity of the Onsager matrix of linear response theory is given -- a statement of the second law of thermodynamics that had lacked an independent proof for 85 years. A new experimental method to measure the local temperature of an electron system using purely electrical techniques is also proposed, which could enable improvements to the spatial resolution of thermometry by several orders of magnitude. Finally, a new mathematically-exact definition for the local entropy of a quantum system in a nonequilibrium steady state is derived. Several different measures of the local entropy are discussed, relating to the thermodynamics of processes that a local observer with varying degrees of information about the microstates of the system could carry out, and it is shown that they satisfy a hierarchy of inequalities. Proofs of the third law of thermodynamics for generic open quantum systems are presented, taking into account the entropic contribution due to localized states. Appropriately normalized (per-state) local entropies are defined and are used to quantify the departure from local equilibrium.
410  0$aSpringer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research,$x2190-5053
606   $aQuantum theory
606   $aThermodynamics
606   $aChemistry, Physical and theoretical
606   $aMathematical physics
606   $aSpectrum analysis
606   $aMicroscopy
606   $aQuantum Physics$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P19080
606   $aThermodynamics$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P21050
606   $aPhysical Chemistry$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/C21001
606   $aMathematical Physics$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/M35000
606   $aSpectroscopy and Microscopy$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P31090
615  0$aQuantum theory.
615  0$aThermodynamics.
615  0$aChemistry, Physical and theoretical.
615  0$aMathematical physics.
615  0$aSpectrum analysis.
615  0$aMicroscopy.
615 14$aQuantum Physics.
615 24$aThermodynamics.
615 24$aPhysical Chemistry.
615 24$aMathematical Physics.
615 24$aSpectroscopy and Microscopy.
676   $a530.12011
700   $aShastry$b Abhay$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$0838600
801  0$bMiAaPQ
801  1$bMiAaPQ
801  2$bMiAaPQ
906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910373931703321
996   $aTheory of Thermodynamic Measurements of Quantum Systems Far from Equilibrium$91873098
997   $aUNINA