LEADER 04343 am 22006973u 450 001 9910350337203321 005 20200705033446.0 010 $a981-13-5787-0 024 7 $a10.1007/978-981-13-5787-9 035 $a(CKB)4100000007656704 035 $a(DE-He213)978-981-13-5787-9 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5716814 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL5716814 035 $a(OCoLC)1089013768 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000007656704 100 $a20190218d2019 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnn|008mamaa 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aOpen and Distance Education in Asia, Africa and the Middle East$b[electronic resource] $eNational Perspectives in a Digital Age /$fedited by Olaf Zawacki-Richter, Adnan Qayyum 205 $a1st ed. 2019. 210 1$aSingapore :$cSpringer Singapore :$cImprint: Springer,$d2019. 215 $a1 online resource (VIII, 140 p. 10 illus., 4 illus. in color.) 225 1 $aSpringerBriefs in Open and Distance Education,$x2509-4335 311 $a981-13-5786-2 327 $a1 Introduction -- 2 China -- 3 China: Commentary -- 4 India -- 5 India: Commentary -- 6 Russia -- 7 Russia: Commentary -- 8 South Africa -- 9 Commentary on Open and Distance Education in South Africa -- 10 South Korea -- 11 Commentary on Open and Distance Education in South Korea -- 12 Turkey -- 13 Commentary on Open and Dsitance Education in Turkey -- 14 The Current State of Open and Distance Education. 330 $aThis book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book describes the history, structure and institutions of open and distance education in six countries: China, India, Russia, Turkey, South Africa and South Korea. It describes how open and distance education is evolving in a digital age to reflect the needs and circumstances of the national higher education systems in these countries. It also explores the similarities and differences between how their open and distance higher education systems are managed and structured. This book is the second in a series, following Open and Distance Education in Australia, Europe and the Americas (Springer 2018). Both books compare and draw conclusions about the nature of open and distance education in the context of various national higher education systems. In a digital era characterized by the growing use of online, open and distance education, this book will prove particularly valuable for policy-makers and senior administrators who want to learn about establishing or expanding open and distance education services. In addition, it offers a valuable reference guide for researchers, academics and students interested in understanding the different approaches to open and distance education. 410 0$aSpringerBriefs in Open and Distance Education,$x2509-4335 606 $aLearning 606 $aInstruction 606 $aEducational technology 606 $aInternational education  606 $aComparative education 606 $aHigher education 606 $aLearning & Instruction$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/O22000 606 $aEducational Technology$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/O21000 606 $aInternational and Comparative Education$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/O13000 606 $aHigher Education$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/O36000 608 $aElectronic books. 615 0$aLearning. 615 0$aInstruction. 615 0$aEducational technology. 615 0$aInternational education . 615 0$aComparative education. 615 0$aHigher education. 615 14$aLearning & Instruction. 615 24$aEducational Technology. 615 24$aInternational and Comparative Education. 615 24$aHigher Education. 676 $a371.3 702 $aZawacki-Richter$b Olaf$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 702 $aQayyum$b Adnan$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910350337203321 996 $aOpen and Distance Education in Asia, Africa and the Middle East$92233331 997 $aUNINA