LEADER 06731nam 22006135 450 001 9910349378903321 005 20200705150120.0 010 $a94-6265-288-0 024 7 $a10.1007/978-94-6265-288-0 035 $a(CKB)4100000008618314 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5811803 035 $a(DE-He213)978-94-6265-288-0 035 $a(PPN)238492249 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000008618314 100 $a20190706d2019 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aSweetie 2.0$b[electronic resource] $eUsing Artificial Intelligence to Fight Webcam Child Sex Tourism /$fedited by Simone van der Hof, Ilina Georgieva, Bart Schermer, Bert-Jaap Koops 205 $a1st ed. 2019. 210 1$aThe Hague :$cT.M.C. Asser Press :$cImprint: T.M.C. Asser Press,$d2019. 215 $a1 online resource (556 pages) 225 1 $aInformation Technology and Law Series,$x1570-2782 ;$v31 311 $a94-6265-287-2 327 $aChapter 1. Legal Aspects of Sweetie 2.0 -- Chapter 2. Sexual-Orientated Online Chat Conversations - Characteristics and Testing Pathways -- Chapter 3. Sweetie 2.0 Technology: Technical Challenges of Making the Sweetie 2.0 Chatbot -- Chapter 4. Substantive and Procedural Legislation in Australia to Combat Webcam-Related Child Sexual Abuse -- Chapter 5. Substantive and Procedural Legislation in Belgium to Combat Webcam-Related Sexual Child Abuse -- Chapter 6. Substantive and Procedural Legislation in the Republic of Croatia to Combat Webcam-Related Child Sexual Abuse -- Chapter 7. Substantive and Procedural Legislation in England and Wales to Combat Webcam-Related Child Sexual Abuse -- Chapter 8. Substantive and Procedural Legislation in Estonia to Combat Webcam-Related Child Sexual Abuse -- Chapter 9. Substantive and Procedural Legislation in Israel to Combat Webcam-Related Child Sexual Abuse -- Chapter 10. Substantive and Procedural Legislation in the Netherlands to Combat Webcam-Related Child Sexual Abuse -- Chapter 11. Substantive and Procedural Legislation in the Philippines to Combat Webcam-Related Child Sexual Abuse -- Chapter 12. Substantive and Procedural Legislation in United States of America to Combat Webcam-Related Child Sexual Abuse. 330 $aThis book centres on Webcam Child Sex Tourism and the Sweetie Project initiated by the children?s rights organization Terre des Hommes in 2013 in response to the exponential increase of online child abuse. Webcam child sex tourism is a growing international problem, which not only encourages the abuse and sexual exploitation of children and provides easy access to child-abuse images, but which is also a crime involving a relatively low risk for offenders as live-streamed webcam performances leave few traces that law enforcement can use. Moreover, webcam child sex tourism often has a cross-border character, which leads to jurisdictional conflicts and makes it even harder to obtain evidence, launch investigations or prosecute suspects. Terre des Hommes set out to actively tackle webcam child sex tourism by employing a virtual 10-year old Philippine girl named Sweetie, a so-called chatbot, to identify offenders in chatrooms. Sweetie 1.0 could be deployed only if police officers participated in chats, and thus was limited in dealing with the large number of offenders. With this in mind, a more pro-active and preventive approach was adopted to tackle the issue. Sweetie 2.0 was developed with an automated chat function to track, identify and deter individuals using the internet to sexually abuse children. Using chatbots allows the monitoring of larger parts of the internet to locate and identify (potential) offenders, and to send them messages to warn of the legal consequences should they proceed further. But using artificial intelligence raises serious legal questions. For instance, is sexually interacting with a virtual child actually a criminal offence? How do rules of criminal procedure apply to Sweetie as investigative software? Does using Sweetie 2.0 constitute entrapment? This book, the outcome of a comparative law research initiative by Leiden University?s Center for Law and Digital Technologies (eLaw) and the Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society (TILT), addresses the application of substantive criminal law and criminal procedure to Sweetie 2.0 within various jurisdictions around the world. This book is especially relevant for legislators and policy-makers, legal practitioners in criminal law, and all lawyers and academics interested in internet-related sexual offences and in Artificial Intelligence and law. Professor Simone van der Hof is General Director of Research at t he Center for Law and Digital Technologies (eLaw) of the Leiden Law School at Leiden University, The Netherlands. Ilina Georgieva, LL.M., is a PhD researcher at the Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs at Leiden University, Bart Schermer is an associate professor at the Center for Law and Digital Technologies (eLaw) of the Leiden Law School, and Professor Bert-Jaap Koops is Professor of Regulation and Technology at the Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society (TILT), Tilburg University, The Netherlands. 410 0$aInformation Technology and Law Series,$x1570-2782 ;$v31 606 $aInternational criminal law 606 $aComputer crimes 606 $aBig data 606 $aApplication software 606 $aInternational Criminal Law $3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/R19040 606 $aCybercrime$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/1B7000 606 $aBig Data/Analytics$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/522070 606 $aInformation Systems Applications (incl. Internet)$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/I18040 615 0$aInternational criminal law. 615 0$aComputer crimes. 615 0$aBig data. 615 0$aApplication software. 615 14$aInternational Criminal Law . 615 24$aCybercrime. 615 24$aBig Data/Analytics. 615 24$aInformation Systems Applications (incl. Internet). 676 $a004.678083 702 $avan der Hof$b Simone$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 702 $aGeorgieva$b Ilina$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 702 $aSchermer$b Bart$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 702 $aKoops$b Bert-Jaap$4edt$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910349378903321 996 $aSweetie 2.0$91751116 997 $aUNINA