LEADER 02095nam 2200481z- 450 001 9910557547503321 005 20211118 035 $a(CKB)5400000000044131 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/73315 035 $a(oapen)doab73315 035 $a(EXLCZ)995400000000044131 100 $a20202111d2019 |y 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurmn|---annan 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aApproaches to Advance Cancer Vaccines to Clinical Utility 210 $cFrontiers Media SA$d2019 215 $a1 online resource (196 p.) 311 08$a2-88963-160-5 330 $aThis eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact 606 $aImmunology$2bicssc 606 $aMedicine and Nursing$2bicssc 610 $aadjuvant 610 $aantigen-presenting cell 610 $abiomarkers 610 $acancer vaccines 610 $aimmunosuppression 610 $ain situ vaccination 610 $apersonalized 615 7$aImmunology 615 7$aMedicine and Nursing 700 $aVan Nuffel$b An M. T$4edt$01296662 702 $aBoudousquié$b Caroline$4edt 702 $aTuyaerts$b Sandra$4edt 702 $aVan Nuffel$b An M. T$4oth 702 $aBoudousquié$b Caroline$4oth 702 $aTuyaerts$b Sandra$4oth 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910557547503321 996 $aApproaches to Advance Cancer Vaccines to Clinical Utility$93024190 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04965nam 2200445z- 450 001 9910346755403321 005 20210211 035 $a(CKB)4920000000094160 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/40672 035 $a(oapen)doab40672 035 $a(EXLCZ)994920000000094160 100 $a20202102d2018 |y 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurmn|---annan 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aAllorecognition by Leukocytes of the Adaptive Immune System 210 $cFrontiers Media SA$d2018 215 $a1 online resource (107 p.) 225 1 $aFrontiers Research Topics 311 08$a2-88945-386-3 330 $aThe term allorecognition refers to the series of mechanisms used by an individual's immune system to distinguish its own cells and tissues from those of another individual belonging to the same species. During evolution, different cells and molecules of both innate and adaptive immune systems have been selected to recognize and respond to antigens expressed by allogeneic cells, but not autologous cells (alloantigens). This research topic focuses on allorecognition by lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system and its involvement in rejection or tolerance of allogeneic transplants. T and B cells recognizing alloantigens via specific receptors become activated and undergo proliferation and differentiation into different types of effector and memory cells. Allorecognition by lymphocytes occurs regularly during pregnancy upon trafficking of both maternal and fetal cells. In this setting, allorecognition triggers an alloresponse that is protective towards the fetus thus preventing abortion. Protective alloimmunity is mediated through cooperation between different lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells (APCs), as well as regulatory mediators and receptors. Likewise, certain transplants placed in organs and tissues called immune-privileged sites such as the eye, the central nervous system and the testis elicit protective rather than destructive adaptive immune responses. Therefore, under certain circumstances, allorecognition by regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs and Bregs) can lead to tolerance of alloantigens. In contrast, allorecognition by T cells in non-immune privileged sites and under inflammatory conditions leads to a destructive immune response. Indeed, after transplantation of most allogeneic organs and tissues, activation of pro-inflammatory T cells (TH1 and TH17), which recognize donor MHC proteins (direct pathway) or peptides derived from donor MHC and minor antigens (indirect pathway), leads to graft rejection. This inflammatory response leads to the differentiation of allospecific cytotoxic T cells as well as production of donor specific antibodies by B cells, both of which contribute to the destruction of the transplant. In this Research Topic, we describe the different pathways of allorecognition by T cells involved in allograft rejection, as well as the role of different antigen presenting cells and graft-derived microvesicles (exosomes) involved in this process. Another aspect of this Research Topic addresses the essential role of alloreactive memory T cells in allograft rejection and resistance to transplant tolerance induction in laboratory rodents, as well as non-human primates and patients. Indeed, it has become evident that laboratory mice display very few memory alloreactive T cells pre-transplantation, essentially due to the fact that they are raised in pathogen-free facilities. In contrast, primates display high frequencies of alloreactive memory T cells, either generated through prior exposure to allogeneic MHC molecules or via cross-reactivity with microbial antigens. We and others have provided ample evidence showing that this feature accounts for differences in terms of tolerance susceptibility between laboratory rodents and patients. This implies that further investigation of tolerance protocols in laboratory mice should be performed using "dirty mice" i.e., mice raised in non-sterile conditions. In summary, this Research Topic addresses key aspects of allorecognition by lymphocytes and alloantigen presentation by dendritic cells, and specifically how these processes shape our immune system and govern the rejection or tolerance of allogeneic tissues and organs. 606 $aMedicine and Nursing$2bicssc 610 $aalloantigens 610 $aAllorecognition 610 $aantibodies 610 $adendritic cells 610 $aimmune privilege 610 $alymphocytes 610 $atransplant rejection 610 $atransplant tolerance 610 $atransplantation 615 7$aMedicine and Nursing 700 $aGilles Benichou$4auth$01292415 702 $aJames Kim$4auth 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910346755403321 996 $aAllorecognition by Leukocytes of the Adaptive Immune System$93022282 997 $aUNINA