LEADER 04595nam 22007095 450 001 9910300373903321 005 20200705024019.0 010 $a3-319-01177-4 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-319-01177-6 035 $a(CKB)3710000000058047 035 $a(EBL)1593018 035 $a(OCoLC)868978155 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001067205 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11675212 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001067205 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11079183 035 $a(PQKB)10532012 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1593018 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-319-01177-6 035 $a(PPN)176103716 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000058047 100 $a20131105d2014 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aBackground Processes in the Electrostatic Spectrometers of the KATRIN Experiment /$fby Susanne Mertens 205 $a1st ed. 2014. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2014. 215 $a1 online resource (203 p.) 225 1 $aSpringer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research,$x2190-5053 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a3-319-01176-6 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aAbstract -- Introduction and objectives of the thesis -- Neutrino Physics -- The KATRIN experiment -- Monte Carlo simulation package -- Muon induced background -- Background due to Penning traps -- Background due to stored electrons following nuclear decays -- Background due to stored electrons following nuclear decays -- Conclusion -- Optimization of the spectrometer transmission properties with the air coil system -- Comparison of transmission measurements at the pre-spectrometer with Kassiopeia simulations -- Alternative methods of removing stored electrons. 330 $aNeutrinos continue to be the most mysterious and, arguably, the most fascinating particles of the Standard Model as their intrinsic properties such as absolute mass scale and CP properties are unknown. The open question of the absolute neutrino mass scale will be addressed with unprecedented accuracy by the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment, currently under construction.  This thesis focusses on the spectrometer part of KATRIN and background processes therein. Various background sources such as small Penning traps, as well as nuclear decays from single radon atoms are fully characterized here for the first time. Most importantly, however, it was possible to reduce the background in the spectrometer by more than five orders of magnitude by eliminating Penning traps and by developing a completely new background reduction method by stochastically heating trapped electrons using electron cyclotron resonance (ECR).  The work beautifully demonstrates that the obstacles and challenges in measuring the absolute mass scale of neutrinos can be met successfully if novel experimental tools (ECR) and novel computing methods (KASSIOPEIA) are combined to allow almost background-free tritium ß-spectroscopy. 410 0$aSpringer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research,$x2190-5053 606 $aParticle acceleration 606 $aAstrophysics 606 $aPhysics 606 $aPhysical measurements 606 $aMeasurement    606 $aParticle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P23037 606 $aAstrophysics and Astroparticles$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P22022 606 $aNumerical and Computational Physics, Simulation$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P19021 606 $aMeasurement Science and Instrumentation$3https://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P31040 615 0$aParticle acceleration. 615 0$aAstrophysics. 615 0$aPhysics. 615 0$aPhysical measurements. 615 0$aMeasurement   . 615 14$aParticle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics. 615 24$aAstrophysics and Astroparticles. 615 24$aNumerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. 615 24$aMeasurement Science and Instrumentation. 676 $a523.01 700 $aMertens$b Susanne$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$0791348 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910300373903321 996 $aBackground Processes in the Electrostatic Spectrometers of the KATRIN Experiment$91768728 997 $aUNINA